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Masnavi
The ''Masnavi'', or ''Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi'' (, DIN 31635, DMG: ''Mas̲navī-e maʻnavī''), also written ''Mathnawi'', or ''Mathnavi'', is an extensive poem written in Persian language, Persian by Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, also known as Rumi. It is a series of six books of poetry that together amount to around 25,000 verses or 50,000 lines.Allamah Mohamad Taghi Jafari, ''Tafsir Masnavi''Karim Zamani, ''Tafsir Masnavi Ma'navi'' The ''Masnavi'' is one of the most influential works of Sufism, ascribed to be like a "Quran in Persian". Some Muslims regard the ''Masnavi'' as one of the most important works of Islamic literature, falling behind only the Quran. It has been viewed by many commentators as the greatest mystical poem in world literature. It is a spiritual text that teaches Sufis how to reach their goal of being truly in love with God. General description The title ''Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi'' () means "The Spiritual Masnavi (poetic form), Couplets". The ''Masnavi'' is a poet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rumi
Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī (), or simply Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century poet, Hanafi '' faqih'' (jurist), Maturidi theologian (''mutakallim''), and Sufi mystic born during the Khwarazmian Empire. Rumi's works were written mostly in Persian, but occasionally he also used Turkish, Arabic and Greek in his verse. His ''Masnavi'' (''Mathnawi''), composed in Konya, is considered one of the greatest poems of the Persian language.C.E. Bosworth, "Turkmen Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO History of Humanity, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Pers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawid Mojaddedi
Jawid Mojaddedi is an Afghan researcher and professor. Early life Mojaddedi was born in Kabul, Afghanistan. At age five, along with his mother and brother, he moved to Great Britain. During the late 1980s and 1990s, Jawid Mojaddedi attended University of Manchester, where he earned his BA and PhD in Middle Eastern Studies. Career He graduated from the University of Manchester. He then worked as a full-time faculty member of the Department of Middle Eastern Studies, where he taught Arabic and Islamic Studies. In 1998, Jawid moved from Great Britain to the United States. He worked at Columbia University for two years as an editor of ''Encyclopædia Iranica''. He began teaching at Rutgers University in 2003. He has served as chair of the Department of Religion there and as Director of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Works Mojaddedi is a Rumi expert. His published books include translations of Rumi's longest poem, known as the ''Masnavi'', into simple English. ''The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathnawi
Mathnawi ( ), also spelled masnavi, mesnevi or masnawi, is a kind of poem written in rhyming couplets, or more specifically "a poem based on independent, internally rhyming lines". Most mathnawi poems follow a Meter (poetry), meter of eleven, or occasionally ten, syllables, but had no limit in their length. Typical mathnawi poems consist of an indefinite number of couplets, with the rhyme scheme aa/bb/cc. Mathnawi poems have been written in Persian language, Persian, Arabic, Turkish language, Turkish, Kurdish language, Kurdish and Urdu cultures. Certain Persian mathnawi poems, such as Rumi's ''Masnavi, Masnavi-e Ma’navi'', have had a special religious significance in Sufism. Other influential writings include the poems of Ghazali and ibn Arabi. Mathnawi's are closely tied to Islamic theology, philosophy, and legends, and cannot be understood properly without knowledge about it. Arabic mathnawi Arabic mathnawi poetry, also known as ''muzdawij'' ( – , referring to the internal r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masnavi (poetic Form)
Mathnawi ( ), also spelled masnavi, mesnevi or masnawi, is a kind of poem written in rhyming couplets, or more specifically "a poem based on independent, internally rhyming lines". Most mathnawi poems follow a meter of eleven, or occasionally ten, syllables, but had no limit in their length. Typical mathnawi poems consist of an indefinite number of couplets, with the rhyme scheme aa/bb/cc. Mathnawi poems have been written in Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Kurdish and Urdu cultures. Certain Persian mathnawi poems, such as Rumi's '' Masnavi-e Ma’navi'', have had a special religious significance in Sufism. Other influential writings include the poems of Ghazali and ibn Arabi. Mathnawi's are closely tied to Islamic theology, philosophy, and legends, and cannot be understood properly without knowledge about it. Arabic mathnawi Arabic mathnawi poetry, also known as ''muzdawij'' ( – , referring to the internal rhyme scheme of the lines), was popularized during the Abbasid era. Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi
''Divan-i Kabir'' (), also known as ''Divan-i Shams'' () and ''Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi'' (), is a collection of poems written by the Persian poet and Sufi mystic Rumi. A compilation of lyric poems written in the Persian language, it contains more than 40,000 versesForuzanfar, 1957. and over 3,000 ghazals.Foruzanfar (tran. Sorkhabi), 2012, p. 183. While following the long tradition of Sufi poetry as well as the traditional metrical conventions of ghazals, the poems in the Divan showcase Rumi’s unique, trance-like poetic style.Lewis, 2014, p. 704. Written in the aftermath of the disappearance of Rumi’s beloved spiritual teacher, Shams-i Tabrizi, the Divan is dedicated to Shams and contains many verses praising him and lamenting his disappearance.Gooch, 2017, pp. 133–134. Although not a didactic work, the Divan still explores deep philosophical themes, particularly those of love and longing.De Groot, 2011, p. 67. Content The Divan contains poems in several different Eastern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Husam Al-Din Chalabi
