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Mkhedruli
The Georgian scripts are the three writing systems used to write the Georgian language: #Asomtavruli, Asomtavruli, #Nuskhuri, Nuskhuri and #Mkhedruli, Mkhedruli. Although the systems differ in appearance, their Letter (alphabet), letters share the same names and alphabetical order and are written horizontally from Writing system#Directionality, left to right. Of the three scripts, Mkhedruli, once the official script of the Kingdom of Georgia and mostly used for the royal charters, is now the standard script for modern Georgian and its related Kartvelian languages, whereas Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri are used only by the Georgian Orthodox Church, in ceremonial religious texts and Iconography#Christian iconography, iconography. It is one of the three Alphabets of the South Caucasus, historical alphabets of the South Caucasus. Georgian scripts are unique in their appearance and their exact origin has never been established; however, in strictly structural terms, their alphabetical or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asomtavruli
The Georgian scripts are the three writing systems used to write the Georgian language: Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri and Mkhedruli. Although the systems differ in appearance, their letters share the same names and alphabetical order and are written horizontally from left to right. Of the three scripts, Mkhedruli, once the official script of the Kingdom of Georgia and mostly used for the royal charters, is now the standard script for modern Georgian and its related Kartvelian languages, whereas Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri are used only by the Georgian Orthodox Church, in ceremonial religious texts and iconography. It is one of the three historical alphabets of the South Caucasus. Georgian scripts are unique in their appearance and their exact origin has never been established; however, in strictly structural terms, their alphabetical order largely corresponds to the Greek alphabet, with the exception of letters denoting uniquely Georgian sounds, which are grouped at the end. Originall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuskhuri
The Georgian scripts are the three writing systems used to write the Georgian language: Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri and Mkhedruli. Although the systems differ in appearance, their letters share the same names and alphabetical order and are written horizontally from left to right. Of the three scripts, Mkhedruli, once the official script of the Kingdom of Georgia and mostly used for the royal charters, is now the standard script for modern Georgian and its related Kartvelian languages, whereas Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri are used only by the Georgian Orthodox Church, in ceremonial religious texts and iconography. It is one of the three historical alphabets of the South Caucasus. Georgian scripts are unique in their appearance and their exact origin has never been established; however, in strictly structural terms, their alphabetical order largely corresponds to the Greek alphabet, with the exception of letters denoting uniquely Georgian sounds, which are grouped at the end. Original ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Language
Georgian (, ) is the most widely spoken Kartvelian language, Kartvelian language family. It is the official language of Georgia (country), Georgia and the native or primary language of 88% of its population. It also serves as the literary language or lingua franca for speakers of related languages. Its speakers today amount to approximately 3.8 million. Georgian is written with its own unique Georgian scripts, alphabet, alphabetical systems of unclear origin. Georgian is most closely related to the Zan languages (Megrelian and Laz language, Laz) and more distantly to Svan language, Svan. Georgian has various dialects, with standard Georgian based on the Kartlian dialect, and all dialects are mutually intelligible. The history of Georgian spans from Early Old Georgian in the 5th century, to Modern Georgian today. Its development as a written language began with the Christianization of Georgia in the 4th century. Georgian phonology features a rich consonant system, including aspi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian (Unicode Block)
Georgian is a Unicode block containing the Mkhedruli and Asomtavruli Georgian characters used to write Modern Georgian, Svan, and Mingrelian languages. Another lower case, Nuskhuri, is encoded in a separate Georgian Supplement Georgian Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters for the ecclesiastical form of the Georgian script, Nuskhuri ( ka, ნუსხური). To write the full ecclesiastical Khutsuri orthography, the Asomtavruli The Georgian scr ... block, which is used with the Asomtavruli to write the ecclesiastical Khutsuri Georgian script. ''Mtavruli'', large versions of Mkhedruli used in all-caps text, are found in the Georgian Extended block, although Georgian is generally unicameral and both upper cases are nonstandard. Block History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Georgian block: References {{Georgian language Unicode blocks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mingrelian Language
The Mingrelian or Megrelian language ( ) is a Kartvelian language spoken in Western Georgia (regions of Mingrelia and Abkhazia), primarily by the Mingrelians. Mingrelian has historically been only a regional language within the boundaries of historical Georgian states and then modern Georgia, and the number of younger people speaking it has decreased substantially, with UNESCO designating it as a "definitely endangered language". Distribution and status No reliable figure exists for the number of native speakers of Mingrelian, but it is estimated to be between 300,000 and 500,000. Most speakers live in the Mingrelia (or Samegrelo and formerly Odishi) region of Georgia, which comprises the Odishi Hills and the Colchis Lowlands, from the Black Sea coast to the Svan Mountains and the Tskhenistskali River. Smaller enclaves existed in Abkhazia, but the ongoing civil unrest there has displaced many Mingrelian speakers to other regions of Georgia. Their geographical distribution i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laz Language
