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Maggid
A maggid (), also spelled as magid, is a traditional Jewish religious itinerant preacher, skilled as a narrator of Torah and religious stories. A chaplain of the more scholarly sort is called a ''Darshan (Judaism), darshan'' (). The title of ''maggid mesharim'' ('a preacher of uprightness'; abbreviated ) probably dates from the sixteenth century. There have long been two distinct classes of leaders in Israel—the scholar and rabbi, and the preacher or ''maggid''. That the popular prophet was sometimes called "maggid" is maintained by those who translate (''maggid mishne'') , by "the maggid repeats" (Jacob Ezekiel Löwy, Löwy, "Beqoret ha-Talmud," p. 50). Like the Greek sophists, the early maggidim based their preaching on questions addressed to them by the multitude. Thus the Pesiqta, the first collection of set speeches, usually begins with "yelammedenu rabbenu" ('let our master teach us'). An excellent example is the Passover Haggadah, which is introduced by four quest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Ben Ephraim Karo
Joseph ben Ephraim Karo, also spelled Yosef Caro, or Qaro (; 1488 – March 24, 1575, 13 Nisan 5335 Anno mundi, A.M.), was a prominent Sephardic Jews, Sephardic Jewish rabbi renowned as the author of the last great codification of Halakha, Jewish law, the ''Beit Yosef (book), Beit Yosef'', and its popular analogue, the ''Shulchan Aruch, Shulhan Arukh''. Karo is regarded as the preeminent halakhic authority of his time, and is often referred to by the honorific titles HaMechaber () and Maran ().Joseph ben Ephraim Karo ''Britannica.com'' Biography Joseph Karo was born in Toledo, Spain, Toledo, Spain, in 1488. In 1492, aged four, he was Expulsion of Jews from Spain, expelled from Spain with his family as a result of the Alhambra Decree and subsequently settled in the Ki ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haggadah
The Haggadah (, "telling"; plural: Haggadot) is a foundational Jewish text that sets forth the order of the Passover Seder. According to Jewish practice, reading the Haggadah at the Seder table fulfills the mitzvah incumbent on every Jew to recount the The Exodus, Egyptian Exodus story to their children on the first night of Passover. History Authorship According to Jewish tradition, the Haggadah developed during the Mishnah, Mishnaic and Talmudic periods, although the exact timeframe is unknown. It has existed in different forms over history and therefore cannot be attributed to a single author. Its corporate author is traditionally designated as the ''Baal Haggadah'' (master of the Haggadah). There is also a tradition that the term ''Baal Haggadah'' refers to an anonymous individual from the time of the Gaonim who devised the standard version used today. It is unlikely that it was assembled before the time of Judah bar Ilai (), the latest Tannaim, tanna quoted therein. It is us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preacher
A preacher is a person who delivers sermons or homilies on religious topics to an assembly of people. Less common are preachers who Open-air preaching, preach on the street, or those whose message is not necessarily religious, but who preach components such as a moral or social worldview or philosophy. History Preachers are common throughout most cultures. They can take the form of a Christianity, Christian Minister (Christianity), minister on a Sunday morning, or an Islamic imam. A Muslim preacher in general is referred to as a ''dawah, dā‘ī'', while one giving sermons on a Friday afternoon is called a ''khatib''. The sermon or homily has been an important part of Christian services since Early Christianity, and remains prominent in both Catholic Church, Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. Lay preachers sometimes figure in these traditions of worship, for example the Methodist local preachers, but in general preaching has usually been a function of the clergy. The Dominica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshe Chaim Luzzatto
Moshe Chaim Luzzatto (; also ''Moses Chaim'', ''Moise Vita'', ''Moses Hayyim'' or ''Luzzato''; 1707 – 16 May 1746), also known by the Hebrew acronym RaMCHaL (or RaMHaL; ), was an Italian Jewish rabbi, kabbalist, and philosopher. Biography Early life Moshe Chaim Luzzatto was born in 1707 in the Jewish ghetto of Padua, Republic of Venice. The son of Jacob Vita and Diamente Luzzatto, he received classical Jewish and Italian education, showing a predilection for literature at a very early age. He may have attended the University of Padua and certainly associated with a group of students there, known to dabble in mysticism and alchemy. With his vast knowledge in religious lore, the arts, and science, he quickly became the dominant figure in that group. His writings demonstrate mastery of the Tanakh, the Talmud, the rabbinical commentaries and codes of Jewish law and Kabbalah. Poetry and literature At an early age, he began a thorough study of the Hebrew language and of po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magid (Jewish Mysticism)
''Magid'' (or ''Maggid'') is used in Kabbalah to describe the Jewish communication with God, whereby an angel or the soul of a saint who died, reveals a living mystical experience, via a dream or a daydream, usually resulting from using magical means. A ''Magid Torah'' reveals a person, usually through the Kabbalah, that tells one about future events. {{Kabbalah-stub See also * Jewish mysticism * Psychoanalysis PsychoanalysisFrom Greek language, Greek: and is a set of theories and techniques of research to discover unconscious mind, unconscious processes and their influence on conscious mind, conscious thought, emotion and behaviour. Based on The Inte ... Kabbalistic words and phrases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabbinic Literature
