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King Of Ruthenia
King of Ruthenia, King of Rus', King of Galicia and Lodomeria, Lord and Heir of Ruthenian Lands (Latin: ''Rex Rusiae'', ''Rex Ruthenorum'', ''Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae'', ''Terrae Russiae Dominus et Heres''; ) was a title of Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, princes of Galicia and Volhynia, granted by the Pope. The title was initially issued to the ruling Izyaslavichi of Volhynia. Later the title was passed on to the Romanovichi as rulers of the united Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. By the 15th century the title was used as a claim by other royal houses. Title In the 13th–14th centuries, many of southwestern Rus' principalities were united under the power of the Kingdom of Rus' (), historiographically better known as the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. Roman the Great was variously named ''dux Rutenorum'', ''princeps Ruthenorum'' or ''rex Ruthenorum'' by Polish chroniclers. Danylo of Galicia was crowned ''Rex Ruthenorum'' or "king of the Rus'" in 1253. Alternatively, Danylo and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Galicia–Volhynia
The Principality or, from 1253, Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as the Kingdom of Ruthenia, Kingdom of Rus', or Kingdom of Russia, also Halych–Volhynian Kingdom was a medieval state in Eastern Europe which existed from 1199 to 1349. Its territory was predominantly located in modern-day Ukraine, with parts in Belarus, Poland, Moldova, and Lithuania. Along with Novgorod Republic, Novgorod and Vladimir-Suzdal, it was one of the three most important powers to emerge from the collapse of Kievan Rus'. Roman the Great united the principalities of Principality of Galicia, Galicia and Principality of Volhynia, Volhynia at the turn of the 13th century. Following the destruction wreaked by the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' (1239–1241), Prince Daniel of Galicia and the other princes of Rus' pledged allegiance to Batu Khan of the Golden Horde in 1246. The Polish conquest of the kingdom in 1349 led to it being fully absorbed by Catholic Poland.Michael B. Zdan – The Dependence o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaropolk Iziaslavich
Yaropolk Iziaslavich (died 22 November 1086/1087) was Prince of Turov and Prince of Volhynia from 1078 until his death. The son of Grand Prince Iziaslav I of Kiev by a Polish princess named Gertruda, he is visible in papal sources by the early 1070s, but largely absent in contemporary domestic sources until his father's death in 1078. During his father's exile in the 1070s, Yaropolk can be found acting on his father's behalf in an attempt to gain the favor of the German emperors and the papal court of Pope Gregory VII. His father returned to Kiev in 1077 and Yaropolk followed. After his father's death, Yaropolk was appointed as prince of Volhynia and prince of Turov in 1078 by the new grand prince, his uncle Vsevolod. By 1085, Yaropolk had fallen into a state of enmity with the grand prince, and by extension the grand prince's son Vladimir II Monomakh, forcing him to flee to Poland, his mother's homeland. He returned in 1086 and made peace with Monomakh, but was later murder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis I Of Hungary
Louis I, also Louis the Great (; ; ) or Louis the Hungarian (; 5 March 132610 September 1382), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1342 and King of Poland from 1370. He was the first child of Charles I of Hungary and his wife, Elizabeth of Poland, to survive infancy. A 1338 treaty between his father and Casimir III of Poland, Louis's maternal uncle, confirmed Louis's right to inherit the Kingdom of Poland if his uncle died without a son. In exchange, Louis was obliged to assist his uncle to reoccupy the lands that Poland had lost in previous decades. He bore the title Duke of Transylvania between 1339 and 1342 but did not administer the province. Louis was of age when he succeeded his father in 1342, but his deeply religious mother exerted a powerful influence on him. He inherited a centralized kingdom and a rich treasury from his father. During the first years of his reign, Louis launched a crusade against the Lithuanians and restored royal power in Croatia; his troops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casimir III Of Poland
