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Mancala
The mancala games are a family of two-player turn-based strategy board games played with small stones, beans, or seeds and rows of holes or pits in the earth, a board or other playing surface. The objective is usually to capture all or some set of the opponent's pieces. Versions of the game date back past the 3rd century and evidence suggests the game existed in Ancient Egypt. It is among the oldest known games to still be widely played today. Names and variants The name is a classification or type of game, rather than any specific game. Some of the most popular mancala games (concerning distribution area, the numbers of players and tournaments, and publications) are: * Ayoayo, played by the Yoruba people in Nigeria; similar to Oware * Alemungula or gebeta (ገበጣ)– played in Sudan and Ethiopia. * Ali Guli Mane or Pallanguzhi – played in Southern India. * Bao la Kiswahili – played in most of East Africa including Kenya, Tanzania, Comoros, Malawi, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southeast Asian Mancala
Southeast Asian mancalas are a subtype of mancala games predominantly found in Southeast Asia. They are known as congklak (Van Ophuijsen Spelling System, VOS Spelling: tjongklak), congkak, congka, and dakon in Indonesia, congkak in Malaysia and Brunei, and sungkâ in the Philippines. They differ from other mancala games in that the player's store is included in the placing of the seeds. Like other mancalas, they vary widely in terms of the rules and number of holes used. Names Southeast Asian mancalas are generally known by variations of similar cognates which are likely onomatopoeiac. The names have also come to mean the cowrie shells, predominantly used as the seeds of the game. These names include (Van Ophuijsen Spelling System, VOS Spelling: ''tjongklak''; also spelled as ''tsjongklak'' in Dutch sources), , , and in Indonesia, ''congkak'' in Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore, and ''sungkâ'' (also spelled ''chonca'' or ''chongca'' by Spanish sources) in the Philippin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mancala Games
Games in the mancala family include: Popular games The most widely played games are probably: *Bao is a complex strategy game of Kenya and Zanzibar, played on a 4×8 board. *Kalah is the ruleset usually included with commercially available boards; however, the game is heavily biased towards the first player, and it is often considered a children's game. The board is 2×6 with stores. The Pie rule can be used to balance the first-player's advantage. *Oware, the national game of Ghana, is also known by Warri,Henry R. Muller, ''Warri: A West African Game of Skill'', The Journal of American Folklore. Vol. 43, No. 169. pp. 313-316. Ayo (Yoruba Name. Nigeria), Awele, Awari, Ouril, and other names. It has relatively simple rules but considerable strategic depth. The board is 2×6 (not counting optional stores). *Omweso (also known as ''coro'') is a strategic game of Uganda, played on a 4×8 board. * Pallanguzhi is played in Tamil nadu, Southern India with 2 x 7 stores. Two varieties of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bao (game)
Bao is a traditional mancala board game played in most of East Africa including Kenya, Rwanda Tanzania, Comoros, Malawi, as well as some areas of DR Congo and Burundi. It is most popular among the Swahili people of Tanzania and Kenya; the name itself "Bao" is the Swahili word for "board" or "board game". In Tanzania, and especially Zanzibar, a "bao master" (called ''bingwa'', "master"; but also ''fundi'', "artist") is held in high respect. In Malawi, a close variant of the game is known as Bawo, which is the Yao equivalent of the Swahili name. Bao is well known to be a prominent mancala in terms of complexity and strategical depth,De Vogt (1995) and it has raised interest in scholars of several disciplines, including game theory, complexity theory, and psychology. Official tournaments are held in Tanzania, Zanzibar, Lamu (Kenya), and Malawi, and both mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar have their Bao societies, such as the Chama cha Bao founded in 1966. In Zanzibar and Tanzania t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayoayo
{{Short description, Traditional mancala played by the Yoruba people in Nigeria Ayoayo (Yoruba: ''Ayò Ọlọ́pọ́n'') is a traditional mancala played by the Yoruba people in Nigeria. It is very close to the Oware game that spread to the Americas with the atlantic slave trade. Among modern mancalas, which are most often derived from Warri, the Kalah is a notable one that has essentially the same rules as Ayoayo. There are games with identical rules also in other areas of Africa. One such game is the Endodoi, played by the Maasai people of Kenya and Tanzania. Rules The Ayoayo board is composed of two rows of six holes each, and 48 seeds are used; at the beginning, 4 seeds are placed in each hole. These are exactly the same equipment and setup as those of Warri and many other 2-row mancalas such as Layli Goobalay Layli Goobalay (or Layli Goobaly) is a board game played in parts of Somalia. It is a variant of the classical count and capture game ''mancala'' (from the Arabic wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Guli Mane
''Ali Guli Mane'' (Kannada: ಅಳಿ ಗುಳಿ ಮಣೆ Tulu: ''ಚೆನ್ನೆಮಣೆ'') is an abstract strategy board game of the mancala family, from Karnataka in South India. It is known as Chenne Mane in Tulunaadu (Coastal Karnataka), Akal Patta in North Karnataka and Satkoli (सत्कोलि) in Maharashtra. The name of the game, like that of many mancala games across the world, is simply a description of the board used: it means a "wooden block with holes". It is similar to Pallanguzhi from the neighbouring state of Tamil Nadu. There are also similarities with the traditional Malay mancala game Congkak. Initial setup Ali Guli Mane uses two rows of 7 holes each. Each player "owns" the row of holes closest to them. The game starts with 70 pieces (usually tamarind seeds or small shells), with 5, 7 or 12 in each hole. Turns In each turn, the player removes all seeds from a hole and distributes them clockwise or anti-clockwise, at their own choice. This sowing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Board Game
