Nalayira Divya Prabandham
The Naalayira Divya Prabandham () is a collection of 4,000 Tamil language, Tamil verses composed by the 12 Alvars. It was compiled in its present form by Nathamuni, Nāthamuni during the 9th–10th centuries. The work, an important liturgical compilation of the Tamil Alvars who lived between 5th and 8th Century CE, marks the beginning of the canonisation of 12 ''Vaishnava'' poet saints, and these hymns are still sung extensively today. Description The ''Divya Prabandham'' sings the praises of Narayana (Vishnu) and his many forms. The Alvars sang these songs at various sacred shrines known as the Divya Desams. The Tamil language, Tamil ''Vaishnavites'', also known as ''Ubhaya Vedanti'' follow both the Sanskrit Vedas as well as the Tamil-language ''Tiruvaymoli,'' a work which devotees of Sri Vaishnavism regard as the Tamil Veda. In many temples — Srirangam, for example — the chanting of the Divya Prabandham forms a major part of the daily service. It is also recited in som ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Hypernymy and hyponymy, umbrella term for a range of Indian religions, Indian List of religions and spiritual traditions#Indian religions, religious and spiritual traditions (Sampradaya, ''sampradaya''s) that are unified by adherence to the concept of ''dharma'', a Ṛta, cosmic order maintained by its followers through rituals and righteous living, as expounded in the Vedas. The word ''Hindu'' is an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, it has also been described by the modern term ''Sanātana Dharma'' () emphasizing its eternal nature. ''Vaidika Dharma'' () and ''Arya dharma'' are historical endonyms for Hinduism. Hinduism entails diverse systems of thought, marked by a range of shared Glossary of Hinduism terms, concepts that discuss God in Hinduism, theology, Hindu mythology, mythology, among other topics in Hindu texts, textual sources. Hindu texts have been classified into Śruti () and Smṛti (). The major Hin ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Gopi
Gopi (, ) or Gopika in Hinduism are commonly referred to the group of milkmaids of Braj. They are regarded as the consorts and devotees of Krishna and are venerated for their unconditional love and devotion (''Bhakti'') to him as described in ''Bhagavata Purana'' and other Puranic literature. Gopis are often considered as the expansion of Radha, the chief consort of Krishna. The Raslila of gopis with Krishna has inspired various traditional performance art forms and literatures. Gopi (, ) when used as a male name of Indian origin is a short form of the name Gopala Krishna, literally translates to "cow-protector Krishna" or "Krishna the cowherd". While traditionally used for both genders, it's more commonly used as a male name, especially within the Indian diaspora and communities. According to Indian philosopher Jiva Goswami, gopis are considered as the eternal beloved and manifestations of the internal spiritual potency of Krishna. Among the gopis, Radha is the chief gopi ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Thiruppavai
The ''Tiruppavai'' () is a set of Tamil Hindu hymns attributed to the female poet-saint Andal. The ''Tiruppavai'' consists of thirty stanzas referred to as ''pasurams'' in praise of Perumal. It is a part of the ''Nalayira Divya Prabandham'', a collection of the works of the twelve poet-saints called the Alvars, an important part of the devotional genre of Tamil literature. The ''Tiruppavai'' has also been translated into Telugu by Mullapudi Venkataramana as ''Melupalukula Melukolupu.'' In this work, Andal calls upon to all people to recite the name and glories of Vishnu. Genre The ''Tiruppavai'' belongs to the ''pāvai'' genre of songs. This genre referred to the Tamil tradition of unmarried girls performing rites and upholding a vow (vrata) of their performance throughout the month of ''Margaḻi''. This practice assumes special significance during '' Margaḻi'': each day of this month gets its name from one of the thirty verses. There are references to this vow in the late ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Periyalvar Tirumoli
