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Meadow Fescue
''Lolium pratense'', meadow fescue is a perennial species of grass, which is often used as an ornamental in gardens, and is also an important forage crop. It grows in meadows, roadsides, old pastures, and riversides on moist, rich soils, especially on loamy and heavy soils. Most publications have used the names ''Festuca pratensis'' or, more recently, ''Schedonorus pratensis'' for this species, but DNA studies appear to have settled a long debate that it should be included within the genus ''Lolium'' instead. Description Meadow fescue is a tuft-forming perennial (called a bunchgrass in the US), with erect to spreading hollow flowering stems up to about 1 m (3 ft) tall (exceptionally up to 120 cm) which are quite hairless (glabrous), including the leaf sheaths. At the top of the sheath is a short (1 mm) ligule and pointed auricles that can wrap slightly around the stem. The leaf blade is flat, up to about 8 mm wide, and also glabrous, but rough on the top ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
William Hudson (botanist)
William Hudson Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (1730 in Kendal – 23 May 1793) was a British botanist and apothecary based in London. His main work was ''Flora Anglica'', published in 1762. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1761. Life and work Hudson was born between 1730 and 1732 at the White Lion Inn, Kendal, which was kept by his father. He was educated at Kirkbie Kendal School, Kendal grammar school, Hudson was subsequently apprenticed to an apothecary in London. He obtained the prize for botany given by the Apothecaries' Company which was a copy of John Ray, Ray's ''Synopsis''. However, he also paid attention to mollusca and insects and in Thomas Pennant, Pennant's ''British Zoology'' he is mentioned as the discoverer of ''Trochus terrestris''. From 1757 to 1768 Hudson was resident sub-librarian of the British Museum, and his studies in the Chelsea Physic Garden, Sloane herbarium enabled him to adapt the Linnean nomenclature to the plants described by Ray ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Spikelet
A spikelet, in botany, describes the typical arrangement of the inflorescences of grasses, sedges and some other monocots. Each spikelet has one or more florets. The spikelets are further grouped into panicles or spikes. The part of the spikelet that bears the florets is called the rachilla. In grasses In Poaceae, the grass family, a spikelet consists of two (or sometimes fewer) bracts at the base, called glumes, followed by one or more florets. A floret consists of the flower surrounded by two bracts, one external (the lemma) and one internal (the palea). The perianth is reduced to two scales, called lodicules, that expand and contract to spread the lemma and palea; these are generally interpreted to be modified sepals. The flowers are usually hermaphroditic — maize being an important exception — and mainly anemophilous or wind-pollinated, although insects occasionally play a role. Lemma Lemma is a phytomorphological term referring to a part of the spikelet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Juncus Acutiflorus
''Juncus'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants, commonly known as rushes. It is the largest genus in the family Juncaceae, containing around 300 species. Description Rushes of the genus ''Juncus'' are herbaceous plants that superficially resemble grasses or sedges. They have historically received little attention from botanists; in his 1819 monograph, James Ebenezer Bicheno described the genus as "obscure and uninviting". The form of the flower differentiates rushes from grasses or sedges. The flowers of ''Juncus'' comprise five whorls of floral parts: three sepals, three petals (or, taken together, six tepals), two to six stamens (in two whorls) and a stigma with three lobes. The stems are round in cross-section, unlike those of sedges, which are typically somewhat triangular in cross-section. In ''Juncus'' section ''Juncotypus'' (formerly called ''Juncus'' subg. ''Genuini''), which contains some of the most widespread and familiar species, the leaves are r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Juncus Subnodulosus
''Juncus subnodulosus'', the blunt-flowered rush, is a species of Juncaceae, rush. It natively occurs from the Mediterranean region across temperate Europe, but it does not range far into Scandinavia. Introduced populations exist in New Zealand and North America. This species is an important plant association, associate within the Human impact on the environment, anthropogenic Juncus subnodulosus-Cirsium palustre fen-meadow, ''Juncus subnodulosus-Cirsium palustre'' fen-meadow ecosystem, an important habitat type of Western Europe. ''J. subnodulosus'' is particularly prevalent within the disturbed ridges of this type of fen-meadow.Perring ''et al.'' (1964), Hogan (2009) Footnotes References * (1964): ''A flora of Cambridgeshire''. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. * (2009)Marsh Thistle: ''Cirsium palustre'' at GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Strömberg Juncus, subnodulosus Plants described in 1789 Flora of Europe Grasses of Lebanon {{Poales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mesotrophic Grasslands In The British National Vegetation Classification System
The mesotrophic grassland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system were described in Volume 3 of '' British Plant Communities'', first published in 1992, along with the calcicolous grassland communities and the calcifugous grasslands and montane communities. In total, 13 mesotrophic grassland communities have been identified: * two communities in which False Oat-grass is the characteristic grass species (one of these, community MG1, is widespread throughout Britain; the other, MG2, is confined to northern England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ...). * four communities of well-drained permanent pastures and meadows, two of which ( MG5 and MG6) are widespread and the other two ( MG3 and MG4) more localised * a single community ( MG7) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
British National Vegetation Classification