The Laz or Lazuri language () is a Kartvelian languages, Kartvelian language spoken by the Laz people on the southeastern shore of the Black Sea. In 2007, it was estimated that there were around 20,000 native speakers in Turkey, in a strip of land extending from Melyat to the Georgian border (officially called Lazistan until 1925), and around 1,000 native speakers around Adjara in Georgia (country), Georgia. There are also around 1,000 native speakers of Laz in Germany. Laz is not historically a written language or literary language. As of 1989, Benninghaus could write that the Laz themselves had no interest in writing in Laz. Classification Laz is one of the four Kartvelian languages also known as South Caucasian languages. Along with Mingrelian language, Mingrelian, it forms the Zan languages, Zan branch of this Kartvelian languages, Kartvelian language family. The two languages are very closely related, to the extent that some linguists refer to Mingrelian and Laz as dial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Extended
Georgian Extended is a Unicode block containing Georgian ''Mtavruli'' ( ka, მთავრული, "title" or "heading") letters that function as uppercase versions of their ''Mkhedruli'' counterparts in the Georgian block. Unlike all other casing scripts in Unicode, there is no title casing between ''Mkhedruli'' and ''Mtavruli'' letters, because ''Mtavruli'' is typically used only in all-caps In typography, text or font in all caps (short for "all capitals") contains capital letters without any lowercase letters. For example: All-caps text can be seen in legal documents, advertisements, newspaper headlines, and the titles on book co ... text, although there have been some historical attempts at capitalization. Block History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Georgian Extended block: References {{Georgian language Unicode blocks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grakliani Hill
Grakliani Hill ( ka, გრაკლიანი გორა, ''Grakliani Gora'') is an Archaeology, archaeological excavation site in eastern Georgia (country), Georgia near Kaspi, showing evidence of human presence possibly going back 300,000 years. The site was discovered in 2007, during work to widen the Tbilisi-Senaki-Leselidze highway. Research is being done by students and faculty from Tbilisi State University. In 2015, a supposed script was discovered on the altar of a fertility goddess's temple, predating those previously known in the area by at least a thousand years. Layout The site contains a temple to a fertility goddess from the seventh century BCE, a pit-type burial cemetery from the early Bronze Age, and the remains of a building from around 450-350 BCE; the building consists of three rooms with three storage rooms. The site had been occupied between the Chalcolithic and the Hellenistic period, Late Hellenistic periods. Discoveries The excavation of layers yie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Orthodox Church
The Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს სამოციქულო ავტოკეფალური მართლმადიდებელი ეკლესია, tr), commonly known as the Georgian Orthodox Church or the Orthodox Church of Georgia, is an autocephaly, autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox church in full communion with the other churches of Eastern Orthodoxy. It is Georgia (country), Georgia's dominant religious institution, and a majority of Georgian people are members. The Orthodox Church of Georgia is one of the oldest churches in the world. It asserts Apostles in the New Testament, apostolic foundation, and that its historical roots can be traced to the early and late Christianization of Iberia and Colchis by Andrew the Apostle in the 1st century AD and by Saint Nino in the 4th century AD, respectively. As in similar autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian churches, the chu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Supplement
Georgian Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters for the ecclesiastical form of the Georgian script, Nuskhuri ( ka, ნუსხური). To write the full ecclesiastical Khutsuri orthography, the Asomtavruli The Georgian scripts are the three writing systems used to write the Georgian language: Asomtavruli, Nuskhuri and Mkhedruli. Although the systems differ in appearance, their letters share the same names and alphabetical order and are written ... capitals encoded in the Georgian block. Block History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Georgian Supplement block: References {{Georgian language Unicode blocks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bats Language
Bats (, or , ), also known as Batsbi, Batsi, Batsb, Batsaw, or Tsova-Tush) is the endangered language of the Bats people, a North Caucasian minority group living in the Republic of Georgia. Batsbi is part of the Nakh branch of Northeast Caucasian languages. It had 2,500 to 3,000 speakers in 1975, with only one dialect. Batsbi is only used for spoken communication, as Bats people tend to use Georgian when writing. History Tusheti, the northeastern mountainous region of Georgia, is home to four tribes that consider themselves Tushetians: the Batsbi (also known as Tsovatush), the Gometsari, the Piriqiti, and the Chagma-Tush. Tsovatush people make up 50% of Tushetians. Only several hundred Tsovatush people speak Batsbi, whereas the other tribes (Gometsari, Piriqiti and Chagma-Tush) have lost the language. Evidence from toponymics indicates that the other three Tushetian tribes formerly spoke Batsbi, suggesting that all Tushetians once did and over time the Georgian language re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
