|
Mace-bearer
{{Short description, Royal court official with a ceremonial or real mace A mace-bearer, or macebearer, is a person who carries a mace, either a real weapon or ceremonial. Armed When the mace was still in actual use as a weapon, it was deemed fit for close-protection, and hence a mace-bearer could be a bodyguard. Thus in French and Dutch, a ''massier'' (armed with a ''masse d'armes'' 'weapon-mace') could be a member of a formally so-styled guard corps, as in the court of the Dukes of Brabant. In Spain, a macero were originally an armed guard protecting the King of Castile; they were called ''macero'' due to the weapon they wielded, a ''maza'' (i.e., a mace). Otherwise, a normally more domestic servant could double (arming trusted household staff was not unusual) as macebearer, as in the case of the prophet Mohammed's first muezzin, Bilal ibn Ribah Ceremonial A ceremonial mace symbolises the power or status of a monarch, institution or high dignitary. A swordbearer is sim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceremonial Mace
A ceremonial mace is a highly ornamented staff of metal or wood, carried before a Head of state, sovereign or other high officials in civic ceremonies by a mace-bearer, intended to represent the official's authority. The mace, as used today, derives from the original mace (bludgeon), mace used as a weapon. Processions often feature maces, as on parliamentary or formal academic occasions. History Ancient Near East Ceremonial maces originated in the Ancient Near East, where they were used as symbols of rank and authority across the region during the late Stone Age, Bronze Age, and early Iron Age. Among the oldest known ceremonial maceheads are the Ancient Egyptian Scorpion Macehead and Narmer Macehead; both are elaborately engraved with royal scenes, although their precise role and symbolism are obscure. In later Mesopotamian art, the mace is more clearly associated with authority; by the First Babylonian dynasty, Old Babylonian period the most common figure on cylinder seals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mace (bludgeon)
A mace is a blunt weapon, a type of Club (weapon), club or virge that uses a heavy head on the end of a handle to deliver powerful Strike (attack), strikes. A mace typically consists of a strong, heavy, wooden or metal shaft, often reinforced with metal, featuring a head made of stone, bone, copper, bronze, iron, or steel. The head of a mace can be shaped with flanges or knobs to increase the pressure of an impact by focusing the force on a small point. They would bind on metal instead of sliding around it, allowing them to deliver more force to an armored opponent than a traditional mace. This effect increased the potential for the mace to injure an armored opponent through weak spots in the armor, and even damage plate armor by denting it, potentially binding overlapping plates and impeding the wearer's range of motion. Medieval historian and re-enactor Todd Todeschini (AKA Todd Cutler) demonstrated this effect with period accurate equipment in a series of tests on video. Mac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bodyguard
A bodyguard (or close protection officer/operative) is a type of security guard, government law enforcement officer, or servicemember who protects an very important person, important person or group of people, such as high-ranking public officials, wealthy businesspeople, and celebrities, from harm. The personnel team that protects a VIP is often referred to as the VIP's security detail. Most important public figures, such as head of state, heads of state, head of government, heads of government, and governors are protected by a team of bodyguards from a government agency, security forces, or police forces. Less-important public figures, or those with lower risk profiles, may be accompanied by a single bodyguard who doubles as a Chauffeur, driver. Bodyguards have existed since ancient civilizations, with notable examples including the Roman Praetorian Guard, Persian Immortals, and the Janissaries of the Ottoman Empire. These roles have evolved into modern executive protection p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinecure
A sinecure ( or ; from the Latin , 'without', and , 'care') is a position with a salary or otherwise generating income that requires or involves little or no responsibility, labour, or active service. The term originated in the medieval church, where it signified a post without any responsibility for the " cure areof souls", the regular liturgical and pastoral functions of a cleric, but came to be applied to any post, secular or ecclesiastical, that involved little or no actual work. Sinecures have historically provided a potent tool for governments or monarchs to distribute patronage, while recipients are able to store up titles and easy salaries. A sinecure can also be given to an individual whose primary job is in another office, but requires a sinecure title to perform that job. For example, the Government House Leader in Canada is often given a sinecure ministry position so that they may become a member of the Cabinet. Similar examples are the Lord Keeper of the Privy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Augé
Paul Augé (4 July 1881, L'Isle-Jourdain – 23 July 1951, Cabourg) was a 20th-century French publisher, romanist and lexicographer. In 1920, Paul Augé took over the publishing of the dictionary and lexicum of the Éditions Larousse Éditions Larousse () is a French publishing house specialising in reference works such as dictionaries. It was founded by Pierre Larousse, and for some time was known also as Librarie Larousse; its best-known work is the '' Petit Larousse'' sin ... from his father Claude Augé. Editions * from 1927 to 1933: édition du deuxième grand dictionnaire du XXe, ''Larousse du XX'', six volumes édition * 1936: ''Grand Mémento'' * 1948: ''Nouveau Larousse universel'' References External links {{DEFAULTSORT:Auge, Paul 1881 births 1951 deaths People from L'Isle-Jourdain, Gers French publishers (people) French lexicographers French encyclopedists 20th-century lexicographers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Augé
Claude Augé (; 31 October 1854 – 22 July 1924) was a French pedagogue, publisher, and lexicographer. Biography First a school master, he married a grand niece of Pierre Larousse's wife, joined the Librairie Larousse as bookkeeper in 1885 and became quickly one of the directors. Until his death, he continued to pursue the work of the famous lexicographer. In 1920, while continuing his work, he chose to be replaced in his editorial functions, by his son Paul Augé. Personal works *From 1891 to 1895: ''Cours d'histoire de France'' (levels: first grade, elementary and middle course), in collaboration with Maxime Petit. Works that have been republished many times until 1923. *From 1890 to 1912 : ''Cours de grammaire'' in 4 volumes (from preparatory courses to higher education): this brilliant collection trained generations of French people () until the eve of World War II. * Around 1895: . Many reprints until 1954. * 1899: – translated into Malagasy by Razafimahefa... Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serjeant-at-arms
A serjeant-at-arms or sergeant-at-arms is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. The word "serjeant" is derived from the Latin , which means "servant". Historically, serjeants-at-arms were armed men retained by English lords and English monarchy, monarchs, and the ceremonial maces which they are associated with were originally a Mace (bludgeon), type of weapon. Origins The term "sergeant" can be given two main definitions: the first is a Sergeant, military rank; the other is a governmental role. Whereas technically the two roles were not mutually exclusive, they were very different in roles and duties. The soldier sergeant was a man of what would now be thought of as the 'middle class', fulfilling a junior role to the knight in the medieval hierarchy. Sergeants could fight either as heavy to light cavalry, or as well-trained professional infantry, either spearmen or Arbalist (crossbowman), crossbowmen. Most notable m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabard
A tabard is a type of short coat that was commonly worn by men during the late Middle Ages and early modern period in Europe. Generally worn outdoors, the coat was either sleeveless or had short sleeves or shoulder pieces. In its more developed form it was open at the sides, and it could be worn with or without a belt. Though most were ordinary garments, often work clothes, tabards might be emblazoned on the front and back with a heraldry, coat of arms (livery), and in this form they survive as the distinctive garment of Officer of Arms, officers of arms. In modern British English, British usage, the term has been revived for what is known in American English as a Apron#Tabard, cobbler apron: a lightweight open-sided upper overgarment, of similar design to its medieval and heraldic counterpart, worn in particular by workers in the catering, cleaning and healthcare industries as Personal protective equipment, protective clothing, or outdoors by those requiring high-visibility clot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