Husam al-Din Chalabi, Ebn Akhi Tork (, , ) was a Turkish Muslim Sufi and a prominent disciple of Rumi. He encouraged Rumi to create his famous work ''Masnavi'' and contributed to writing and editing the book. Rumi repeatedly praised Husam al-Din in his poetry and letters. Husam al-Din is supposed to have been born in Konya around 1225. His grandfather was a Turkish Sufi originally from Urmia and buried in Baghdad. Some have recorded his grandfather's name as ''Shaykh Taj al-Din Abu al-Wafa''. Husam al-Din became a disciple of Rumi in Konya. Later in 1273, after Rumi's death, he became his successor. He remained in this position until his death in 1284 when he was succeeded by Rumi's son Sultan Walad Baha al-Din Muhammad-i Walad (), more popularly known as Sultan Walad (), was a Sufi, Hanafi Maturidi Islamic scholar and one of the founders of the Mawlawiya () order.Schubert, Gudrun. "Sulṭān Walad , Bahāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad-i Walad." Enc .... References {{DEFAULTS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Stories In The Masnavi
{{Italics title, string=Masnavi The below list gives the titles of the stories in Rumi's ''Masnavi-e-Ma'navi'', as it appears in Reynold A. Nicholson's translation. Book I *Preface (in prose) *Proem *The King and the Handmaiden *The Greengrocer and the Parrot *The Jewish King whose Vizier contrived a plot against the Christians *The Caliph and Laylá *The description of Mohammed in the Gospel *Another Jewish King who persecuted the Christians *The punishment inflicted on a man who scoffed at Mohammed *The Wind which destroyed the people of ‘Ad . *The Lion and the Beasts of chase *Azrael and the man who took refuge with Solomon *Solomon and the Hoopoe *The Fall of Adam *The Holy War against the Flesh *The Caliph ‘Umar and the Ambassador *How Adam acknowledged, while Iblis denied, responsibility for sin *“And He is with you, wheresoever you be” *“Let him who desires to sit with God sit with the Súfís” *The Merchant and the Parrot which gave him a message to the parrot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufism
Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are referred to as "Sufis" (from , ), and historically typically belonged to "orders" known as (pl. ) — congregations formed around a grand (saint) who would be the last in a Silsilah, chain of successive teachers linking back to Muhammad, with the goal of undergoing (self purification) and the hope of reaching the Maqam (Sufism), spiritual station of . The ultimate aim of Sufis is to seek the pleasure of God by endeavoring to return to their original state of purity and natural disposition, known as . Sufism emerged early on in Islamic history, partly as a reaction against the expansion of the early Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) and mainly under the tutelage of Hasan al-Basri. Although Sufis were opposed to dry legalism, they strictly obs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufi Literature
Sufi literature consists of works in various languages that express and advocate the ideas of Sufism. Sufism had an important influence on medieval literature, especially poetry, that was written in Arabic, Persian, Punjabi, Turkic, Sindhi and Urdu. Sufi doctrines and organizations provided more freedom to literature than did the court poetry of the period. The Sufis borrowed elements of folklore in their literature. The works of Nizami, Nava'i, Hafez, Sam'ani and Jami were more or less related to Sufism. The verse of such Sufi poets as Sanai (died c. 1140), Attar (born c. 1119), and Rumi (died 1273) protested against oppression with an emphasis on divine justice and criticized evil rulers, religious fanaticism and the greed and hypocrisy of the orthodox Muslim clergy. The poetic forms used by these writers were similar to the folk song, parable and fairy tale. Authors of Sufi folk literature particularly borrowed preexisting poetic forms, songs, and narrative structure to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poetry By Rumi
Poetry (from the Greek word ''poiesis'', "making") is a form of literary art that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, literal or surface-level meanings. Any particular instance of poetry is called a poem and is written by a poet. Poets use a variety of techniques called poetic devices, such as assonance, alliteration, euphony and cacophony, onomatopoeia, rhythm (via metre), and sound symbolism, to produce musical or other artistic effects. They also frequently organize these effects into poetic structures, which may be strict or loose, conventional or invented by the poet. Poetic structures vary dramatically by language and cultural convention, but they often use rhythmic metre (patterns of syllable stress or syllable (mora) weight). They may also use repeating patterns of phonemes, phoneme groups, tones (phonemic pitch shifts found in tonal languages), words, or entire phrases. These include conso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Badiozzaman Forouzanfar
Badiozzaman Forouzanfar or Badi'ozzamān Forūzānfar (, also as "Badiʿ al-Zamān Furūzānfar"; born 12 July 1904 in Boshrooyeh, Ferdows County – died 6 May 1970 in Tehran, born ''Ziyaa' Boshrooye-i'' ) was a scholar of Persian literature, Iranian linguistics and culture, and an expert on Rumi (Molana Jalaleddin Balkhi) and his works. He was a distinguished professor of literature at Tehran University. He is one of the " Five-Masters (''Panj Ostād'')", five influential scholars of Persian literature, the others being Malekoshoara Bahar, Jalal Homaei, Abdolazim Gharib and Rashid Yasemi. The critical edition of Rumi's ''Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi'' (in 10 volumes) by Forouzanfar is the best edition of the book available to date. The first critical edition of ''Fihi ma fihi'' was also done by B. Forouzanfar, which is now well known in the West thanks to the selective translation of A. J. Arberry. His ''Ahadith-i Mathnawi'' is a compilation of hadith from Rumi's Masnavi. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
