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Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor
A matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (INN stem ) inhibits matrix metalloproteinases. Because they inhibit cell migration, they have antiangiogenic effects. They are endogenous or exogenous. The most notorious endogenous metalloproteinases are tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases Tissue may refer to: Biology * Tissue (biology), an ensemble of similar (or dissimilar in structure but same in origin) cells that together carry out a specific function * ''Triphosa haesitata'', a species of geometer moth ("tissue moth") found in ..., followed by cartilage-derived angiogenesis inhibitors. Exogenous matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors were developed as anticancer drugs. Examples include: * Batimastat * Cipemastat * Ilomastat * Marimastat * Prinomastat * Rebimastat * Tanomastat Metalloproteinase inhibitors are found in numerous marine organisms, including fish, cephalopods, mollusks, algae and bacteria. See also * Drug discovery and development of MMP inhibitors References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matrix Metalloproteinase
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), also known as matrix metallopeptidases or matrixins, are metalloproteinases that are calcium-dependent zinc-containing endopeptidases; other family members are adamalysins, serralysins, and astacins. The MMPs belong to a larger family of proteases known as the metzincin superfamily. Collectively, these enzymes are capable of degrading all kinds of extracellular matrix proteins, but also can process a number of Biological activity, bioactive molecules. They are known to be involved in the cleavage of cell surface Receptor (biochemistry), receptors, the release of apoptosis, apoptotic ligands (such as the FAS ligand), and chemokine/cytokine inactivation. MMPs are also thought to play a major role in cell behaviors such as cell proliferation, cell migration, migration (cell adhesion, adhesion/dispersion), Cellular differentiation, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and Immune system, host defense. They were first described in vertebrates in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cell Migration
Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Tissue formation during embryogenesis, embryonic development, wound healing and immune system, immune responses all require the orchestrated movement of cells in particular directions to specific locations. Cells often migrate in response to specific external signals, including chemotaxis, chemical signals and mechanotaxis, mechanical signals. Errors during this process have serious consequences, including intellectual disability, cardiovascular disease, vascular disease, tumor, tumor formation and metastasis. An understanding of the mechanism by which cells migrate may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for controlling, for example, invasive tumour cells. Due to the highly viscous environment (low Reynolds number), cells need to continuously produce forces in order to move. Cells achieve active movement by very different mechanisms. Many less complex prokaryotic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antiangiogenic
An angiogenesis inhibitor is a substance that inhibits the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). Some angiogenesis inhibitors are endogenous and a normal part of the body's control and others are obtained exogenously through pharmaceutical drugs or diet. While angiogenesis is a critical part of wound healing and other favorable processes, certain types of angiogenesis are associated with the growth of malignant tumors. Thus angiogenesis inhibitors have been closely studied for possible cancer treatment. Angiogenesis inhibitors were once thought to have potential as a "silver bullet" treatment applicable to many types of cancer, but the limitations of anti-angiogenic therapy have been shown in practice. Currently, angiogenesis inhibitors are recognized for their improvement of cancer immunotherapy by overcoming endothelial cell anergy. Angiogenesis inhibitors are also used to effectively treat macular degeneration in the eye, and other diseases that involve a proliferation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinases
Tissue may refer to: Biology * Tissue (biology), an ensemble of similar (or dissimilar in structure but same in origin) cells that together carry out a specific function * ''Triphosa haesitata'', a species of geometer moth ("tissue moth") found in North America * ''Triphosa dubitata'', a species of geometer moth ("tissue") found in Afro-Eurasia Paper products * Tissue paper, a type of thin, gauzy translucent paper used for wrapping and cushioning items * Tissue (cloth), a thin, transparent, and lightweight fabric * Facial tissue, tissue paper used for cleaning the face * Japanese tissue, tissue paper from Japan made of vegetable fibers * Toilet paper, tissue paper used for cleaning the anus * Wrapping tissue, tissue paper used for wrapping and cushioning items Other * Aerial tissue, an acrobatic art form and one of the circus arts * "The Tissue (Tomaranai Seishun) is the third single by the Japanese girl idol group Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku (or fourth counting one cover single), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartilage-derived Angiogenesis Inhibitor
A cartilage-derived angiogenesis inhibitor is an angiogenesis inhibitor produced from cartilage. Examples include the peptide troponin I and chondromodulin I. The antiangiogenic effect may be an inhibition of basement membrane degradation. These inhibitory agents prevent 'vascular invasion', which is the proliferation of tumor cells in the blood or lymph vessels. They are usually highly expressed in cartilage and within chondrocytes. Their genetic transcription increases upon the expansion of cartilaginous regions. Recent studies on Troponin I hypothesize that this protein performs its anti-proliferation effect on endothelial cells via interactions with a bFGF receptor. Neighboring studies on other anti-angiogenic factors are evolving, however, the general mechanism of action In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical Drug interaction, interaction through which a Medication, drug substance produces its pharmacological effect. A mecha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batimastat
