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Megaloceros
''Megaloceros'' (from Greek: + , literally "Great Horn"; see also Lister (1987)) is an extinct genus of deer whose members lived throughout Eurasia from the Pleistocene to the early Holocene. The type and only undisputed member of the genus, '' Megaloceros giganteus'', vernacularly known as the "Irish elk" or "giant deer", is also the best known. Fallow deer are thought to be their closest living relatives. ''Megaloceros'' has been suggested to be closely related to other genera of "giant deer", like the East Asian genus '' Sinomegaceros,'' and the European '' Praemegaceros''. Nomenclatural history '' Megaloceros giganteus'' was originally described in 1799 as ''Alce gigantea'' by Johann Friedrich Blumenbach based on specimens found in Ireland. With ''Alce'' being a variant of the genus '' Alces'' used for elk/moose.''Blumenbach J. 1799. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte' (6th Ed.) 16: 697'' In 1827 Joshua Brookes, in a listing of his zoological collection, named the ''Mega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megaloceros Giganteus
The Irish elk (''Megaloceros giganteus''), also called the giant deer or Irish deer, is an extinct species of deer in the genus ''Megaloceros'' and is one of the largest deer that ever lived. Its range extended across northern Eurasia during the Pleistocene, from Ireland (where it is known from abundant remains found in bogs) to Lake Baikal in Siberia. The most recent remains of the species have been radiocarbon dated to about 7,700 years ago in western Russia.Supplementary information Erratum in Its antlers, which can span across are the largest known of any deer. It is not closely related to either living species called the elk, with it being widely agreed that its closest living relatives are fallow deer (''Dama''). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Elk
The Irish elk (''Megaloceros giganteus''), also called the giant deer or Irish deer, is an extinct species of deer in the genus '' Megaloceros'' and is one of the largest deer that ever lived. Its range extended across northern Eurasia during the Pleistocene, from Ireland (where it is known from abundant remains found in bogs) to Lake Baikal in Siberia. The most recent remains of the species have been radiocarbon dated to about 7,700 years ago in western Russia.International Code of Zoological Nomenclature">International Code of Zoological Nomenclature">/nowiki>International Code of Zoological Nomenclature/nowiki> (article 12) to validate ''Megalocerus''." The original spelling of ''Megalocerus'' was never used after its original publication.In 1844, Richard Owen named another synonym of the Irish elk, including it within the newly named subgenus ''Megaceros'', ''Cervus'' (''Megaceros'') ''hibernicus''. This has been suggested to be derived from another junior synonym of the Iris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megaloceros Antler
''Megaloceros'' (from Greek: + , literally "Great Horn"; see also Lister (1987)) is an extinct genus of deer whose members lived throughout Eurasia from the Pleistocene to the early Holocene. The type and only undisputed member of the genus, ''Megaloceros giganteus'', vernacularly known as the "Irish elk" or "giant deer", is also the best known. Fallow deer are thought to be their closest living relatives. ''Megaloceros'' has been suggested to be closely related to other genera of "giant deer", like the East Asian genus ''Sinomegaceros,'' and the European ''Praemegaceros''. Nomenclatural history ''Megaloceros giganteus'' was originally described in 1799 as ''Alce gigantea'' by Johann Friedrich Blumenbach based on specimens found in Ireland. With ''Alce'' being a variant of the genus ''Alces'' used for elk/moose.''Blumenbach J. 1799. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte' (6th Ed.) 16: 697'' In 1827 Joshua Brookes, in a listing of his zoological collection, named the ''Megaloceros'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinomegaceros
''Sinomegaceros'' is an extinct genus of deer known from the Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene to Late Pleistocene of Central and East Asia. It is considered to be part of the group of "giant deer" (often referred to collectively as members of the tribe Megacerini), with a close relationship to ''Megaloceros''. Many members of the genus are noted for their distinctive palmate antler brow tines. Taxonomy The first species of the genus ''S. ordosianus'' and ''S. pachyosteus'' were named by pioneering Chinese paleontologist Yang Zhongjian, C. C. Young as species of ''Cervus'' in 1932 for material from Zhoukoudian. In a review of the paper the subsequent year Dietrich created the name ''Sinomegaceros'' as a subgenus of ''Cervus'' to house the species, with ''S. pachyosteus'' as the type species. Due to the fact that the name was not published in a formal research paper, it was not widely used for several decades after publication. The species ''S. yabei'' was named in 1938. In the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praemegaceros
''Praemegaceros'' is an extinct genus of deer, known from the Pleistocene and Holocene of Western Eurasia. ''Praemegaceros'' is considered to be a genus of "giant deer", with many species having an estimated body mass of around , considerably larger than most living deer. The genus contains the subgenera ''Praemegaceros,'' ''Orthogonoceros'' and ''Nesoleipoceros''. It has sometimes been synonymised with '' Megaloceros'' and '' Megaceroides'', but is regarded as a distinct genus by most studies. Some authors have considered the genus closely related to ''Megaloceros'', but this has been disputed by others. The earliest species like ''P. obscurus'' and ''P. verticornis'' appeared in Europe between 2 and 1.5 million years ago. The genus was widely distributed across Europe, West and Central Asia during the Early-Middle Pleistocene, with fossils having been discovered in France, Georgia, Germany, England, Greece, Israel, Italy, Romania, Russia Spain, Syria, and Tajikistan. The genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deer