Board games are tabletop games that typically use . These pieces are moved or placed on a pre-marked board (playing surface) and often include elements of table, card, role-playing, and miniatures games as well. Many board games feature a competition between two or more players. To show a few examples: in checkers (British English name 'draughts'), a player wins by capturing all opposing pieces, while Eurogames often end with a calculation of final scores. ''Pandemic'' is a cooperative game where players all win or lose as a team, and peg solitaire is a puzzle for one person. There are many varieties of board games. Their representation of real-life situations can range from having no inherent theme, such as checkers, to having a specific theme and narrative, such as '' Cluedo''. Rules can range from the very simple, such as in snakes and ladders; to deeply complex, as in '' Advanced Squad Leader''. Play components now often include custom figures or shaped counters, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallanguzhi
Pallanguli, or Pallankuli (, , , , ), is a traditional ancient mancala game played in South India, especially Tamil Nadu and Kerala. This game was later introduced to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh in India, as well as Sri Lanka and Malaysia. The game is played by two players, with a wooden board that has fourteen pits in all (hence, it is also called fourteen pits, or ''pathinālam kuḻi''. There have been several variations in the layout of the pits, one among them being seven pits on each player's side. The pits contain cowry shells, seeds or small pebbles used as counters. There are several variations of the game depending on the number of shells each player starts with. Gameplay Overview Pallankuli is played on a rectangular board with 2 rows and 7 columns. There are a total of 14 cups (kuḻi in Tamil) and 146 counters. For the counters in the game, seeds, shells, small stones are all common for use. As the game proceeds, each player distributes the shells over all the pit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oware
Oware is an abstract strategy game among the mancala family of board games (pit and pebble games) played worldwide with slight variations as to the layout of the game, number of players and strategy of play. Its origin is uncertain but it is widely believed to be of Ashanti origin. Played in the Bono Region, Bono East Region, Ahafo Region, Central Region, Western Region, Eastern Region, Ashanti Region of Ghana and throughout the Caribbean, oware and its variants have many names - ayò, ayoayo (Yoruba), awalé (Ivory Coast, Benin), wari (Mali), ouri, ouril or uril (Cape Verde), warri (Caribbean) Pallanguzhi (India) wali ( Dagbani), adji ( Ewe), nchọ/ókwè ( Igbo), ise (Edo), awale ( Ga) (meaning "spoons" in English). A common name in English is awari but one of the earliest Western scholars to study the game, Robert Sutherland Rattray, used the name ''wari''. Rules Following are the rules for the ''abapa'' variation, considered to be the most appropriate for serious, adul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strategy Game
A strategy game or strategic game is a game (e.g. a board game) in which the players' uncoerced, and often autonomous, decision-making skills have a high significance in determining the outcome. Almost all strategy games require internal decision tree-style thinking, and typically very high situational awareness. Strategy games are also seen as a descendant of war games, and define strategy in terms of the context of war, but this is more partial. A strategy game is a game that relies primarily on strategy, and when it comes to defining what strategy is, two factors need to be taken into account: its complexity and game-scale actions, such as each placement in a Total War series. The definition of a strategy game in its cultural context should be any game that belongs to a tradition that goes back to war games, contains more strategy than the average video game, contains certain gameplay conventions, and is represented by a particular community. Although war is dominant in strat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alemungula
Alemungula is a traditional mancala game played by the people living along the border of Ethiopia and Sudan. The name "Alemungula" is specifically used by the Wataweat people of the Asosa- Beni Sangul area, while essentially the same game is called Um el Bagara by the Baggara The Baggāra ( ar, البَقَّارَة "heifer herder") or Chadian Arabs are a nomadic confederation of people of mixed Arab and Arabized indigenous African ancestry, inhabiting a portion of the Sahel mainly between Lake Chad and the Nile riv ... people of Sudan. Another name used in Sudan for the same game is Mangala. For the muslim people of the Sudan-Ethiopian border, Alemungula/Um el Bagara is a typical game to play in the day hours during Ramadan. References * ''Gabata and related Board Games of Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa''. In «Ethiopia Observer», 1971; 14 (3): 205. * R. Davies, ''Some Arab Games and Puzzles''. In «Sudan Notes & Records», 1925; 8: 137-152. Traditional mancala games E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoyito
Hoyito (also known as El Hoyito, Casitas or Mate) is a traditional mancala game played in the Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic ( ; es, República Dominicana, ) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with .... All the names it goes by are descriptive of elements of the game: "hoyito" means "little hole" (referring to the pits of the board), "casitas" means "houses" (referring to pits containing 4 seeds), and "mate" is the name of the tree whose seeds are used as counters. The game is very similar to Wari. External links *Hoyito Traditional mancala games Dominican Republic culture {{game-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burundi
Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the junction between the African Great Lakes region and East Africa. It is bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and southeast, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west; Lake Tanganyika lies along its southwestern border. The capital cities are Gitega and Bujumbura, the latter being the country's largest city. The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years. For more than 200 of those years, Burundi was an independent kingdom, until the beginning of the 20th century, when it became a German colony. After the First World War and Germany's defeat, the League of Nations "mandated" the territory to Belgium. After the Second World War, this transformed into a United Nations Trust Territory. Both Germans and Belgia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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