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Kalasag
The Kalaság or Kalasak is a large rectangular wooden shield used by precolonial Filipinos. The shield is made of hardwood and is decorated with intricate carvings and an elaborate rattan binding on the front. The wood comes from native trees such as the ''dapdap'', ''polay'' and ''sablang''. The shield usually measured about in length and in width. Its base is composed of rattan wood which is strengthened by the application of resin coating that turned rock-hard upon drying. It was widely used throughout the Philippines for warfare. Datu Lapulapu was reported to have used this shield during the Battle of Mactan in 1521. In the Panay Bukidnon folk epic ''Hinilawod,'' the heroes in the story are depicted rigorously training, carrying, and fighting with the kalasag. The shield can also be used in an offensive manner. When the character Dumalapdap was being surrounded by a crowd of maidens, he "struck them with his shield" and "drove them with his shield" before threatening them fur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taming (shield)
A taming (pronounced: ) is a round shield made of wood or tightly-woven rattan traditionally used by the Moro, Lumad, and Visayan people of the Philippines. File:Shield MET 36.25.615 002 Sep2015.jpg, Obverse side of a wooden Moro taming in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, c. 18th-19th century File:Bagobo material culture (1885) 02.png, A Bagobo taming alongside a kalasag (1885) File:Visayan balay illustrated by Fr. Francisco Ignacio Alcina, SJ.jpg, Visayan warriors with both taming and kalasag shields (c.1668) File:Atlas pittoresque pl 138.jpg, Warriors with taming during the meeting of the crew of ''L'Astrolabe'' with the Sultan of Sulu The Sultanate of Sulu (; ; ) is a Sunni Muslim subnational monarchy in the Republic of the Philippines that includes the Sulu Archipelago, coastal areas of Zamboanga City and certain portions of Palawan in today's Philippines. Historically ... (c.1846) File:Shield (8112169562).jpg, Taming, a regalia of Brunei, displayed in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itneg People
The Itneg people also known as "Tinguian" or "Tingguian" are an Austronesian ethnic group indigenous to the Philippines. They are part of the broader Cordilleran or Igorot group, despite the Itnegs themselves not identifying as such. The Itneg primarily inhabit the Cordillera Administrative Region in northern Luzon, particularly in the provinces of Abra, Kalinga, Apayao, and Mountain Province. The group is further divided into nine distinct sub-groups. They are also present in the upland areas of the Ilocos Region, notably in Nueva Era, Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur. The Itneg are generally classified into two main groups. The ''valley Itneg'' form a homogeneous and concentrated population in the lower reaches of Abra, primarily engaged in wet rice cultivation. In contrast, the ''mountain Itneg'' inhabit higher elevations, relying on dry cultivation and root crops for subsistence. Further distinctions exist within the Itneg community, dividing them into nine subgroups: Adasen, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visayans
Visayans ( Cebuano: ''mga Bisayà'' ) are a Philippine ethnolinguistic family group or metaethnicity native to the Visayas, to the southernmost islands south of Luzon, and to a significant portion of Mindanao. They are composed of numerous distinct ethnic groups. When taken as a single group, they number around 33.5 million. The Visayans, like the Luzon Lowlanders (Tagalogs, Bicolanos, Ilocanos, etc.) were originally predominantly animist-polytheists and broadly share a maritime culture until the 16th century when the Spanish Empire enforced Catholicism as the state religion. In more inland or otherwise secluded areas, ancient animistic-polytheistic beliefs and traditions either were reinterpreted within a Roman Catholic framework or syncretized with the new religion. Visayans are generally speakers of one or more of the distinct Bisayan languages, the most widely spoken being Cebuano, followed by Hiligaynon (Ilonggo) and Waray-Waray. Terminology "Visayan" is the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Head Axe