A deer (: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family). Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes, among others, muntjac, elk (wapiti), red deer, and fallow deer) and Capreolinae (which includes, among others reindeer (caribou), white-tailed deer, roe deer, and moose). Male deer of almost all species (except the water deer), as well as female reindeer, grow and shed new antlers each year. These antlers are bony extensions of the skull and are often used for combat between males. The musk deer ( Moschidae) of Asia and chevrotains ( Tragulidae) of tropical African and Asian forests are separate families that are also in the ruminant clade Ruminantia; they are not especially closely related to Cervidae. Deer appear in art from Paleolithic cave paintings onwards, and they have played a role in mythology, religion, and literature throughout history, as well as in heraldry, such as red deer that app ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dama (genus)
Fallow deer is the common name for species of deer in the genus ''Dama'' of subfamily Cervinae. There are two living species, the European fallow deer (''Dama dama''), native to Europe and Anatolia, and the Persian fallow deer (''Dama mesopotamica''), native to the Middle East. The European species has been widely introduced elsewhere. Name The name fallow is derived from the deer's pale brown colour. The Latin word or , used for roe deer, gazelles, and antelopes, lies at the root of the modern scientific name, as well as the German , French , Dutch ', and Italian '. In Serbo-Croatian, the name for the fallow deer is ''jelen lopatar'' ("shovel deer"), due to the form of its antlers. The Modern Hebrew name of the fallow deer is (). Description The Persian fallow deer is the larger of the two living species, with an average body mass of around , and a shoulder height of around Khademi TGA review of the biological status of persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica), a precio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cervinae
The Cervinae or the Old World deer, are a subfamily of deer. Alternatively, they are known as the plesiometacarpal deer, due to having lost the parts of the second and fifth metacarpal bones closest to the foot (though retaining the parts away from the foot), distinct from the telemetacarpal deer of the Capreolinae (which have instead retained these parts of those metacarpals, while losing the parts away from the foot instead). Classification and species The following species are recognised in extant genera:Alvarez D. (2007) * Tribe Muntiacini ** Genus '' Elaphodus'' *** Tufted deer (''E. cephalophus'') ** Genus '' Muntiacus'' *** Bornean yellow muntjac (''M. atherodes'') *** Hairy-fronted muntjac (''M. crinifrons'') *** Fea's muntjac (''M. feae'') *** Gongshan muntjac (''M. gongshanensis'') *** Indian muntjac (''M. muntjak'') *** Sumatran muntjac (''M. montanum'') *** Pu Hoat muntjac (''M. puhoatensis'') *** Leaf muntjac (''M. putaoensis'') *** Reeves's muntjac (''M. re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holocene
The Holocene () is the current geologic time scale, geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago. It follows the Last Glacial Period, which concluded with the Holocene glacial retreat. The Holocene and the preceding Pleistocene together form the Quaternary period. The Holocene is an interglacial period within the ongoing Ice age, glacial cycles of the Quaternary, and is equivalent to Marine isotope stages, Marine Isotope Stage 1. The Holocene correlates with the last maximum axial tilt towards the Sun of the Earth#Axial tilt and seasons, Earth's obliquity. The Holocene corresponds with the rapid proliferation, growth, and impacts of the human species worldwide, including Recorded history, all of its written history, technological revolutions, development of major civilizations, and overall significant transition towards urban culture, urban living in the present. The human impact on modern-era Earth and its ecosystems may be considered of global significance for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fallow Deer
Fallow deer is the common name for species of deer in the genus ''Dama'' of subfamily Cervinae. There are two living species, the European fallow deer (''Dama dama''), native to Europe and Anatolia, and the Persian fallow deer (''Dama mesopotamica''), native to the Middle East. The European species has been widely introduced elsewhere. Name The name fallow is derived from the deer's Fallow (color), pale brown colour. The Latin language, Latin word or , used for roe deer, gazelles, and antelopes, lies at the root of the modern scientific name, as well as the German language, German , French language, French , Dutch language, Dutch ', and Italian language, Italian '. In Serbo-Croatian language, Serbo-Croatian, the name for the fallow deer is ''jelen lopatar'' ("shovel deer"), due to the form of its antlers. The Modern Hebrew name of the fallow deer is (). Description The Persian fallow deer is the larger of the two living species, with an average body mass of around , and a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct
Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and recover. As a species' potential Range (biology), range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxon, Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the Fossil, fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. Over five billion species are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryotes globally, possibly many times more if microorganisms are included. Notable extinct animal species include Dinosaur, non-avian dinosaurs, Machairodontinae, saber-toothed cats, and mammoths. Through evolution, species arise through the process of specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Owen
Sir Richard Owen (20 July 1804 – 18 December 1892) was an English biologist, comparative anatomy, comparative anatomist and paleontology, palaeontologist. Owen is generally considered to have been an outstanding naturalist with a remarkable gift for interpreting fossils. Owen produced a vast array of scientific work, but is probably best remembered today for coining the word ''Dinosauria'' (meaning "Terrible Reptile" or "Fearfully Great Reptile"). An outspoken critic of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, Owen agreed with Darwin that evolution occurred but thought it was more complex than outlined in Darwin's ''On the Origin of Species''.[''Wikipedia:Citing sources, page range too broad''] Owen's approach to evolution can be considered to have anticipated the issues that have gained greater attention with the recent emergence of evolutionary developmental biology. Owen was the first president of the Microscopical Society of London in 1839 and edited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