Rabbinic literature, in its broadest sense, is the entire corpus of works authored by rabbis throughout Jewish history. The term typically refers to literature from the Talmudic era (70–640 CE), as opposed to medieval and modern rabbinic writings. It aligns with the Hebrew term ''Sifrut Chazal'' (), which translates to “literature f oursages” and generally pertains only to the sages (''Chazal'') from the Talmudic period. This more specific sense of "Rabbinic literature"—referring to the Talmud, Midrashim (), and related writings, but hardly ever to later texts—is how the term is generally intended when used in contemporary academic writing. The terms ''mefareshim'' and ''parshanim'' (commentaries and commentators) almost always refer to later, post-Talmudic writers of rabbinic glosses on Biblical and Talmudic texts. Mishnaic literature The Midr'she halakha, Mishnah, and Tosefta (compiled from materials pre-dating the year 200 CE) are the earliest extan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darshan (Judaism)
A darshan () or baal darshan () is a Jewish scriptural interpreter. Since the Middle Ages, it has referred to a professional sermonizer more broadly. The title was given to Abtalion and Shemaiah in the 1st century BCE. Since the 1990s, some branches of Liberal Judaism have lay leaders and s as ''darshanim''. Today, the term is sometimes used for whoever delivers a sermon at a service, whether they are ordained or a layperson. See also * |
Jacob Ezekiel Löwy
Jacob Ezekiel Löwy (, ; August 24, 1814 – November 20, 1864) was a Silesian rabbi and author. Biography Löwy was born in Hotzenplotz, Austrian Silesia. At a young age he went to Lepinik to study under Baruch Fränkel-Teomim, afterwards attending various '' yeshivot'' in his native country. He then became a pupil of Wolf Löw in Nagytapolcsány, and, inclining to Ḥasidism, he went successively to Lemberg and Brody in order to continue his rabbinical education. Finally he went to Berlin, where he acquired some secular learning. Having obtained after great difficulties a license to marry, he settled as a business man in Bielitz, and in 1846 was appointed district rabbi of Wadowice, with a seat at Oświęcim (Auschwitz). In 1854 he was elected rabbi of Beuthen, which position he continued to hold until his death. Löwy was the author of ''Biḳḳoret ha-Talmud: Kritisch-Talmudisches Lexikon'', containing 150 articles for a proposed Talmudic encyclopedia. He also published ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Abravanel
Isaac ben Judah Abarbanel (; 1437–1508), commonly referred to as Abarbanel (; also spelled Abravanel, Avravanel or Abrabanel), was a Portuguese Jewish statesman, philosopher, Bible commentator, and financier. Name Some debate exists over whether his last name should be pronounced ''Abarbanel'' or ''Abravanel''. The traditional pronunciation is ''Abarbanel''. Modern scholarly literature, since Graetz and Baer, has most commonly used ''Abravanel'', but his own son Judah insisted on ''Abarbanel'', and ''Sefer HaTishbi'' by Elijah Levita, who was a nearby contemporary, twice vowels the name as ''Abarbinel'' (אַבַּרְבִּינֵאל).Abarbanel and the Censor page 1, note 1 The name's etymology is uncertain. Some say it comes from ''Ab Rabban El'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weekly Torah Portion
The weekly Torah portion refers to a lectionary custom in Judaism in which a portion of the Torah (or Pentateuch) is read during Jewish prayer services on Monday, Thursday, and Saturday. The full name, ''Parashat HaShavua'' (), is popularly abbreviated to ''parashah'' (also ''parshah'' or parsha), and is also known as a Seder (Bible), Sidra or Sedra . The ''parashah'' is a section of the Torah used in Jewish liturgy during a particular week. There are 54 parshas, or ''parashiyot'' in Hebrew, and the full cycle is read over the course of one Biblical year. Content and number Each Torah portion consists of two to six chapters to be read during the week. There are 54 weekly portions or ''parashot''. Torah reading mostly follows an annual cycle beginning and ending on the Jewish holiday of Simchat Torah, with the divisions corresponding to the lunisolar calendar, lunisolar Hebrew calendar, which contains up to 55 weeks, the exact number varying between leap years and regular years. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sotah
Sotah ( or , "strayer") is a tractate of the Talmud in Rabbinic Judaism. The tractate explains the ordeal of the bitter water, a trial by ordeal of a woman suspected of adultery, which is prescribed by the Book of Numbers in the Hebrew Bible (''Tanakh''). In most editions, this tractate is the fifth in the order of Nashim, and it is divided into nine chapters. The tractate exists in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and both the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmud. ''Sotah'' is also the term used for the woman tried in this manner. Mishnah The '' mishnas'' (''mishnayot'') are devoted in the main to an exact definition of the rules of procedure in the case of a wife who was either actually or supposedly unfaithful. The mishnas discuss other rituals in which speech is a key component, such as ''egla arufa'', breaking the heifer's neck; '' Hakheil'', the Jewish King's septa-annual public Torah reading; and the Blessings and Curses of Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal. Tosefta The Tosefta of Sotah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeshivah
A yeshiva (; ; pl. , or ) is a traditional Jewish educational institution focused on the study of Rabbinic literature, primarily the Talmud and halacha (Jewish law), while Torah and Jewish philosophy are studied in parallel. The studying is usually done through daily '' shiurim'' (lectures or classes) as well as in study pairs called ''chavrusas'' (Aramaic for 'friendship' or 'companionship'). ''Chavrusa''-style learning is one of the unique features of the yeshiva. In the United States and Israel, different levels of yeshiva education have different names. In the U.S., elementary-school students enroll in a ''cheder'', post-bar mitzvah-age students learn in a ''mesivta'', and undergraduate-level students learn in a ''beit midrash'' or ''yeshiva gedola'' (). In Israel, elementary-school students enroll in a Talmud Torah or ''cheder'', post-bar mitzvah-age students learn in a ''yeshiva ketana'' (), and high-school-age students learn in a ''yeshiva gedola''. A ''kollel'' i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
