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Methylidynephosphane
Methylidynephosphane (phosphaethyne) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It was the first phosphaalkyne compound discovered, containing the unusual C≡P carbon-phosphorus triple bond. Although isolated samples of methylidynephosphane are impractical, other derivatives have been well studied such as ''tert''-butylphosphaacetylene. The conjugate base of methylidynephosphane is cyaphide. Description Methylidynephosphane is the phosphorus analogue of hydrogen cyanide, with the nitrile nitrogen replaced by phosphorus. Methylidynephosphane can be synthesized via the reaction of phosphine with carbon, but it is extremely reactive and polymerises readily at temperatures above −120 °C. However, several types of derivatives, with bulky groups, such as ''tert''-butyl or trimethylsilyl, substituted for the hydrogen atom, are much more stable, and are useful reagents for the synthesis of various organophosphorus compounds. The (cyaphate) and (thiocyaphate) anions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vera Bogdanovskaia
Vera Yevstafievna Popova, Vera Bogdanovskaya (; 17 September 1867 – 8 May 1896) was a Russian chemist. She was one of the first female chemists in Russia, and the first Russian female author of a chemistry textbook. She "probably became the first woman to die in the cause of chemistry" as a result of an explosion in her laboratory. Early life and education Vera Bogdanovskaya was born in 1867 in Saint Petersburg. Her father, Evstafy Ivanovich Bogdanovsky, was a professor of surgery. Her parents arranged for their three children to be educated at home. In 1878, she began studying at the Smolny Institute at the age of 11. Starting in 1883 she spent four years at the Bestuzhev Courses and after this she worked for two years in laboratories at the Academy of Sciences and the Military Surgical Academy. In 1889 Bogdanovskaya left Russia for Switzerland, where she undertook a doctorate in chemistry at the University of Geneva. She defended her research into dibenzyl ketone in 1892. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phosphaalkyne
In chemistry, a phosphaalkyne (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, IUPAC name: alkylidynephosphane) is an organophosphorus compound containing a triple bond between phosphorus and carbon with the general chemical formula . Phosphaalkynes are the heavier congeners of nitriles, though, due to the similar electronegativities of phosphorus and carbon, possess reactivity patterns reminiscent of alkynes. Due to their high reactivity, phosphaalkynes are not found naturally on earth, but the simplest phosphaalkyne, Methylidynephosphane, phosphaethyne () has been observed in the interstellar medium. Synthesis From phosphine gas The first of preparation of a phosphaalkyne was achieved in 1961 when Thurman Gier produced phosphaethyne by passing phosphine gas at low pressure over an electric arc produced between two carbon electrodes. Condensation of the gaseous products in a −196 °C (−321 °F) trap revealed that the reaction had produced acetylene, ethylene, phosphaeth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tert-butyl
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula , derived from either of the two isomers (''n''-butane and isobutane) of butane. The isomer ''n''-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups: * If it connects at one of the two terminal carbon atoms, it is normal butyl or ''n''-butyl: (preferred IUPAC name: butyl) * If it connects at one of the non-terminal (internal) carbon atoms, it is secondary butyl or ''sec''-butyl: (preferred IUPAC name: butan-2-yl) The second isomer of butane, isobutane, can also connect in two ways, giving rise to two additional groups: * If it connects at one of the three terminal carbons, it is isobutyl: (preferred IUPAC name: 2-methylpropyl) * If it connects at the central carbon, it is tertiary butyl, ''tert''-butyl or ''t''-butyl: (preferred IUPAC name: ''tert''-butyl) Nomenclature According to IUPAC nomenclature, "isobutyl", "''sec''-butyl", and "''tert'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DuPont (1802–2017)
Dupont, DuPont, Du Pont, duPont, or du Pont may refer to: People * Dupont (surname), a surname of French origin * Du Pont family, one of the wealthiest families in the United States Companies * DuPont, one of the world's largest chemical companies * Du Pont Motors, a marine engine and automobile manufacturer from 1919 to 1931 * Dupont Brewery, a brewery in Belgium Places in the United States * Dupont, Colorado, an unincorporated community * Du Pont, Georgia, a town * Dupont, Indiana, a town * Dupont, Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, an unincorporated community * Dupont, Ohio, a village * Dupont, Pennsylvania, a borough * Dupont, Tennessee, a community * DuPont, Washington, a city * Dupont, Wisconsin, a town * DuPont State Forest, North Carolina * Fort DuPont, Delaware Transportation * Dupont station, a subway station in Toronto, Canada * DuPont station (Sound Transit), a planned commuter rail station in DuPont, Washington, US * Dupont Circle station, a subway station ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interstellar Medium
The interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the outer space, space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, as well as cosmic dust, dust and cosmic rays. It fills interstellar space and blends smoothly into the surrounding intergalactic medium. The energy that occupies the same volume, in the form of electromagnetic radiation, is the interstellar radiation field. Although the density of atoms in the ISM is usually far below that in the best laboratory vacuums, the mean free path between collisions is short compared to typical interstellar lengths, so on these scales the ISM behaves as a gas (more precisely, as a Plasma (physics), plasma: it is everywhere at least slightly ionized), responding to pressure forces, and not as a collection of non-interacting particles. The interstellar medium is composed of multiple phases distinguished by whether matter is ionic, atomic, or molecular, and the temp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anion
An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convention. The net charge of an ion is not zero because its total number of electrons is unequal to its total number of protons. A cation is a positively charged ion with fewer electrons than protons (e.g. K+ ( potassium ion)) while an anion is a negatively charged ion with more electrons than protons (e.g. Cl− ( chloride ion) and OH− ( hydroxide ion)). Opposite electric charges are pulled towards one another by electrostatic force, so cations and anions attract each other and readily form ionic compounds. Ions consisting of only a single atom are termed ''monatomic ions'', ''atomic ions'' or ''simple ions'', while ions consisting of two or more atoms are termed polyatomic ions or ''molecular ions''. If only a + or − is present, it indi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chem , a place in Finland
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Chem may refer to: *Chemistry *Chemical * ''Chem'' (journal), a scientific journal published by Cell Press *Post apocalyptic slang for "drugs", medicinal or otherwise in the Fallout video game series. In Ancient Egyptian usage: * ''Khem'' (also spelt ''Chem''), the Egyptian word for "black" *Min (god), in the past erroneously named ''Khem'' CHEM may refer to : *A metabolic panel: for instance, CHEM-7, which is the basic metabolic panel * CHEM-DT, a Canadian television channel See also * Chemo (other) * Kem (other) *Kemi Kemi (; ; ; ) is a cities of Finland, town and municipalities of Finland, municipality of Finland. It is located approximately from the city of Tornio and the Finland–Sweden border, Swedish border. The distance to Oulu is to the south and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organophosphorus Compound
Organophosphorus chemistry is the scientific study of the synthesis and properties of organophosphorus compounds, which are organic compounds containing phosphorus. They are used primarily in pest control as an alternative to chlorinated hydrocarbons that persist in the environment. Some organophosphorus compounds are highly effective insecticides, although some are extremely toxic to humans, including sarin and VX (nerve agent), VX nerve agents. Phosphorus, like nitrogen, is in pnictogen, group 15 of the periodic table, and thus phosphorus compounds and nitrogen compounds have many similar properties. The definition of organophosphorus compounds is variable, which can lead to confusion. In industrial and environmental chemistry, an organophosphorus compound need contain only an organic substituent, but need not have a direct phosphorus-carbon (P-C) bond. Thus a large proportion of pesticides (e.g., malathion), are often included in this class of compounds. Phosphorus can adopt a v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trimethylsilyl
A trimethylsilyl group (abbreviated TMS) is a functional group in organic chemistry. This group consists of three methyl groups bonded to a silicon atom [−Si(CH3)3], which is in turn bonded to the rest of a molecule. This structural group is characterized by Chemically inert, chemical inertness and a large molecular volume, which makes it useful in a number of applications. A trimethylsilyl group bonded to a methyl group forms tetramethylsilane, which is abbreviated as TMS as well. Compounds with trimethylsilyl groups are not normally found in nature. Chemists sometimes use a trimethylsilylating reagent to derivatize rather non-volatile compounds such as certain Alcohol (chemistry), alcohols, phenols, or carboxylic acids by substituting a trimethylsilyl group for a hydrogen in the hydroxyl groups on the compounds. This way Silyl ether, trimethylsiloxy groups [−O-Si(CH3)3] are formed on the molecule. A couple of examples of trimethylsilylating agents include trimethyls ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyaphide
Cyaphide, , is the phosphorus analogue of cyanide. It is not known as a discrete salt; however, ''in silico'' measurements reveal that the −1 charge in this ion is located mainly on carbon (0.65), as opposed to phosphorus. The word "cyaphide" was first coined in 1992, by analogy with cyanide. Preparation Organometallic complexes of cyaphide were first reported in 1992. More recent preparations use two other routes: From -functionalised phosphaalkynes Treatment of the η1-coordinated phosphaalkyne complex ''trans''– with an alkoxide resulted in desilylation, followed by subsequent rearrangement to the corresponding carbon-bound cyaphide complex. Cyaphide-alkynyl complexes are prepared similarly. From 2-phosphaethynolate anion () An actinide cyaphide complex can be prepared by C−O bond cleavage of the phosphaethynolate anion, the phosphorus analogue of cyanate. Reaction of the uranium complex [] with [ in the presence of 2.2.2-cryptand results in the formation of a d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