Casimir III the Great (; 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370) reigned as the King of Poland from 1333 to 1370. He also later became King of Ruthenia in 1340, retaining the title throughout the Galicia–Volhynia Wars. He was the last Polish king from the Piast dynasty. Casimir inherited a kingdom weakened by war and under his rule it became relatively prosperous and wealthy. He reformed the Polish army and doubled the size of the kingdom. He reformed the judicial system and introduced several undying codified statutes, gaining the title "the Polish Justinian". Casimir built extensively and founded the Jagiellonian University (back then simply called the University of Krakow),Saxton, 1851, p. 535 the oldest Polish university and one of the oldest in the world. He also confirmed privileges and protections previously granted to Jews and encouraged them to settle in Poland in great numbers. Casimir left no legitimate sons. When he died in 1370 from an injury received while hunting, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Poland (1025–1385)
The Kingdom of Poland (; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a monarchy in Central Europe during the medieval period from 1025 until 1385. Background The West Slavic tribe of Polans who lived in what is today the historic region of Greater Poland, gave rise to a state in the early 10th century, which would become the nascent predecessor of the Kingdom of Poland. Following the Christianization of Poland in 966, and the emergence of the Duchy of Poland during the rule of Mieszko I, his eldest son Bolesław I the Brave inherited his father's dukedom and subsequently was crowned as king. History Establishment In 1025, Bolesław I the Brave of the Piast dynasty was crowned as the first King of Poland at the cathedral in Gniezno and elevated the status of Poland from a duchy to a kingdom after receiving permission for his coronation from Pope John XIX. Following the death of Bolesław, his son Mieszko II Lambert inherited the crown and a vast territory after his fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boleslaw-Yuri II Of Galicia
Yuri II Boleslav (; ; c. 1305/1310 – April 7, 1340), was King of Ruthenia and ''Dominus'' of the Galicia–Volhynian lands (1325–1340). A foreigner and a Catholic by birth, he was the son of Trojden I, Duke of Masovia and a member of the Polish Piast dynasty. Highly unpopular in Orthodox Ruthenia, his murder prompted a war of succession, known as the Galicia–Volhynia Wars. Biography Bolesław was born between 1305 and 1310 to Trojden I of Masovia and Maria, daughter of Yuri I of Galicia. Since his father was still a ruler of the family's Masovian lands, in 1323 Bolesław succeeded Leo II of Galicia and became the ruler over Ruthenia as Yuri II. He also received the Duchy of Belz after the childless death of Andrew of Galicia. In 1331, he married the daughter of Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas and sister of Aldona of Lithuania, wife of Casimir III of Poland. The name of Bolesław's wife is disputed; Teodor Narbutt claimed her pagan name was Eufemia and her Christian na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liubartas
Liubartas or Demetrius of Liubar (died ) was a Lithuanian prince from the Gediminid dynasty. He was the prince of Volhynia, and from 1320, he ruled over Lutsk, Liubar and Zhytomyr. Liubartas was also the last ruler of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. Biography Liubartas was the youngest son of Gediminas, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duke of Lithuania. In the early 1320s he married a daughter of Andrew of Galicia and ruled Lutsk with Liubar (today town in Zhytomyr Oblast) in eastern Volhynia. After Andrew and his brother Leo II of Galicia, Leo II died around 1322, Galicia–Volhynia did not have a male successor. Instead of promoting Liubartas and causing a war with Poland, Gediminas compromised with Ladislaus the Short. Both parties agreed to install Yuri II Boleslav, nephew of Leo and Andrew. Boleslaw-Yuri was a son of Trojden I, Duke of Masovia from the Piast dynasty, a cousin of Władysław I, and nephew of Gediminas' son-in-law Wenceslaus of Płock. At the time Boleslaw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dmytro Dedko
Dmytro Dedko (''Demetrius Dedko'', ) was a Lord of Ruthenia in 1340 (1323) – 1349. Commonly thought to be a Galician boyar, he could be one of sons of Yuriy I and Varvara (Barbara). Dmytro is possibly the progenitor of Ostrozky family. Dmytro is mentioned in number of scientific works on history of that period such as "History of Ukraine-Ruthenia" by Mykhailo Hrushevsky, "Die polnische Geschichtschreibung des Mittelalters" by Heinrich Ritter von Zeissberg and others. The Russian historian Alexander Presnyakov argues Hrushevsky's claims that Dmytro was representative of Liubart in Galicia, rather in his declarations Dmytro states that Galician princes are his ancestors. Presnyakov, A. Lithuanian-Russian State in 13th-16th centuries'. Among the most solid historical benchmarks signed by Dmytro in 1341 is a document "Letter to residents of Torun" that survived to our days where he calls to revive economical and social relationships between the city of Toruń and Halychyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heiress Maria Of The Duchies Of Galicia
Maria of Galicia (also Mary) (before 1293- 11 January 1341) was a princess of Galicia-Volhynia and a member of the Rurik Dynasty. She was sister to Leo II of Halych and Andrew of Halych, daughter of Yuri I of Galicia and his second wife, Euphemia of Kuyavia (d. 1308). She assisted her son king Boleslaus George II of Halych in ruling Galicia. In 1323 her brothers Andrew of Galicia and Volynia and Lev II of Lutsk were killed, and she and her niece, Eufemia, Heiress of Volynia-Lutsk, inherited the lands. Her grandfather, Leo of Halych, had been king of Galicia 1269-1301 and he moved his capital from Galich (Halicz) to the newly founded city of Lviv (Lwow, Lemberg). She lived (before -1293-1341) Her mother, Euphemia of Kuyavia, was the daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia. Before 1310, she married Duke Trojden I of Masovia with whom she had four children: # Euphemia (1310-after 1373) married Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn and had issue # Boleslaw-Yuri II of Galicia (1308 - April 7, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lev II Of Galicia
Leo II of Galicia, also known as Lev Yuriiovych (, died in 1323) was Prince of Lutsk and Galicia, one of the last two Romanovichi kings of Rus` (r. 1308–1323; according to some sources, 1315–23). He was a member of the senior branch of Monomakhovichi. Leo was the son of King Yuri I (1252–1308), whom he succeeded on the royal throne of Galicia-Volhynia. His mother was Euphemia of Kuyavia. After the death of his father, he ruled the kingdom together with his brother Andrew. According to most sources, the brothers were co-kings, managing the kingdom together, but there are sources indicating that Lev II was seated in Halych and Andrew in Volodymyr, which would seem to imply split jurisdiction. The brothers' policy was aimed at weakening their principality's dependence on the Golden Horde by allying themselves with the Teutonic Knights and Poland. Reign The first common letter of Lev II and Andrew dates to August 9, 1316. In it they renewed the union with the Prussian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Of Halych
Andrew () (unknown – 1323) was the last king of Ruthenia in 1308–1323 (according to other sources since 1315). He was the son of Yurii I (1252–1308) whom he succeeded on the throne of Galicia. His mother was Euphemia of Kuyavia. After the death of his father, he ruled the kingdom together with his brother Lev II. Though the kingdom was one state managed together, there are sources informing that Andrew was seated in Volodymyr and Lev II in Galicia. Reign It is known that in the second decade of 14th century, the Lithuanians strengthened their pressure upon Galicia-Volhynia attempting to take the lands of Dorohychyn and Berestia away. During these years of rule Andrew and his brother were in a constant fight with Gediminas of Lithuania. He had established firm relations with Polish king Władysław I the Elbow-high and Teutonic order and attempted to weaken dependence from the Golden Horde. They were also in union with the allies of Władysław I the Elbow-high - ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri I Of Galicia
Yuri I of Galicia (, 24 April 1252 (1257/1262) – 18 March 1308/1315) was King of Ruthenia and Prince of Volhynia. Reign In 1264–1301, Yuri ruled as Prince of Belz. Initially a ruler of Kholm and Podlachia, after his father's death he united all lands of Galicia-Volhynia into one principality with its capital in Volodymyr. During his tenure Poland regained the Lublin region and Hungary seized a part of Transcarpathia. However, in general Yuri's reign was largely peaceful and his realm flourished economically. He maintained especially close relations with the princes of Kuyavia in Poland, marrying Euphemia, the sister of Władysław Łokietek. After the Metropolitan of Kyiv had moved his seat to Vladimir in the north, Yuri succeeded in securing the establishment of the Metropolis of Halych by Patriarch Athanasius I of Constantinople in 1303, which included the eparchies of Halych, Volodymyr, Peremyshl, Lutsk, Kholm and Turov. In 1308, Yuri promoted the nomination of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
