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Mohs Surgery
Mohs surgery, developed in 1938 by general surgeon Frederic E. Mohs, is microscopically controlled surgery used to treat both common and rare types of skin cancer. During the surgery, after each removal of tissue and while the patient waits, the tissue is examined for cancer cells. That examination dictates the decision for additional tissue removal. Mohs surgery is the gold standard method for obtaining complete margin control during removal of a skin cancer (complete circumferential peripheral and deep margin assessment or CCPDMA) using frozen section histology. CCPDMA or Mohs surgery allows for the removal of a skin cancer with very narrow surgical margin and a high cure rate. The cure rate with Mohs surgery cited by most studies is between 97% and 99.8% for primary basal-cell carcinoma, the most common type of skin cancer. Mohs procedure is also used for squamous cell skin cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, but with a lower cure rate. Recurrent basal-cell cancer has a lower cure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts. The squamous-cell carcinomas of different body sites can show differences in their presented symptoms, natural history, prognosis, and response to treatment. By body location Human papillomavirus infection has been associated with SCCs of the oropharynx, lung, fingers, and anogenital region. Head and neck cancer About 90% of cases of head and neck cancer (cancer of the mouth, nasal cavity, nasopharynx, throat and associated structures) are due to SCC. Skin Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma is the second most common skin cancer, accounting for over 1 million cases in the United States each year. Thyroid Primary squamous-cell carcinoma of the thyroid shows an aggressive biologica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atypical Fibroxanthoma
Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) of the skin is a low-grade malignancy related to malignant fibrous histiocytoma, which it resembles histologically.James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). Saunders. . Atypical fibroxanthoma manifests as a hard, pink or red papule or nodule that grows over the course of several months and may bleed or ulcerate. They typically occur on the head and neck. Atypical fibroxanthoma is usually asymptomatic. The exact cause of atypical fibroxanthoma is unknown. They may originate from myofibroblasts. Ultraviolet light and sun exposure are most likely risk factors. Atypical fibroxanthoma has also been associated with P53 mutations, xeroderma pigmentosum, radiation therapy, trauma, and immunosuppression. Because atypical fibroxanthoma is an uncommon condition that can mimic other disorders, skin biopsy is used to make the diagnosis. Treatment involves surgical excision. Atypical f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BC Cancer Agency
BC Cancer is part of the Provincial Health Services Authority in British Columbia, Canada. Facilities BC Cancer's first cancer treatment centre (then known as the British Columbia Cancer Institute) officially opened in Vancouver on November 5, 1938. BC Cancer operates six regional cancer centres (in Abbotsford, Kelowna, Prince George, Surrey, Vancouver and Victoria) and the BC Cancer Research Centre, with departments in Vancouver and iVictoria All radiotherapy services in British Columbia are provided by the BC Cancer, as well as a majority of chemotherapy services. BC Cancer works with local health authorities across the province to provide cancer clinics in areas remote from the six main cancer centres, to cover rural British Columbia and the Yukon. Projects In 2000, the agency partnered with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center to create the Chinese Women's Health Project that provides culturally competent outreach programs to increase cervical cancer screening ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toluidine Blue Stain
There are three isomers of toluidine, which are organic compounds discovered and named by James Sheridan Muspratt and August Wilhelm von Hofmann in 1845. These isomers are ''o''-toluidine, ''m''-toluidine, and ''p''-toluidine, with the prefixed letter abbreviating, respectively, ''ortho''; ''meta''; and ''para''. All three are aryl amines whose chemical structures are similar to aniline except that a methyl group is substituted onto the benzene ring. The difference between these three isomers is the position where the methyl group (–CH3) is bonded to the ring relative to the amino functional group (–NH2); see illustration of the chemical structures below. The chemical properties of the toluidines are quite similar to those of aniline, and toluidines have properties in common with other aromatic amines. Due to the amino group bonded to the aromatic ring, the toluidines are weakly basic. The toluidines are poorly soluble in pure water but dissolve well in acidic water due to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hematoxylin And Eosin Stain
Hematoxylin and eosin stain (American and British English spelling differences, or haematoxylin and eosin stain or hematoxylin–eosin stain; often abbreviated as H&E stain or HE stain) is one of the principal tissue staining, stains used in histology. It is the most widely used stain in medical diagnosis and is often the ''gold standard (test), gold standard.'' For example, when a pathologist looks at a biopsy of a suspected cancer, the histological section is likely to be stained with H&E. H&E is the combination of two histological stains: hematoxylin and eosin. The hematoxylin stains cell Cell nucleus, nuclei a purplish blue, and eosin stains the extracellular matrix and cytoplasm pink, with other structures taking on different shades, hues, and combinations of these colors. Hence a pathologist can easily differentiate between the nuclear and cytoplasmic parts of a cell, and additionally, the overall patterns of coloration from the stain show the general layout and distribu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryostat
