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Meta-religion
Meta-religion is a theoretical framework developed to compare and understand various world religions by identifying common principles and values that transcend individual traditions. It promotes a rational and critical examination of religious beliefs and practices, seeking a unified perspective that integrates diverse religious experiences. Scholars have used this concept to encourage dialogue between different faiths. In Islamic thought, meta-religion has been particularly influential, offering a way to harmonize varied religious experiences under a single, comprehensive framework. Key characteristics Meta-religion is characterized by its emphasis on rational and critical analysis of religious traditions. Rather than evaluating a religion based on preconceptions, it encourages examination through historical and logical reasoning. The framework also considers the possibility that multiple religions might share a common divine origin, expressed through different cultural and hist ...
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Ismail Al-Faruqi
Ismaʿil Raji al-Faruqi (, ; January 1, 1921 – May 27, 1986) was a Palestinian-American Muslim philosopher and scholar of religion. He contributed significantly to Islamic studies, ethics, and interfaith dialogue, and is best known for pioneering the Islamization of knowledge and articulating ''tawhid'' (monotheism) as a comprehensive worldview. He proposed a model of meta-religion based on shared ethical values and the universal concept of divine unity. Following his early education in Jaffa, al-Faruqi studied philosophy and theology at the American University of Beirut, Indiana University, and Al-Azhar University in Cairo. He taught at McGill University in Canada, then in Pakistan, and later at Syracuse University, where he produced the ''Historical Atlas of the Religions of the World'' (1974), a widely referenced work. He subsequently joined Temple University, where he founded and chaired the Islamic Studies program. A prolific author, he published over 100 scholarly ar ...
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Philosophy Of Religion
Philosophy of religion is "the philosophical examination of the central themes and concepts involved in religious traditions". Philosophical discussions on such topics date from ancient times, and appear in the earliest known Text (literary theory), texts concerning philosophy. The field involves many other branches of philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of language, and philosophy of science.Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy"Philosophy of Religion." The philosophy of religion differs from religious philosophy in that it seeks to discuss questions regarding the nature of religion as a whole, rather than examining the problems brought forth by a particular belief system, belief-system. The philosophy of religion differs from theology in that it aims to examine religious concepts from an objective philosophical perspective rather than from the perspective of a specific religious tradition. The philosophy of religion also differs ...
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Comparative Religion
Comparative religion is the branch of the study of religions with the systematic comparison of the doctrines and practices, themes and impacts (including human migration, migration) of the world's religions. In general the comparative study of religion yields a deeper understanding of the fundamental philosophical concerns of religion such as ethics, metaphysics and the nature and forms of salvation. It also considers and compares the origins and similarity (philosophy), similarities shared between the various religions of the world. Studying such material facilitates a broadened and more sophisticated understanding of human beliefs and practices regarding the sacred, numinous, Spirituality, spiritual and Divinity, divine. In the field of comparative religion, a common geographical classification of the Major religious groups, main world religions distinguishes groups such as Religion in the Middle East, Middle Eastern religions (including Abrahamic religions and Iranian rel ...
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Religious Studies
Religious studies, also known as religiology or the study of religion, is the study of religion from a historical or scientific perspective. There is no consensus on what qualifies as ''religion'' and definition of religion, its definition is highly contested. It describes, compares, interprets, and explains religion, emphasizing empirical, historically based, and cross-cultural perspectives. While theology attempts to understand the Transcendence (religion), transcendent or supernatural according to traditional religious accounts, religious studies takes a more scientific and objective approach, independent of any particular religious viewpoint. Religious studies thus draws upon multiple academic disciplines and methodologies including Anthropology of religion, anthropology, Sociology of religion, sociology, Psychology of religion, psychology, Philosophy of religion, philosophy, and history of religion. Religious studies originated in Modern Europe, 19th-century Europe, when B ...
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Interfaith Dialogue
Interfaith dialogue, also known as interreligious dialogue, refers to cooperative, constructive, and positive interaction between people of different religion, religious traditions (i.e. "faiths") and/or spirituality, spiritual or humanism, humanistic beliefs, at both the individual and institutional levels. Throughout the world there are local, regional, national and international interfaith initiatives; many are formally or informally linked and constitute larger networks or federations. These include organisations such as the United Religions Initiative, the Parliament of the World's Religions, and interfaith training institutions like OneSpirit Interfaith Foundation in the United Kingdom, which since 1996 has prepared interfaith ministers for community service, spiritual accompaniment, and inclusive ceremony. The often quoted statement "There will be no peace among the nations without peace among the religions. There will be no peace among the religions without dialogue am ...
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Theology
Theology is the study of religious belief from a Religion, religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an Discipline (academia), academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the supernatural, but also deals with religious epistemology, asks and seeks to answer the question of revelation. Revelation pertains to the acceptance of God, gods, or deity, deities, as not only transcendent or above the natural world, but also willing and able to interact with the natural world and to reveal themselves to humankind. Theologians use various forms of analysis and argument (Spirituality, experiential, philosophy, philosophical, ethnography, ethnographic, history, historical, and others) to help understanding, understand, explanation, explain, test, critique, defend or promote any myriad of List of religious topics, religious topics. As in philosophy of ethics and case law, arguments ...
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