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Oak Woodland
An oak woodland is a plant community with a tree canopy dominated by oaks (''Quercus spp.''). In terms of canopy closure, oak woodlands are intermediate between oak savanna, which is more open, and oak forest, which is more closed. Although the community is named for the dominance of oak trees, the understory vegetation is often diverse and includes many species of grasses, sedges, forbs, ferns, shrubs, and other plants. Examples * Upper Midwestern United States oak woodlands dominated by white oak (''Quercus alba''), burr oak ('' Q. macrocarpa''), and black oak ('' Q. velutina''), with subdominant canopy species red oak ('' Q. rubra'') and shagbark hickory (''Carya ovata''), with a diverse understory. The community is fire-dependent, shaped by annual, low-intensity fires. * Cork oak (''Quercus suber'') woodlands in the Mediterranean region. * Blue oak woodland is found in the inner coast ranges and the Sierra Nevada foothills in California, surrounding the Central Valley.C. Mic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake County, Illinois Oak Woodland
A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from the ocean, although they may be connected with the ocean by rivers. Lakes, as with other bodies of water, are part of the water cycle, the processes by which water moves around the Earth. Most lakes are fresh water and account for almost all the world's surface freshwater, but some are salt lakes with salinities even higher than that of seawater. Lakes vary significantly in surface area and volume of water. Lakes are typically larger and deeper than ponds, which are also water-filled basins on land, although there are no official definitions or scientific criteria distinguishing the two. Lakes are also distinct from lagoons, which are generally shallow tidal pools dammed by sandbars or other material at coastal regions of oceans or large la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California
California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an international border with the Mexico, Mexican state of Baja California to the south. With almost 40million residents across an area of , it is the List of states and territories of the United States by population, largest state by population and List of U.S. states and territories by area, third-largest by area. Prior to European colonization of the Americas, European colonization, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America. European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization by the Spanish Empire. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, following Mexican War of Independence, its successful war for independence, but Mexican Cession, was ceded to the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Populus Fremontii
''Populus fremontii'', commonly known as Frémont's cottonwood, is a cottonwood (and thus a poplar) native to riparian zones of the Southwestern United States and northern through central Mexico. It is one of three species in ''Populus'' sect.'' Aigeiros''. The tree was named after 19th-century American explorer and pathfinder John C. Frémont. Distribution The tree is native to the Southwestern United States and Mexico. In the United States, the species can be found in California, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Colorado. In Mexico, it can be found in Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, México (state), and Puebla. A riparian tree, it grows near streams, rivers, springs, seeps, wetlands, and well-watered alluvial bottomlands at elevations below elevation. Description ''P. fremontii'' is a large tree growing from in height with a wide crown, with a trunk up to in diameter. The bark is smooth when young, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juglans Nigra
''Juglans nigra'', the eastern American black walnut, is a species of deciduous tree in the walnut family, Juglandaceae, native to central and eastern North America, growing mostly in riparian zones. Black walnut is susceptible to thousand cankers disease, which provoked a decline of walnut trees in some regions. Black walnut is allelopathic, releasing chemicals from its roots and other tissues that may harm other organisms and give the tree a competitive advantage, but there is no scientific consensus that this is a primary competitive factor. Black walnut is an important tree commercially, as the wood is a deep brown color and easily worked. Walnut seeds (nut (fruit), nuts) are cultivated for their distinctive and desirable taste. Walnut trees are grown for lumber and food, and processors have found additional markets for even the tough outer hulls by finely grinding them for use in products such as abrasive cleansers. Many cultivars have been developed for improved quality w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platanus Racemosa
''Platanus racemosa'' is a species of plane tree known by several common names, including California sycamore, western sycamore, California plane tree, and in North American Spanish . ''Platanus racemosa'' is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in riparian areas, canyons, floodplains, at Spring (hydrosphere), springs and Seep (hydrology), seeps, and along streams and rivers in several types of habitats.Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area (N.R.A.), General Management Plan (GMP): Environmental Impact Statement. United States: n.p., 1982. It can be found as far north as Tehama County, California, Tehama and Humboldt County, California, Humboldt counties. Description This large tree grows to in height with a trunk diameter of up to one meter (three feet). The height of these trees ranges from . A specimen on the campus of Stanford University has a trunk girth (circumference) of . The trunk generally divides into two or more large trunks splitting in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quercus Lobata
''Quercus lobata'', commonly called the valley oak or roble, is the largest of the California oaks. It is endemic to the state, growing in interior valleys and foothills from Siskiyou to San Diego counties. Deciduous, it requires year-round groundwater, and may live up to 600 years. Its thick, ridged bark (resembling alligator hide) and deeply lobed leaves are characteristic, and assist in identification. Description The valley oak may surpass in height, with a sturdy trunk possibly exceeding in diameter. The "Henley Oak", in Covelo, California, is the tallest known valley oak, at . The branches have an irregular, spreading and arching appearance. During autumn, the leaves turn a yellow to light orange color but become brown later in the season. In advancing age, the branches droop. The trees have pewter-colored rippled bark. Typically, the leaves are long and are roundly and deeply lobed. The leaf width is approximately one half its length. Each leaf is matte green with an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediterranean Climate