The ''Periyalvar Tirumoli'' () is a Tamil Hindu work of literature written by Periyalvar, one of the twelve Alvars, the poet-saints of Sri Vaishnavism. Comprising 473 verses, it is part of the compendium of hymns called the ''Nalayira Divya Prabandham'', dating back to the 9th century CE. Hymns A hymn of the ''Periyalvar Tirumoli'' describes the temple of Srirangam as the home of the Dashavatara, as translated by Vasudha Narayanan: Periyalvar also extols Krishna's act of lifting the mountain, Govardhana: See also {{Tamil literature * '' Kanninun Cirutampu'' * ''Periya Tiruvantati The ''Periya Tiruvantati'' ( ) is a compilation of hymns written by Nammalvar, one of the Alvars, the poet-saints of the Sri Vaishnavism, Sri Vaishnava tradition. This work, which is a part of the Naalayira Divya Prabandham, ''Nalayira Divya Praba ...'' * '' Perumal Tirumoli'' References Naalayira Divya Prabandham Tamil Hindu literature Vaishnava texts Tamil-language literature ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Vedanta Desika
Vedanta Desika (1268–1369), also rendered Vedanta Desikan, Swami Vedanta Desika, and Thoopul Nigamantha Desikan, was an Indian polymath who wrote philosophical as well as religious and poetical works in several languages, including Sanskrit, Manipravaḷam (a Sanskritised form of literary Tamil), Tamil and Prakrit. He was an Indian philosopher, Sri Vaishnava guru, and one of the most brilliant stalwarts of Sri Vaishnavism in the post-Ramanuja period. He was a Hindu devotee, poet, Master of Acharyas (''desikan'') and a logician and mathematician. He was the disciple of Kidambi Appullar, also known as Athreya Ramanujachariar, who himself was of a master-disciple lineage that began with Ramanuja. Vedanta Desika is considered to be avatar (incarnation) of the divine bell of Venkateshvara of Tirumala by the Vadakalai sect of Sri Vaishnavism. Vedanta Desika belongs to Vishvamitra/Kaushika gotra. On the occasion of 750th anniversary of the life of Vedanta Desika, the Indian p ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Kanninun Cirutampu
The ''Kanninun Cirutampu'' (), also rendered the ''Kanninun Siruttambu'', is a work of Tamil Hindu literature composed by Madhurakavi Alvar, one of the twelve Alvars, the poet-saints of the Sri Vaishnava tradition. Comprising eleven ''pasurams'' (hymns), the ''Kanninun Cirutampu'' is a tribute to Madhurakavi's acharya, Nammalvar. These hymns are part of the Sri Vaishnava canon, the ''Nalayira Divya Prabandham''. The hymn is notable for praising both Alwarthirunagari Perumal Temple (Thirukkurugur) and its presiding deity (Adi Nathar Perumal) whose "dark" image remains in the Alvar's mind as he sings of his acharya. Legend The ''Kanninun Cirutampu'' is associated with the origin of the ''Nalayira Divya Prabandham''. According to legend, the theologian Nathamuni once heard some people reciting the cantos of ''Āravāmude'' of Nammalvar at Kumbakonam. Captivated by these ''pasurams'' (hymns), he wanted to know more about them. One of the verses also mentioned ''Āyirattul Ippa ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Madhurakavi Alvar
Madhurakavi Alvar was one of the twelve ''Alvars'' saints of South India, who are known for their affiliation to Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. The verses of the ''Alvars'' are compiled as the ''Naalayira Divya Prabandham'' and the 108 temples revered are classified as '' Divya Desams''. Madhurakavi is considered to be the sixth in the line of the twelve Alvars. He was the disciple of Nammalvar, considered to be the greatest among the twelve Alvars, his contributions amounting to 11 among the 4000 stanzas in the ''Naalayira Divya Prabandam''. Madhurakavi is believed to have recorded and compiled the works of Nammalvar, the '' Tiruvaymoli'' (1102 verses). The 11 verses of '' Kanninun Cirutampu'' composed by Madhurakavi Alvar may be considered to be the inspiration for the 4000 verses of ''Naalayira Divya Prabandham''. These verses were chanted by Nathamuni 12,000 times to propitiate Nammalvar and re-obtain the lost Naalayira Divya Prabandham from Nammalvar. As per Hindu legen ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Nammazhwar
Nammalvar was one of the twelve Alvars, Alvar saints of Tamil Nadu, India, who are known for their affiliation to the Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. The verses of the Alvars are compiled as the Nalayira Divya Prabandham, Naalayira Divya Prabandham, where praises are sung of 108 temples that are classified as divine realms, called the Divya Desam, Divya Desams. Nammalvar is considered to be the fifth in the line of the twelve Alvars. He is highly regarded as a great mystic of the Vaishnava tradition. He is also considered to be the foremost among the twelve Alvars, and his contributions amount to 1352 among the 4000 stanzas in the ''Naalayira Divya Prabandam''. According to traditional scriptures, Nammalvar was born in 3059 BCE in Alwarthirunagiri; historically he flourished in 8th century CE. In Hindu legends, Nammalvar remained speechless from the moment of his birth, sitting under a tamarind tree when he first interacted with Madhurakavi Alvar, who saw a bright light shinin ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Alwarthirunagari Temple