A cryostat (from ''cryo'' meaning cold and ''stat'' meaning stable) is a device used to maintain low cryogenic temperatures of samples or devices mounted within the cryostat. Low temperatures may be maintained within a cryostat by using various refrigeration methods, most commonly using cryogenic fluid bath such as liquid helium.Frank Pobell: ''Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures''. 3rd Edition, Springer 2007, Hence it is usually assembled into a vessel, similar in construction to a vacuum flask or Dewar. Cryostats have numerous applications within science, engineering, and medicine. Types Closed-cycle cryostats Closed-cycle cryostats consist of a chamber through which cold helium vapour is pumped. An external mechanical refrigerator extracts the warmer helium exhaust vapour, which is cooled and recycled. Closed-cycle cryostats consume a relatively large amount of electrical power, but need not be refilled with helium and can run continuously for an indefinite perio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrometre
The micrometre (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American English), also commonly known by the non-SI term micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling (SI standard prefix "micro-" = ); that is, one millionth of a metre (or one thousandth of a millimetre, , or about ). The nearest smaller common SI Unit, SI unit is the nanometre, equivalent to one thousandth of a micrometre, one millionth of a millimetre or one billionth of a metre (). The micrometre is a common unit of measurement for wavelengths of infrared radiation as well as sizes of biological cell (biology), cells and bacteria, and for grading wool by the diameter of the fibres. The width of a single human hair ranges from approximately 20 to . Examples Between 1 μm and 10 μm: * 1–10 μm – length of a typical bacterium * 3–8 μm – width of str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bread Loafing
Bread loafing is a common method of processing surgical specimens for histopathology. The process involves cutting the specimen into 3 or more sections. The cut sections are mounted by embedding in paraffin or frozen medium. The cut edge is then thinly sliced with a microtome or a cryostat. The thin slices are then mounted on a glass slide, stained, and covered with another layer of glass. This method is used to determine the negative resection margin for skin tumors, and is also known as POMA (Post Operative Margin Assessment as referred to by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) is an alliance of 33 cancer centers in the United States, most of which are designated by the National Cancer Institute (one of the U.S. National Institutes of Health) as comprehensive cancer cent ...). It has a higher false negative error rate than the CCPDMA method of tissue processing.Kimjai-Asadi A, et al. Dermatol Surg. 2007 Dec;33(12):1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohs Surgery 2Pacman
Mohs or MoHS can refer to: *Friedrich Mohs, a 19th-century German geologist who developed: **Mohs scale, a scale used in materials science to describe hardness * Frederic E. Mohs, an American doctor who developed: **Mohs surgery, a microscopically controlled surgery highly effective for common types of skin cancer * Erik Mohs, a German professional racing cyclist * Mohs Automobile, an automobile built by the American Mohs Seaplane Corporation * Moanalua High School, a public, co-educational college preparatory high school in Hawaiʻi *The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya, a 2006 anime sci-fi television series * Mount Olive High School, a U.S. public high school in Flanders, New Jersey * Ministry of Health and Sports (Myanmar), a ministry of the government of Myanmar See also * Mho, an alternative name for the Siemens (unit) The siemens (symbol: S) is the unit of electric conductance, electric susceptance, and electric admittance in the International System of Units (SI). Cond ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quadrants
Quadrant may refer to: Companies * Quadrant Cycle Company, 1899 manufacturers in Britain of the Quadrant motorcar * Quadrant (motorcycles), one of the earliest British motorcycle manufacturers, established in Birmingham in 1901 * Quadrant Private Equity, an Australian investment firm * Quadrant Records, an independent record label * Quadrant Televentures Ltd., a subsidiary of Videocon Telecom, India Geography * A quadrant or section in a city street nomenclature system, see Address (geography)#Quadrants * Quadrants of Washington, D.C. Mathematics * Quadrant (circle), a circular sector equal to one-quarter of a circle * Quadrant (plane geometry), a sector of a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system * Quadrant (solid geometry) Military * , a Second World War British/Australian warship * First Quebec Conference, 1943 (codenamed "QUADRANT") * The quadrant sight, an M203 grenade launcher The M203 is a single-shot 40 mm under-barrel grenade launcher designed to attach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ABIM Foundation
Choosing Wisely is a United States–based health educational campaign, led by the ABIM Foundation ( American Board of Internal Medicine), about unnecessary health care. The campaign identifies over 500 tests and procedures and encourages doctors and patients to discuss, research, and possibly get second opinions, before proceeding with them. To conduct the campaign, the ABIM Foundation asks medical specialty societies to make five to ten recommendations for preventing overuse of a treatment in their field. The foundation then publicizes this information, and the medical specialty societies disseminate it to their members. The campaign has garnered both praise and criticism, and some of its ideas have spread to other countries. It does not include evaluation of its effects on costs, on discussions or on medical outcomes. Some doctors have said they lack time for the recommended discussions. History In 2002 the ABIM Foundation published ''Medical professionalism in the new mill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
