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National Flag Of Georgia
The flag of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს სახელმწიფო დროშა, tr), also known as the Five-Cross Flag (, ), is one of the national symbols of Georgia. Originally a banner of the medieval Kingdom of Georgia, it was repopularised in the late 20th and early 21st centuries during the Georgian national revival. History The current flag was used by the Georgian patriotic movement following the country's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. By the late 1990s, the design had become widely known as the Georgian historical national flag, as vexillologists had pointed out the red-on-white Jerusalem cross shown as the flag of Tbilisi in a 14th-century map by Domenico and Francesco Pizzigano. A majority of Georgians, including the influential Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, Catholicos-Patriarch of the Georgian Orthodox Church, supported the restoration of the flag and in 1999 the Parliament of Georgia passed a bill to change t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolnisi Cross
The Bolnisi cross ( ka, ბოლნური ჯვარი ) is a cross symbol, taken from a 5th-century ornament at the Bolnisi Sioni church, which came to be used as a national symbol of Georgia. It is a variant of the cross pattée popular in Christian symbolism of late antiquity and the early medieval period. The same symbol gave rise to cross variants used during the Crusades, the Maltese cross of the Knights Hospitaller and (via the Jerusalem cross and the Black cross of the Teutonic Order) the Iron cross used by the German military. The four small crosses used in the Georgian flag are officially described as (, ) even though they are only slightly . See also * Grapevine cross *Christian cross variants References * Michael Tarchnišvili: ''Geschichte der kirchlichen georgischen Literatur'' (= ''Studi e Testi.'' 185ZDB-ID 762276-4. Auf Grund des 1. Bandes der georgischen Literaturgeschichte von K. Kekelidze bearbeitet. Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Città del V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholicos-Patriarch Of All Georgia
Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia ( ka, სრულიად საქართველოს კათოლიკოს პატრიარქი) is the Archbishop of Mtskheta and Tbilisi and the head of Georgian Orthodox Church. The official full title is ''His Holiness and Beatitude, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia and the Archbishop of Mtskheta and Tbilisi''. The incumbent Catholicos-Patriarch of the church is Patriarch Ilia II since 1977, who is also the Metropolitan Bishop of Bichvinta and Tskhum-Abkhazia. ''Catholicos-Patriarch'' has been the title of the heads of the Georgian Orthodox Church since 1010, shortly after the unification of the Kingdom of Georgia. The first Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia was Melkisedek I (1010–1033). In the 15th century, with the collapse of the Kingdom, the Georgian Orthodox Church was divided into the East and the West parts and accordingly they were ruled by the ''Catholicos-Patriarch of East Georgia'' and the ''Cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CMYK
The CMYK color model (also known as process color, or four color) is a subtractive color model, based on the CMY color model, used in color printing, and is also used to describe the printing process itself. The abbreviation ''CMYK'' refers to the four ink plates used: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (most often black). The CMYK model works by partially or entirely masking colors on a lighter, usually white, background. The ink reduces the light that would otherwise be reflected. Such a model is called ''subtractive'', as inks ''subtract'' some colors from white light; in the CMY model, white light minus red leaves cyan, white light minus green leaves magenta, and white light minus blue leaves yellow. In additive color models, such as RGB, white is the ''additive'' combination of all primary colored lights, and black is the absence of light. In the CMYK model, it is the opposite: white is the natural color of the paper or other background, and black results from a ful ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grapevine Cross
The grapevine cross ( ka, ჯვარი ვაზისა, ''Jvari Vazisa''), also known as the Georgian cross or Saint Nino's cross, is a major symbol of the Georgian Orthodox Church and dates possibly from the 4th century AD, when Christianity became the official religion in the kingdom of Iberia (Kartli). Background The grapevine cross is recognizable by the slight drooping of its horizontal arms. Traditional accounts credit Saint Nino, a Cappadocian woman who preached Christianity in Iberia (corresponding to modern southern and eastern Georgia, northeastern Turkey) early in the 4th century, with this unusual shape of cross. The legend has it that she received the grapevine cross from the Virgin Mary (or, alternatively, she created it herself on the way to Mtskheta) and secured it by entwining with her own hair. Nino came with this cross on her mission to Georgia. However, the familiar representation of the cross, with its peculiar drooping arms, did not appear until the ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wikimedia Commons
Wikimedia Commons, or simply Commons, is a wiki-based Digital library, media repository of Open content, free-to-use images, sounds, videos and other media. It is a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. Files from Wikimedia Commons can be used across all of the Wikimedia projects in all languages, including Wikipedia, Wikivoyage, Wikisource, Wikiquote, Wiktionary, Wikinews, Wikibooks and Wikispecies, and can also be downloaded for offsite use. As of April 2025, the repository contains over 120 million free-to-use media files, managed and editable by registered volunteers.commons:Special:Statistics, Statistics page on Wikimedia Commons History The idea for the project came from Erik Möller in March 2004 and Wikimedia Commons was started on September 7, 2004. In July 2013, the number of edits on Commons reached 100,000,000. In 2018, it became possible to upload 3D models to the site in STL (file format), STL format. One of the first models uploaded to Commons was a reconstruc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Council Of Heraldry