The head axe, also known as headhunter's axe, is a battle axe of the Cordilleran peoples of the Philippines specialized for beheading enemy combatants during headhunting raids. They are distinctively shaped, with a concave or straight thin blade and an elongated backward spike on the upper corners of the Axe#Components, poll. Their native names and designs varied by ethnic group, ranging from axes with curving slender designs to heavy axes with short heads and straight edges. Head axes, like most other pre-colonial bladed weapons of the Philippines, were also utilitarian. They were also used for cutting trees, clearing undergrowth, or even cutting hair. Smaller hatchet-like versions were used by women for agricultural work. Names Head axes are most widely known as ''aliwa'' among the Apayao people, Apayao (Isneg) and Itneg people, Itneg people, a name which has carried over to the lowlander Ilocano people. They are also known as ''gaman'' among the Ifugao people, Ifugao and Itneg p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rattan
Rattan, also spelled ratan (from Malay language, Malay: ''rotan''), is the name for roughly 600 species of Old World climbing palms belonging to subfamily Calamoideae. The greatest diversity of rattan palm species and genera are in the closed-Canopy (biology), canopy Old-growth forest, old-growth tropical forests of Southeast Asia, though they can also be found in other parts of tropical Asia and Africa. Most rattan palms are ecologically considered lianas due to their climbing habits, unlike other palm species. A few species also have tree-like or shrub-like habits. Around 20% of rattan palm species are economically important and are traditionally used in Southeast Asia in producing wickerwork furniture, baskets, Walking stick, canes, woven mats, Rope, cordage, and other handicrafts. Rattan canes are one of the world's most valuable non-timber forest products. Some species of rattan also have edible scaly fruit and heart of palm. Despite increasing attempts in the last 30 y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babaylan
Filipino shamans, commonly known as (also ''balian'' or , among many other names), were shamans of the various ethnic groups of the pre-colonial Philippine islands. These shamans specialized in communicating, appeasing, or harnessing the spirits of the dead and the spirits of nature. They were almost always women or feminized men ( or ). They were believed to have spirit guides, by which they could contact and interact with the spirits and deities (''anito'' or ''diwata'') and the spirit world. Their primary role were as mediums during ''pag-anito'' séance rituals. There were also various subtypes of specializing in the arts of healing and herbalism, divination, and sorcery. Terminology The most common native terms for shamans among Austronesian groups in Island Southeast Asia are ''balian'', ''baylan'', or cognates and spelling variants thereof. They are all derived from Proto-Western-Malayo-Polynesian ''*balian'', meaning "shaman" (probably originally female, tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shield
A shield is a piece of personal armour held in the hand, which may or may not be strapped to the wrist or forearm. Shields are used to intercept specific attacks, whether from close-ranged weaponry like spears or long ranged projectiles such as arrows. They function as means of active blocks, as well as to provide passive protection by closing one or more lines of engagement during combat. Shields vary greatly in size and shape, ranging from large panels that protect the user's whole body to small models (such as the buckler) that were intended for hand-to-hand-combat use. Shields also vary a great deal in thickness; whereas some shields were made of relatively deep, absorbent, wooden planking to protect soldiers from the impact of spears and crossbow bolts, others were thinner and lighter and designed mainly for deflecting blade strikes (like the roromaraugi or qauata). Finally, shields vary greatly in shape, ranging in roundness to angularity, proportional length and wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kampilan
The kampilan (Baybayin: ) is a type of single-edged sword, traditionally used by various Ethnic groups in the Philippines, ethnic groups in the Philippine archipelago. It has a distinct profile, with the tapered Sword#Blade, blade being much broader and thinner at the point than at its base, sometimes with a protruding spikelet along the flat side of the tip. The design of the pommel (sword), pommel varies between ethnic groups, but it usually depicts either a ''buaya'' (crocodile), a ''bakunawa'' (sea serpent), a ''kalaw'' (Rufous hornbill, hornbill), or a ''kakatua'' (Red-vented cockatoo, cockatoo).. This weapon was featured in the American bladesmithing competition, ''Forged in Fire (TV series), Forged in Fire'', in season 4 episode 16. Names "Kampilan" is the term most commonly used for the sword in the Tagalog language, Tagalog, Ilocano language, Ilocano and Visayan languages. It simply means "sword". It is known by other names in other ethnic groups in the Philippines incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anito
