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Monarchy Of The North
The Monarchy of the North (), officially the Kingdom of Portugal (), was a short-lived counter-revolution against the First Portuguese Republic and a monarchist government that was established in Northern Portugal in early 1919. It was based in Porto and lasted from 19 January to 13 February 1919. The movement is also known by the derogatory term Kingdom of Traulitânia (''Reino da'' ).Lima, Campos (1919). O reino da Traulitânia'. Porto: Edição da Renascença Portuguesa The movement was led by Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro, a prominent member of the Portuguese imperial government, without any sanction from the deposed King of Portugal, Manuel II. Paiva Couceiro, who had led and participated in many previous attempts at restoring the Portuguese monarchy, stated that the revolution was necessary because "if the North does not agree with the South, I will be, until the end, on the side of the faithful to tradition". The revolution's inability to gain strong popular sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Portugal
The national flag of the Portugal, Portuguese Republic, often referred to as the Portuguese flag consists of a rectangular bicolour with a field divided into green on the Flag terminology#Description of standard flag parts and terms, hoist, and red on the Flag terminology#Description of standard flag parts and terms, fly. The version without laurels of the Coat of arms of Portugal, country’s national coat of arms stands in the middle of the armillary sphere, Portuguese armillary sphere and shield, centered over the colour boundary at equal distance. The flag was announced in First Portuguese Republic, 1910, following the 5 October 1910 revolution, inspired by the colours of the Portuguese Republican Party, Republican Party and the design of radical conspiratorial society Carbonária. Its presentation was done on 1 December 1910, after the downfall of the History of Portugal (1834-1910), constitutional monarchy on 5 October 1910. However, it was only on 30 June 1911, that the of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5 October 1910 Revolution
5 October 1910 Revolution () was the overthrow of the centuries-old List of Portuguese monarchs, Portuguese monarchy and its replacement by the First Portuguese Republic. It was the result of a ''coup d'état'' organized by the Portuguese Republican Party. By 1910, the Kingdom of Portugal was in deep crisis: national anger over the 1890 British Ultimatum, the royal family's expenses, the Lisbon Regicide, assassination of the King and his heir in 1908, changing religious and social views, instability of the two political parties (Progressive Party (Portugal), Progressive and Regenerator Party, Regenerator), the dictatorship of João Franco, and the regime's apparent inability to adapt to modern times all led to widespread resentment against the Monarchy. The proponents of the republic, particularly the Republican Party, found ways to take advantage of the situation. The Republican Party presented itself as the only one with a programme capable of regaining Portugal's lost status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
António Sardinha
António Sardinha (9 September 1887 in Monforte, Portalegre – 10 January 1925 in Elvas) was a Portuguese writer and leading theorist of the movement known as Integralismo Lusitano. His worldview was strongly conservative. Early politics Sardinha studied law at the University of Coimbra and graduated in 1911. Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'', 1990, p. 344 During his student years, he was a supporter of republicanism and briefly of anarcho-syndicalism, but by 1911 he had become a strong advocate of monarchism and Catholicism, partly because of the influence of his highly conservative mother. He was also influenced in this regard by the Spanish conservative Juan Vázquez de Mella, who was a close friend of Sardinha from the early 1900s. Integralism He helped found the Integralismo Lusitano movement in 1913, along with José Hipólito Raposo and Alberto de Monsaraz.Anna Klobucka, ''The Portuguese Nun: Formation of a National Myth'', 2000, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Integralismo Lusitano
''Integralismo Lusitano'' (English: "Lusitanian Integralism") was a Portugal, Portuguese integralism, integralist political movement founded in Coimbra in 1914 that advocated Traditionalist conservatism, traditionalism but not conservatism. It was against parliamentary system, parliamentarism but favoured decentralization, national syndicalist, national syndicalism, the Catholic Church in Portugal, Catholic Church and the Kingdom of Portugal, monarchy. Its members included an amalgam of rightists, monarchists, Catholics and nationalists. Origin Lusitanian Integralism is a variant of integralism that evolved in Portugal, the term "Lusitania" being derived from the Latin term for the southern region of what is now Portugal. The movement was created to address the threats of anticlerical liberalism, socialism, populist and revolution. The movement drew inspiration from the French royalist movement ''Action française'' and it considered an authoritarian, nationalist and corpora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisbon
Lisbon ( ; ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 567,131, as of 2023, within its administrative limits and 3,028,000 within the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, metropolis, as of 2025. Lisbon is mainland Europe's westernmost capital city (second overall after Reykjavík, Reykjavik), and the only one along the Atlantic coast, the others (Reykjavik and Dublin) being on islands. The city lies in the western portion of the Iberian Peninsula, on the northern shore of the River Tagus. The western portion of its metro area, the Portuguese Riviera, hosts the westernmost point of Continental Europe, culminating at Cabo da Roca. Lisbon is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world and the second-oldest European capital city (after Athens), predating other modern European capitals by centuries. Settled by pre-Celtic tribes and later founded and civilized by the Phoenicians, Julius Caesar made it a municipium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidónio Pais
Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais (1 May 1872 – 14 December 1918) nicknamed "the President-King" (), was the 4th president of Portugal, serving in 1918. A Portuguese people, Portuguese politician, Officer (armed forces), military officer, and diplomat he served as Prime minister of Portugal, prime minister, Ministry of War (Portugal), minister of war and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Portugal), minister of foreign affairs from 1917 to 1918, Ministry of Finance (Portugal), minister of finance from 1911 to 1912, and Ministry of Planning (Portugal), minister of commerce and public works in 1911. His time in politics turned him into one of the most divisive figures in modern Portuguese history, having been referred to by writer Fernando Pessoa as the "President-King", a description that stuck in later years and symbolizes his regime.Fernando Pessoa (1918). "À memoria do Presidente-Rei Sidónio Pais". Quoted in Darlene Joy Sadler (1998), ''An Introduction to Fernando P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
João Do Canto E Castro
João do Canto e Castro da Silva Antunes (19 May 1862, in Lisbon – 14 March 1934, in Lisbon), commonly known simply as João do Canto e Castro was a Portuguese people, Portuguese Navy officer and the List of Presidents of Portugal, fifth president of Portugal during the First Portuguese Republic. He also briefly served as the 67th prime minister of Portugal. Early life He was the son of General José Ricardo da Costa da Silva Antunes (Lisbon, 7 February 1831 – 7 August 1906) and wife (m. 1860) Maria da Conceição do Canto e Castro Mascarenhas Valdez (24 October 1825 – Lisbon, 20 April 1892). In 1891 he married Mariana de Santo António Moreira Freire Correia Manoel Torres de Aboim (Lisbon, 13 June 1865 – 18 January 1946), sister of the 1st Viscount da Idanha-a-Nova, Idanha and niece of the 1st Viscount de Vila Boim, and had issue. Career He occupied the post of Navy Minister, to which he had been appointed by Sidónio Pais, the "''President-King''" on 9 September 1918, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
João Tamagnini Barbosa
João Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa (30 December 1883 – 15 December 1948), commonly known as João Tamagnini Barbosa (), or Tamagnini Barbosa, was a Portuguese people, Portuguese military officer and politician of the Portuguese First Republic (1910–1926). Biography He served as Minister of Interior, Colonies and Finances during the period known as "''New Republic''", after the coup d'état of the National Republican Party (Portugal), National Republican Party ("National Republican Party (Portugal), Sidonist Party") and the semi-dictatorial government of President/Prime Minister Sidónio Pais, followed by a brief participation in the provisional government of João do Canto e Castro after the assassination of Sidónio Pais. He briefly served as prime minister, after João do Canto e Castro, from 23 December 1918 to 27 January 1919. After the 28 May 1926 revolution that installed the ''Ditadura Nacional'' (National Dictatorship) regime that would be followed by António ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Army
The Portuguese Army () is the land component of the Portuguese Armed Forces, Armed Forces of Portugal and is also its largest branch. It is charged with the defence of Portugal, in co-operation with other branches of the Armed Forces. With its origins going back to the 12th century, it can be considered one of the oldest active armies in the world. The Portuguese Army is commanded by the Chief of Staff of the Army (CEME), a subordinate of the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces for the operational matters and a direct subordinate of the Ministry of National Defence (Portugal), Ministry of National Defense for all other matters. The CEME is the only officer in the Army with the rank of General (Four-star rank). Presently, the Portuguese Army is an entirely professional force made of career personnel (officer (armed forces), officers and Non-commissioned officer, NCOs) and of volunteer personnel (officers, NCOs and enlisted ranks). Until the early 1990s, conscripts con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacifism
Pacifism is the opposition to war or violence. The word ''pacifism'' was coined by the French peace campaigner Émile Arnaud and adopted by other peace activists at the tenth Universal Peace Congress in Glasgow in 1901. A related term is ''ahimsa'' (to do no harm), which is a core philosophy in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. While modern connotations are recent, having been explicated since the 19th century, ancient references abound. In modern times, interest was revived by Leo Tolstoy in his late works, particularly in '' The Kingdom of God Is Within You''. Mahatma Gandhi propounded the practice of steadfast nonviolent opposition which he called " satyagraha", instrumental in its role in the Indian independence movement. Its effectiveness served as inspiration to Martin Luther King Jr., James Lawson, Mary and Charles Beard, James Bevel, Thích Nhất Hạnh,"Searching for the Enemy of Man", in Nhat Nanh, Ho Huu Tuong, Tam Ich, Bui Giang, Pham Cong Thien. ''Dialog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galicia (Spain)
Galicia ( ; or ; ) is an Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Spain and nationalities and regions of Spain, historic nationality under Spanish law. Located in the northwest Iberian Peninsula, it includes the provinces of Spain, provinces of La Coruña (province), A Coruña, Lugo (province), Lugo, Ourense (province), Ourense, and Pontevedra (province), Pontevedra. Galicia is located in Atlantic Europe. It is bordered by Portugal to the south, the Spanish autonomous communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Cantabrian Sea to the north. It had a population of 2,705,833 in 2024 and a total area of . Galicia has over of coastline, including its offshore islands and islets, among them Cíes Islands, Ons Island, Ons, Sálvora, Cortegada Island, which together form the Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park, and the largest and most populated, A Illa de Arousa. The area now called Galicia was first in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