The State Council of Heraldry at the Parliament of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს პარლამენტთან არსებული ჰერალდიკის სახელმწიფო საბჭო,''sakartvelos parlamentan arsebuli heraldikis sakhelmtsipo sabcho'') is a heraldic authority in Georgia, established at the Parliament of Georgia on February 29, 2008. Located in Tbilisi, the council advises the government of Georgia on all matters related to heraldry. The council is headed by a chairman who is appointed (and dismissed) by the chairperson of the Parliament of Georgia The chairperson of the Parliament of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს პარლამენტის თავმჯდომარე, tr) is the presiding officer (Speaker (politics), speaker) of the Parliament of Georgia. The .... Since its creation in 2008, the council has been chaired by Eldar Shengelaya. Mamuka Gongadze is deputy chairman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David IV
David IV, also known as David IV the Builder ( ka, დავით IV აღმაშენებელი, tr; 1073 – 24 January 1125), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was the 5th List of monarchs of Georgia, king (''mepe'') of the Kingdom of Georgia from 1089 until his death in 1125. Popularly considered to be the greatest and most successful Georgian ruler in history and an original architect of the Georgian Golden Age, he succeeded in driving the Seljuq dynasty, Seljuk Turks out of the country, winning the Battle of Didgori in 1121. His reforms of the army and administration enabled him to reunite the country and bring most of the lands of the Caucasus under Georgia's control. A friend of the Church and a notable promoter of Christianity, Christian Culture of Georgia (country), culture, he was canonization, canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church. Sobriquet and regnal ordinal The epithet (), which is translated as (in the sense of "built completely"), , or , first appears ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coin
A coin is a small object, usually round and flat, used primarily as a medium of exchange or legal tender. They are standardized in weight, and produced in large quantities at a mint in order to facilitate trade. They are most often issued by a government. Coins often have images, numerals, or text on them. The faces of coins or medals are sometimes called the ''obverse'' and the ''reverse'', referring to the front and back sides, respectively. The obverse of a coin is commonly called ''heads'', because it often depicts the head of a prominent person, and the reverse is known as ''tails''. The first metal coins – invented in the ancient Greek world and disseminated during the Hellenistic period – were precious metal–based, and were invented in order to simplify and regularize the task of measuring and weighing bullion (bulk metal) carried around for the purpose of transactions. They carried their value within the coins themselves, but the stampings also induced manip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Day
A flag day is a flag-related holiday, a day designated for flying a certain flag (such as a national flag) or a day set aside to celebrate a historical event such as a nation's adoption of its flag. Flag days are usually codified in national statutes passed by Legislature, legislative bodies or parliaments; however, in some countries a decree or proclamation by the head of state or chief executive can also order a flag day. The statute, or the proclamation or decree, may specify locations where flags are to be flown and how (for example, at full- or half-staff); alternatively, custom may prevail. The flag day is naturally a flag-flying day. Specific flag days Nations that are not broadly recognized sovereign states are shown in ''pink''. Defunct states are highlighted in ''light grey''. See also * Flag flying day * National Day * Republic Day * Independence Day * Public holiday Notes External links * {{Commons-inline Flag days, Types of national holidays Flag f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rose Revolution
The Rose Revolution or Revolution of Roses ( ka, ვარდების რევოლუცია, tr) was a nonviolent change of power that occurred in Georgia in November 2003. The event was brought about by widespread protests over the disputed parliamentary elections and culminated in the resignation of President Eduard Shevardnadze, which marked the end of Soviet-era leadership in the country. The revolution derives its name from the climactic moment, when demonstrators led by Mikheil Saakashvili stormed the Parliament session with red roses in hand. The revolution was led by Shevardnadze's former political allies, Mikheil Saakashvili, Nino Burjanadze and Zurab Zhvania. Consisting of twenty days of protests from 3 to 23 November 2003, the Revolution triggered new presidential and parliamentary elections in Georgia, which brought the National Movement– Democrats coalition to the power. The death of Zurab Zhvania in uncertain circumstances and the withdrawal of Nin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikheil Saakashvili
Mikheil "Misha" Saakashvili (born 21 December 1967) is a Georgian and Ukrainian politician and jurist. He was the third president of Georgia for two consecutive terms from 25 January 2004 to 17 November 2013. He is the founder and former chairman of Georgia's United National Movement (Georgia), United National Movement party. From May 2015 until November 2016, Saakashvili was the Governor of Odesa Oblast, governor of Ukraine's Odesa Oblast. After resigning, he was temporarily exiled, but returned in 2019 under a new President. Saakashvili returned to Georgia in 2021, and has been imprisoned there since then. Saakashvili entered Georgian politics in 1995 as a Parliament of Georgia, member of parliament and Ministry of Justice of Georgia, Minister of Justice under President Eduard Shevardnadze. He then founded the opposition United National Movement party. In 2003, as a leading opposition figure, he accused the government of rigging the 2003 Georgian parliamentary election, trigg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United National Movement (Georgia)
United National Movement (UNM; ka, ერთიანი ნაციონალური მოძრაობა, tr) also colloquially known as the Natsebi is a liberal conservative political party in Georgia. Tina Bokuchava serves as the party's chairman, while its honorary chairman Mikheil Saakashvili is considered the de facto leader. UNM's electoral number is 5. UNM was founded by Mikheil Saakashvili in 2001, in opposition to Eduard Shevardnadze's government, rising to power following the Rose Revolution in 2003. During its nine-year rule, UNM implemented several major reforms. The government focused on rooting out corruption and crime, establishing a free market economy, pursuing a pro-Western foreign policy, and regaining territorial integrity. The latter two put it in direct conflict with Russia exploding into a full-on war in 2008 that resulted in 20% of Georgia's territory being occupied by Russia to this day. During its second term, accusations mounted over UNM' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