''Anito'', also spelled ''anitu'', refers to ancestor spirits, nature spirits, and deities in the Indigenous Philippine folk religions from the precolonial age to the present, although the term itself may have other meanings and associations depending on the Filipino ethnic group. It can also refer to carved humanoid figures, the ''taotao'', made of wood, stone, or ivory, that represent these spirits. ''Anito'' (a term predominantly used in Luzon) is also sometimes known as ''diwata'' in certain ethnic groups (especially among Visayans). ''Pag-anito'' refers to a séance, often accompanied by other rituals or celebrations, in which a shaman ( Visayan: ''babaylan'', Tagalog: ''katalonan'') acts as a medium to communicate directly with the dead ancestors and spirits. When a nature spirit or deity is specifically involved, the ritual is called ''pagdiwata''. The act of worship or a religious sacrifice to a spirit and deities. The belief in ''anito'' are sometimes refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Ignacio Alcina
Francisco Ignacio (de) Alcina SJ (also Alzina, Alçina) (February 2, 1610 – July 30, 1674) was a Spanish historian and a Jesuit missionary in the Philippines. He served as parish priest in the Visayan islands for 37 years. Most of those years were spent among the natives whom he used to call "my beloved Bisayans." Early life Birth and education Francisco Ignacio Alzina was born on February 2, 1610, in Gandía, Valencia, Spain. He was one of the eight boys; six of his brothers died at an early age. At the age of 14, Alzina entered the Jesuit Province of Aragon and he was only 22 years old, a cleric in theological studies, when he was chosen for Philippine Missions. Missionary life Arrival in the Philippines In 1631, together with other Jesuit missionaries, he left Zaragoza and travelled to Mexico. Later that same year he left Acapulco and had first sight of the Philippine islands on May 15, 1632. Alcina arrived in Manila on May 26 and stayed two and a half years where h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaamulan Festival
Kaamulan Festival is an ethnic cultural festival held annually in Malaybalay City, Bukidnon in the Philippines from the second half of February to March 10, the anniversary date of the foundation of Bukidnon as a province in 1917. It is held to celebrate the culture and tradition of the seven ethnic tribal groups—''Bukidnon, Higaonon, Talaandig, Manobo, Matigsalug, Tigwahanon and Umayamnon''—that originally inhabit the province. Kaamulan comes from the ''Binukid'' word ''"amul"'' meaning to gather. Kaamulan is gathering for a purpose—a datuship ritual, a wedding ceremony, a thanksgiving festival during harvest time, a peace pact, or all of these together. Kaamulan started as a festival on May 15, 1974, during the fiesta celebration of the then municipality of Malaybalay. A town official thought of inviting some indigenous people to town and made them perform a few dance steps at Plaza Rizal to enliven the fiesta celebration. The celebration however proved very popular an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manobo People
The Manobò (sometimes also spelled Menobò, Manuvù , Menuvù , or Minuvù) are an indigenous peoples from Mindanao in the Philippines, whose core lands cover most of the Mindanao island group, from Sarangani island into the Mindanao mainland in the regions of Agusan, Davao, Bukidnon, Surigao, Misamis, and Cotabato. The Manobo are considered the most diverse among the many indigenous peoples of the Philippines, with the largest number of subgroups within its family of languages. The Philippine Statistics Authority listed 644,904 persons as Manobo in its 2020 Census of Population and Housing.https://psa.gov.ph/content/ethnicity-philippines-2020-census-population-and-housing Subgroups The Manobo are considered the most diverse among the many indigenous peoples of the Philippines, with the largest number of subgroups within its Manobo languages. The National Commission on Culture and the Arts has been able to develop a tentative classification of Manobo subgroups, but notes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