Alwarthirunagari Permual Temple is a Hindu temple, dedicated to the god Vishnu, in Alwarthirunagiri, Alwarthirunagari, a town in Thoothukudi district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 26 km from Tirunelveli. Constructed in the Dravidian architecture, Dravidian style of architecture, the temple is glorified in the ''Naalayira Divya Prabandham'', the early medieval Tamil literature, Tamil canon of the Alvars, Alwar saints from the 6th–9th centuries CE. It is one of the 108 ''Divya Desam, Divya Desams'' dedicated to Vishnu, who is worshipped as Adinathar and his consort Lakshmi as Adinathanayaki. The temple is also classified as a Nava Tirupati, Navatirupathi, the nine temples revered by Nammalvar located in the banks of Thamirabarani River, Tamiraparani river. The temple is the most prominent among the nine Nava Tirupati, Navatirupathi temples. The temple is one of the Navagraha temples in Vaishnavism, associated with Jupiter, also known as Brihaspati. A granite wa ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Kumbakonam
Kumbakonam (formerly spelt as Coombaconum or Combaconum), or Kudanthai, is a city municipal corporation in the Thanjavur district in the States of India, Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located from Thanjavur and from Chennai and is the headquarters of the Kumbakonam taluk of Thanjavur district. It is the second largest city in the district after Thanjavur. The city is bounded by two rivers, the Kaveri River to the north and Arasalar River to the south. Kumbakonam is known as a "Temple City" due to the prevalence of a number of Hindu temple, temples here and is noted for its Mahamaham festival, which happens once in 12 years, attracting people from all over the country. Kumbakonam dates back to the Sangam period and was ruled by the Early Cholas, Pallavas, Mutharaiyar dynasty, Medieval Cholas, Later Cholas, Pandyas, the Vijayanagara Empire, Madurai Nayaks, Thanjavur Nayaks and the Thanjavur Marathas. It rose to be a prominent town between the seventh and ninth centuries AD, ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Thirumangai Alvar
Thirumangai Alvar (IAST:' ), also referred to as Thirumangai Mannan is the last of the 12 Alvar saints of south India, who are known for their affiliation to the Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. He is considered one of the most learned Alvars, and the most superior Alvar in the context of composition of verses. Pillai 1994, pp. 192–4 He holds the title ''Narkavi Perumal'', the mark of an excellent poet, and ''Parakala'' (Beyond Time). Though he is respected as a Vaishnava saint-poet, he was born as a Kshatriya and initially worked as a military commander under the cholas, a chieftain, and then a robber. After his conversion to Vaishnavism, he confronted practitioners the sect of Shaivism, as well as Buddhism and Jainism. Dating and hagiography The traditional date attributed to Thirumangai is year 399 of ''Kali Yuga'', that is 2702 or 2706 BCE, making him traditionally the last of the Alvar saints. Chari 1997, p. 10 Modern scholars have placed the Alvars in between 5th to ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Punya (Hinduism)
Punya (), also rendered punyam () is a concept in Hinduism with various definitions. It generally refers to virtue or merit, and the activities that allow one to acquire this attribute, in order to achieve liberation from samsara, the cycle of birth and death in the material world. A single act of vertue which creates a bundle of vertues at a time is called Mahapunya means Mega-vertue. Definitions ''Punya'' is referred to as good ''karma'' or a virtue that contributes benefits in this and the next birth and can be acquired by appropriate means and also accumulated. In Vedanta terms ''punya'' is the invisible wealth, a part of ''dharma'', the first of four human goals; the other three goals being ''artha,'' ''kama, and moksha''. ''Punya'' and '' pāpa'' are the seeds of future pleasure and pain, the former, which sows merits, exhausts itself only through pleasure and the latter, which sows demerits, exhausts itself only through pain; but '' jivan mukti'' ends all karmic debts cons ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |