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Obtectomera
The Obtectomera is a clade of macro-moths and butterflies, comprising over 100,000 species in at least 12 Superfamily (zoology), superfamilies. This clade was initially defined by a pupal stage with the four anterior abdominal segments fused and immobile as the sole Apomorphy and synapomorphy, synapomorphy, but was later revised to include the modification of the dorsal edge of the Pulvilli, pulvillus with a protrusion in the adult. Taxonomy The Obtectomera includes the following 12 superfamilies: * Whalleyanoidea Minet, 1991 * Thyridoidea Herrich-Schäffer, 1846 – picture-winged leaf moths * Hyblaeoidea Hampson, 1903 – teak moths * Calliduloidea Moore, 1877 – Old World butterfly-moths * Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802 – true butterflies * Pyraloidea Latreille, 1809 – pyraloid moths * Mimallonoidea Burmeister, 1878 – sack bearers (sometimes included Macroheterocera) * Macroheterocera Chapman, 1893 ** Drepanoidea Boisduval, 1828 – drepanids ** Noctuoidea Latreille, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whalleyanoidea
''Whalleyana'' is an enigmatic genus of moths in the lepidopteran group Obtectomera, endemic to Madagascar. The genus contains two species, whose biology are unknown. The genus had been placed in the picture-winged leaf moths, (Thyrididae), but then was placed in its own family (Minet, 1991), and later elevated to its own superfamily (Dugdale et al., 1999: 229-230); see also Fänger (2004). The genus was named after Paul E. S. Whalley, a British entomologist. Genomic studies have found them to be most closely related to Callidulidae Callidulidae, the only known family of the superfamily Calliduloidea, is the family of Old World butterfly-moths, containing eight genera. They have a peculiar distribution, restricted to the Old World tropics of Southeast Asia to Australasia an ..., and it is suggested that they should be placed in Calliduloidea. References *Dugdale, J.S., Kristensen, N.P., Robinson, G.S. and Scoble, M.J. (1999). The non-Glossatan Moths. Ch. 13, pp. 217–2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copromorphoidea
Carposinoidea, the "fruitworm moths", is a superfamily of insects in the lepidopteran order. The superfamily is also known as Copromorphoidea, which is a junior synonym. These moths are small to medium-sized (10–50 mm. in wingspan) and are broad-winged bearing some resemblance to the superfamilies Tortricoidea and Immoidea. The antennae are often "pectinate" especially in males, and many species of these well camouflaged moths bear raised tufts of scales on the wings and a specialised fringe of scales at the base of the hindwing sometimes in females only; there are a number of other structural characteristics (Common, 1990; Dugdale et al., 1999) . The position of this superfamily is not certain, but it has been placed in the natural group of "Apoditrysi"Obtectomera" (Minet, 1991), rather than with the superfamilies Alucitoidea or Epermenioidea within which it has sometimes previously been placed, on the grounds that shared larval and pupal characteristics of these group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macroheterocera
The Macroheterocera are a well supported clade of moths that are closely related to butterflies and macro-moths. Taxonomy The Macroheterocera includes the following superfamilies: * Mimallonoidea – sack bearers (variously included in basal position or excluded) * Drepanoidea – drepanids * Noctuoidea – owlet moths * Geometroidea The Geometroidea are the superfamily of geometrid moths in the order Lepidoptera. It includes the families Geometridae, Uraniidae, Epicopeiidae, Sematuridae Sematuridae is a Family (biology), family of moths in the lepidopteran Order (bio ... – inchworms * Lasiocampoidea – lappet moths * Bombycoidea – bombycoid moths The macroheteroceran superfamilies were previously place in the Macrolepidoptera, but recent molecular studies have failed to recover the Macrolepidoptera as a monophyletic group. The latter grouping also included butterflies ( Papilionoidea) and Old World butterfly-moths ( Calliduloidea). References Moth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thyridoidea
The Thyrididae comprise the family of picture-winged leaf moths. They are the only family in the superfamily Thyridoidea, which sometimes has been included in the Pyraloidea, but this is not supported by cladistic analysis. Most species live in the tropics and subtropics. They are colourful and often day-flying moths. There are four subfamilies. Their biology is little known. Thyridid specimens are rare in museum collections. Genera *''Chrysotypus'' Butler, 1879 *'' Microctenucha'' Warren, 1900 *'' Aglaopus'' Turner, 1911 Charideinae *'' Amalthocera'' Boisduval, 1836 *'' Arniocera'' Hopffer, 1857 *'' Byblisia'' Walker, 1865 *'' Cicinnocnemis'' Holland, 1894 *'' Dilophura'' Hampson, 1918 *'' Lamprochrysa'' Hampson, 1918 *'' Marmax'' Rafinesque, 1815 *'' Netrocera'' Felder, 1874 *'' Toosa'' Walker, 1856 *'' Trichobaptes'' Holland, 1894 Siculodinae *'' Belonoptera'' Herrich-Schäffer, 858/small> *'' Bupota'' Whalley, 1971 *'' Calindoea'' Walker, 1863 *'' Cecidothyris'' Aurivill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyraloidea
The Pyraloidea (pyraloid moths or snout moths) are a moth superfamily containing about 16,000 described species worldwide, and probably at least as many more remain to be described. They are generally fairly small moths, and as such, they have been traditionally associated with the paraphyletic Microlepidoptera. This superfamily used to contain the Hyblaeidae, Thyrididae, Alucitidae (plus Tineodidae), Pterophoridae, and Pyralidae. The first four families are now each split off as a distinct superfamily. Nowadays, Pyralidae are usually split into the Pyralidae sensu stricto and the Crambidae, as both groups have been shown to be monophyletic and a sister group. Some genera (e.g. '' Micronix'' and '' Tanaobela'') still defy easy classification and have been variously assigned to the Crambidae or the Pyralidae. Among all Lepidoptera, pyraloids show the most diverse life history adaptations. The larvae of most species feed on living plants either internally or externally a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mimallonoidea