Batimastat (mnemonic: ''batty''-mustard) (INN/USAN, codenamed BB-94) is a drug that was invented by Laurie Hines of British Biotech (now Vernalis). It is an antimetastatic drug that belongs to the family of drugs called angiogenesis inhibitors. It acts as a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MMPI) by mimicking natural MMPI peptides. Dan Lednicer wrote about this compound in book #6 of his organic drug synthesis series. Batimastat was the first MMPI that went into clinical trials. First results of a Phase I trial appeared in 1994. The drug reached Phase III but was never marketed; mainly because it couldn't be administered orally (as opposed to the newer and chemically similar MMPI marimastat), and injection into the peritoneum caused peritonitis Peritonitis is inflammation of the localized or generalized peritoneum, the lining of the inner wall of the abdomen and covering of the abdominal organs. Symptoms may include severe pain, swelling of the abdomen, fever, or weight ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cipemastat
Cipemastat (rINN, also known as Ro 32-3555 and by the tentative trade name Trocade) is a selective inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 that has been investigated as an anti-arthritis agent. It is being developed by Roche F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, commonly known as Roche (), is a Switzerland, Swiss multinational corporation, multinational holding healthcare company that operates worldwide under two divisions: Pharmaceuticals and Diagnostics. Its holding company, .... References Hydantoins Hydroxamic acids Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors 1-Piperidinyl compounds {{musculoskeletal-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilomastat
Ilomastat (INN), (codenamed GM6001, proprietary name Galardin®) is a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. This chemotherapy agent is considered to have application in skincare products for its antiaging properties. Ilomastat is a member of the hydroxamic acid class of reversible metallopeptidase inhibitors. The anionic state of the hydroxamic acid group forms a bidentate complex with the active site zinc. Examples of enzymes that ilomastat inhibit include rabbit MMP9, thermolysin, peptide deformylase, and anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase (LF) produced by the bacterium ''Bacillus anthracis ''Bacillus anthracis'' is a gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent (obligate) pathogen within the genus ''Bacillus''. Its infection is a ty ...''.; References {{Reflist Hydroxamic acids Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors Isobutyl compounds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marimastat
Marimastat was a proposed antineoplastic drug developed by British Biotech. It acted as a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Marimastat performed poorly in clinical trials, and development was terminated. This may be, however, a result of targeting cancer at too late of a stage. This is supported by the fact that MMP inhibitors have more recently been shown in animal models to be more effective in earlier stages of cancers. (Effects of angiogenesis inhibitors on multistage carcinogenesis in mice. Science 284, 808-812. Bergers, G., Javaherian, K., Lo, K.-M., Folkman, J., and Hanahan, D. (1999)). See also * Batimastat References Experimental cancer drugs Hydroxamic acids Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors Isobutyl compounds Tert-butyl compounds {{antineoplastic-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prinomastat
Prinomastat (code name AG-3340) is a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor with specific selectivity for MMPs 2, 3, 9, 13, and 14. Investigations have been carried out to determine whether the inhibition of these MMPs is able to block tumour metastasis by preventing MMP degradation of the extracellular matrix proteins and angiogenesis. Prinomastat underwent a Phase III trial to investigate its effectiveness against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), in combination with gemcitabine chemotherapy Chemotherapy (often abbreviated chemo, sometimes CTX and CTx) is the type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (list of chemotherapeutic agents, chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) in a standard chemotherapy re .... However, it was discovered that Prinomastat did not improve the outcome of chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. References {{reflist Experimental cancer drugs Hydroxamic acids Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebimastat
Rebimastat is an abandoned investigational antineoplastic drug developed as a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MMPI). It was designed to target enzymes implicated in cancer progression, aiming to reduce tumor growth and metastasis. Although promising in preclinical studies, clinical development was halted due to adverse effects. Pharamcology Rebimastat is a second-generation, sulfhydryl-based MMPI that binds to the catalytic zinc ion within the active site of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, and MMP-14. MMPs are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that play a crucial role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This ECM remodeling is essential for various physiological processes, but in cancer, it facilitates angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels), tumor invasion, and metastasis (spread of cancer cells to distant sites). By inhibiting these MMPs, rebimastat aimed to disrupt these processes, potent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