A Mediterranean climate ( ), also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen and Trewartha as ''Cs'', is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude). Such climates typically have dry summers and wet winters, with summer conditions being hot and winter conditions typically being mild. These weather conditions are typically experienced in the majority of Mediterranean-climate regions and countries, but remain highly dependent on proximity to the ocean, altitude and geographical location. The dry summer climate is found throughout the warmer middle latitudes, affecting almost exclusively the western portions of continents in relative proximity to the coast. The climate type's name is in reference to the coastal regions of the Mediterranean Sea, which mostly share this type of climate, but it can also be found in the Atlantic portions of Iberia and Northwest Africa, the Pacific portions of the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Forest Service
The United States Forest Service (USFS) is an agency within the United States Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture. It administers the nation's 154 United States National Forest, national forests and 20 United States National Grassland, national grasslands covering of land. The major divisions of the agency are the Chief's Office, National Forest System, State and Private Forestry, Business Operations, as well as Research and Development. The agency manages about 25% of federal lands and is the sole major national land management agency not part of the United States Department of the Interior, U.S. Department of the Interior (which manages the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Bureau of Land Management). History In 1876, Congress formed the office of Special Agent in the Department of Agriculture to assess the quality and conditions of forests in the United States. Franklin B. Hough was appointed the head of the office. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cercis Occidentalis
''Cercis occidentalis'', the western redbud or California redbud (syn. ''Cercis orbiculata'' — Greene), is a small tree or shrub in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is found primarily in Northern California, with other populations in parts of Utah and Arizona. It is easily recognized when it is in bloom from March to May, when it is covered with small pink to purple flowers. Description ''Cercis occidentalis'' is a deciduous shrub to small tree, growing up to tall. The largest individual is in Santa Rosa and is high. Its crown is rounded on clustered, erect branches to a width of . The branches are thin, shiny, and brown. Twigs are slender, erect, and hairless. The leaves are arranged alternately along the twigs and are simple, round, and slightly leathery, growing to in diameter, with petioles. They have heart shaped bases with entire margins. Leaves have 7 to 9 fan-like veins. The upper surfaces of the leaves are dark green, shiny, and hairless, while their lower surfac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aesculus Californica
''Aesculus californica'', commonly known as the California buckeye or California horse-chestnut, is a species of buckeye native to California and southwestern Oregon. Description Aesculus californica is a large deciduous shrub or small tree, up to tall, with gray bark often coated with lichens and mosses. It typically is multi-trunked, with a crown as broad as it is high. Trees are long lived, with an estimated lifespan between 250–280 (300 maximum) years. The leaves are dark green, palmately compound with five (rarely seven) leaflets. Each leaflet is long, with a finely toothed margin and (particularly in spring) downy surfaces. The leaves are tender and prone to damage from both spring freezing or snow and summer heat and desiccation. The flowers are sweet-scented, white to pale pink, borne on erect panicles long and broad. The fruit is a fig-shaped capsule long, containing a large, round, orange-brown seed, measuring . The seeds are poisonous and are the largest kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinus Sabiniana
''Pinus sabiniana'' (sometimes spelled ''P. sabineana'') is a pine endemic to California in the United States. Its vernacular names include towani pine, foothill pine, gray pine, ghost pine, and bull pine. The name digger pine was historically used but includes a racial slur. Description ''Pinus sabiniana'' trees typically grow to , but can reach . The pine needles are in fascicles (bundles) of three, distinctively pale gray-green, sparse and drooping, and grow to in length. The seed cones are large and heavy, in length and almost as wide as they are long. When fresh, they weigh from , rarely over . The male cones grow at the base of shoots on the lower branches. File:Pinus sabineana 00061.JPG, Bark File:Pinus sabiniana (Gray Pine) - foliage (30485878313).jpg, Foliage File:Pinus sabiniana pollen cones Pinnacles, California.jpg, Pollen cones File:J20161101-0079—Gray pine cone, pine nuts, and resin—RPBG (30547385050).jpg, Cone, seeds, and resin Taxonomy Common name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quercus Wislizeni
''Quercus wislizeni'', known by the common name interior live oak, is an evergreen oak, highly variable and often shrubby, found in western North America. Description It is a large shrub or tree growing to tall, although where it is common in the low-elevation Sierra Nevada foothills it seldom exceeds . The dark-green leaves—appearing grayish from a distance—are usually small, long, thick, and often spiny-toothed at higher elevations, particularly on young trees. The male flowers are on catkins, the female flowers in groups of 2–4 in leaf axils. The acorns are long, and mature the second season (about 18 months) after flowering. Specimens can live for up to 200 years. Taxonomy Although originally published by Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle as "wislizeni", some sources mistakenly spelled the specific epithet "wislizenii". Correct spelling is with one "I", per ICN article 60C.2. Friedrich Adolph Wislizenus's specimen was thought by de Candolle to have been colle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