__NOTOC__ The British National Vegetation Classification or NVC is a system of classifying natural habitat types in Great Britain according to the vegetation they contain. A large scientific meeting of ecologists, botanists, and other related professionals in the United Kingdom resulted in the publication of a compendium of five books: '' British Plant Communities'', edited by John S. Rodwell, which detail the incidence of plant species in twelve major habitat types in the British natural environment. They are the first systematic and comprehensive account of the vegetation types of the country. They cover all natural, semi-natural and major artificial habitats in Great Britain (not Northern Ireland) and represent fifteen years of research by leading plant ecologists. From the data collated from the books, commercial software products have been developed to help to classify vegetation identified into one of the many habitat types found in Great Britain – these include ''MAT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lolium Multiflorum
''Lolium multiflorum'' (Italian rye-grass, annual ryegrass) is a ryegrass native to temperate Europe, though its precise native range is unknown. It is a herbaceous annual, biennial, or perennial grass that is grown for silage, and as a cover crop. It is also grown as an ornamental grass. It readily naturalizes in temperate climates, and can become a noxious weed in arable areas and an invasive species in native habitats. Resistance to multiple herbicides, including those from the ESPS and ACcase groups, has been identified in wild populations of ''L. multiflorum.'' It is a host plant to wheat yellow leaf virus in its native Europe. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of perennial ryegrass (''Lolium perenne''). It differs from ''L. perenne'' in its spikelet, which has a long bristle at the top, and its stem, which is round rather than folded. It can be mistaken for couch (''Elymus repens''), which has spikelets along the broad side of the stem rather than the edge. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lolium Perenne
''Lolium perenne'', common name perennial ryegrass, English ryegrass, winter ryegrass, or ray grass, is a grass from the family Poaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but is widely cultivated and naturalised around the world. Description The plant is a low-growing, tufted, hairless grass, with a bunching (or tillering) growth habit. The leaves are dark green, smooth and glossy on the lower surface, with untoothed parallel sides and prominent parallel veins on the upper surface. The leaves are folded lengthwise in bud (unlike the rolled leaves of Italian ryegrass, ''Lolium multiflorum'') with a strong central keel, giving a flattened appearance. The ligule is very short and truncated and often difficult to see. The small white auricles grip the stem at the base of the leaf blade. Leaf sheaths at the base are usually tinged pink and hairless. Stems grow up to 90 cm. The inflorescence is unbranched, with spikelets on alternating sides edgeways-on to the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lolium
''Lolium'' is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily (Pooideae). It is often called ryegrass, but this term is sometimes used to refer to grasses in other genera. They are characterized by bunch-like growth habits. ''Lolium'' is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, as well as being cultivated and naturalized in Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. Ryegrasses are naturally diploid, with 2n=14, and are closely related to the fescues (''Festuca''). Ryegrass should not be confused with rye, which is a grain crop. Species the species of ''Lolium'' listed by Plants of the World Online include: ; Formerly included Several former ''Lolium'' species now regarded as part of other genera: '' Castellia'', '' Enteropogon'', '' × Festulolium'', '' Hainardia'', '' Lepturus'', '' Melica'', and '' Vulpia''. File:Perennial Ryegrass.jpg, Perennial ryegrass, used as winter lawn. File:Illustration Leymus arenarius and Lolium temulentum0.jpg, Poison ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Festuca
''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on every continent except Antarctica. The genus is closely related to ryegrass (''Lolium''), and recent evidence from phylogenetic studies using DNA sequencing of plant mitochondrial DNA shows that the genus lacks monophyly. As a result, plant taxonomists have moved several species, including the forage grasses tall fescue and meadow fescue, from the genus ''Festuca'' into the genus ''Lolium'', or alternatively into the segregate genus '' Schedonorus''. Because the taxonomy is complex, scientists have not determined how many true species belong to the genus, but estimates range from more than 400 to over 640. Fescue pollen is a significant contributor to hay fever. Taxonomy The genus ''Festuca'' represents a major evolutionary line of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Auricle (botany)
In botany, an auricle is a small ear-like projection from the base of a leaf or petal Petals are modified leaves that form an inner whorl surrounding the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly coloured or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. All of the petals of a flower are collectively known as the ''corol .... References External linksDictionary of Botany Leaf morphology {{plant-morphology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Festuca Arundinacea
''Lolium arundinaceum'', commonly known as tall fescue, is a cool-season, perennial C3 grass species native to Europe and introduced to North America and other parts of the world. It naturally occurs in grasslands and coastal marshes.Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (n.d.). Tall Fescue (''Lolium arundinaceum''). Texas Invasive Plant Database/ref> Tall fescue is grown in a range of Cultivar, cultivars, widely used for livestock forage, in lawns and recreational areas as turf, and occasionally for managing soil erosion. Most publications have used the names ''Festuca arundinacea'' or, more recently, ''Schedonorus arundinaceus'' for this species, but DNA studies appear to have settled a long debate that it should be included within the genus ''Lolium'' instead. Description Tall fescue is a long-lived tuft-forming perennial with erect to spreading hollow flowering stems up to about tall (exceptionally up to 200 cm) which are hairless (glabrous), including the leaf sheath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