Mimallonidae (mimallonids), sometimes known as "sack-bearer" moths for the larval case-building behavior, are a family of Lepidoptera containing over 300 named species in 43 genera. These moths are found only in the New World, with most taxa occurring in the Neotropics. Adult moths are externally similar to those belonging to some of the other Macroheterocera families Bombycoidea and Drepanoidea, and thus have been variously treated as belonging to either one of these or other superfamilies. Distribution Mimallonids are restricted to the New World, and are distributed in North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean (Cuba and The Bahamas). The vast majority of genera and species are found in the tropical regions of the New World, with only five described species from the United States. Biology Not much has been published on the natural history of adult Mimallonidae, though most species are thought to be nocturnal. At least three species have diurnal males. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alucitoidea
Aluctoidea is the superfamily of many-plumed and false plume moths. These small moths are most easily recognized by their wings. These each consist of many (typically more than 3) narrow strips of membrane around the major veins, instead of a continuous sheet of membrane between the veins. In living moths in the wild, this is often hard to see however. When they are at rest, the "plumes" partly overlap, appearing as solid wings. But even then, they can be recognized by the wings having a marked lengthwise pattern and uneven edge. They contain two families at most: * Alucitidae – many-plumed moths * Tineodidae – false plume moths Sometimes, only one family is accepted, Tineodidae being merged into Alucitidae with the Alucitoidea thus becoming monotypic. Most of the roughly 160 described species in the superfamily belong to the many-plumed moths; these include a few rather widespread genera. The false plume moths consist of numerous small and well-distinct lineages; n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombycoidea
Bombycoidea is a superfamily of moths, including the silk moths, giant silk moths, sphinx moths, saturniids, and relatives. The superfamily Lasiocampoidea is a close relative and was historically sometimes merged in this group. After many years of debate and shifting taxonomies, the most recent classifications treat the superfamily as containing 10 constituent families. Characteristics Bombycoid larvae often exhibit horns.''Firefly Encyclopedia of Insects and Spiders'', edited by Christopher O'Toole, , 2002 In the adult stage they are typically large, and include the largest moths in the world. Families Bombycoidea includes the following families: * Anthelidae * Apatelodidae * Bombycidae * Brahmaeidae (syn. Lemoniidae) * Carthaeidae * Endromidae (syn. Mirinidae) * Eupterotidae * Phiditiidae * Saturniidae * Sphingidae The Sphingidae are a family of moths commonly called sphinx moths, also colloquially known as hawk moths, with many of their caterpillars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Axioidea (Lepidoptera)
Cimeliidae, the gold moths (formerly known as Axiidae), is a family of moths that is now placed in the macroheteroceran superfamily Drepanoidea, although previously placed in its own superfamily. Uniquely, they have a pair of pocket-like organs on the seventh abdominal spiracle of the adult moth which are only possibly sound receptive organs. They are quite large and brightly coloured moths that occur in southern Europe and feed on species of ''Euphorbia''. Sometimes they are attracted to light. The family was first described by Pierre Chrétien Pierre Chrétien (1846 – 15 June 1934, in Nay, Pyrénées-Atlantiques) was a French entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. He was a member of Société entomologique de France. ''Trifurcula chretieni'' Z. & A. Lastuvka & van Nieukerken, 2 ... in 1916. Further reading * * * References * Yen, S.-H.; Minet, J. (2007)"Cimelioidea: a new superfamily name for the gold moths (Lepidoptera: Glossata)" ''Zoological Studies''. 46 (3): ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedylidae
Hedylidae, the "American moth-butterflies", is a Family (biology), family of insects in the order Lepidoptera, formerly representing the superfamily Hedyloidea. They have traditionally been viewed as an Extant taxon, extant sister group of the butterfly superfamily Papilionoidea, but a 2014 Phylogenetics, phylogenetic analysis has suggested Hedylidae is a subgroup of Papilionoidea, and not a sister group, and are more accurately referred to as butterflies rather than moths. They are represented by a single Neotropical genus, ''Macrosoma'', with 35 currently recognized species. Taxonomy and systematics Hedylidae were previously treated as a Tribe (biology), tribe of Geometridae: Oenochrominae, the "Hedylicae". Prout considered they might even merit treatment as their own family. Scoble first considered them to be a hitherto unrecognised group of butterflies and also suggested Hedylidae might possibly constitute the sister group of the "true" butterflies (Papilionoidea), rather than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrolepidoptera
Macrolepidoptera is a group within the insect Order (biology), order Lepidoptera. Traditionally used for the larger butterflies and moths as opposed to the "microlepidoptera", this group is artificial. However, it seems that by moving some taxa about, a monophyletic macrolepidoptera can be easily achieved. The two superfamilies Geometroidea and Noctuoidea account for roughly one-quarter of all known Lepidoptera. Taxonomy In the reformed macrolepidoptera, the following Superfamily (zoology), superfamilies are included: * Mimallonoidea – sack bearers * Lasiocampoidea – lappet moths * Bombycoidea – bombycoid moths * Noctuoidea – owlet moths * Drepanoidea – drepanids * Geometroidea – inchworms * Calliduloidea – Old World butterfly-moths * Papilionoidea – butterflies The last two or three superfamilies comprised the Rhopalocera, or butterflies. More recent taxonomic treatments usually include all butterflies in an expanded Papilionoidea. Subsequent molecular studi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
