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Jikji
''Jikji'' () is the abbreviated title of a Korean Buddhism, Korean Buddhist document whose title can be translated to "Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests' Zen#Seon in Korea, Zen Teachings". Printed during the Goryeo Dynasty in 1377, it is the world's oldest extant book printed with Movable type, movable metal type. UNESCO confirmed ''Jikji'' as the world's oldest metalloid type in September 2001 and includes it in the Memory of the World Programme. ''Jikji'' was published in Heungdeoksa, Heungdeok Temple in 1377, 78 years prior to Johannes Gutenberg's acclaimed Gutenberg Bible, "42-Line Bible" printed during the years 1452–1455. The greater part of the ''Jikji'' is now lost; today only the last volume survives, and is kept at the division of the Bibliothèque nationale de France, National Library of France (BnF). The BnF has hosted a digital copy online. ''Jikji Simche'' means "If you look at a person's heart correctly through the Zen meditation, you will realize that the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jikji Prize
UNESCO's Memory of the World (MoW) Programme is an international initiative to safeguard the documentary heritage of humanity against collective amnesia, neglect, decay over time and climatic conditions, as well as deliberate destruction. It calls for the historic preservation, preservation of valuable archival holdings, library collections, and private individual compendia all over the world for posterity, the reconstitution of dispersed or displaced documentary heritage, and increased accessibility to, and dissemination of, these items. Following the establishment of the international register, UNESCO and the Memory of the World Programme have encouraged the creation of national and regional organizations as well as national and regional registers which focus on documentary heritage of great regional or national importance, but not necessarily of global importance. Overview The Memory of the World Register is a compendium of documents, manuscripts, oral traditions, audio-visual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memory Of The World
UNESCO's Memory of the World (MoW) Programme is an international initiative to safeguard the documentary heritage of humanity against collective amnesia, neglect, decay over time and climatic conditions, as well as deliberate destruction. It calls for the preservation of valuable archival holdings, library collections, and private individual compendia all over the world for posterity, the reconstitution of dispersed or displaced documentary heritage, and increased accessibility to, and dissemination of, these items. Following the establishment of the international register, UNESCO and the Memory of the World Programme have encouraged the creation of national and regional organizations as well as national and regional registers which focus on documentary heritage of great regional or national importance, but not necessarily of global importance. Overview The Memory of the World Register is a compendium of documents, manuscripts, oral traditions, audio-visual materials, library, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheongju Early Printing Museum
The Cheongju Early Printing Museum () is a museum in Cheongju, South Korea. The museum is dedicated to the history of printing in Korean culture. It is the first museum dedicated to printing in Korea. History In 1992, the museum was opened, the intention of the creation of the museum was to conserve Heungdeoksa artifacts at the Uncheon-dong land development site. In 2007, the museum was designated as a Jikji Special Cultural Zone. In 2015, a Jikji metal type printing plate was restored using traditional techniques. In 2017, 864 million won was allocated to remodel parts of the building and replace panels in the exhibits. On December 15, 2017, the museum reopened, the reopening ceremony was attended by Lee Beom-seok, Mayor of Cheongju at that time, Hwang Young-ho, Cheongju City Council Chairman and Na Gi-jeong, Jikji Cultural Association Chairman. The museum has been a major contributor "UNESCO International Archives and Heritage Center of Cheongju attractions" in 2017. Since 201 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movable Type
Movable type (US English; moveable type in British English) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable Sort (typesetting), components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual alphanumeric characters or punctuation marks) usually on the medium of paper. Overview The world's first movable type printing technology for paper books was made of porcelain materials and was invented around 1040 AD in China during the Northern Song dynasty by the inventor Bi Sheng (990–1051). The earliest printed paper money with movable metal type to print the identifying Banknote seal (China), code of the money was made in 1161 during the Song dynasty. In 1193, a book in the Song dynasty documented how to use the copper movable type. The oldest extant book printed with movable metal type, Jikji, was printed in Korea in 1377 during the Goryeo dynasty. The spread of both movable-type systems was, to some degree, limited to primarily East Asia. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Park Byeongseon
Park Byeongseon (; 1927 – 23 November 2011) was a South Korean librarian and historian. Park studied history education at Seoul National University, graduating in 1950. In 1955 she moved to France, to study Korean antiquities. Park pursued her doctorate at Paris Diderot University and became a lecturer at the Paris University. In 1967 she was employed as a special researcher at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, where she discovered in 1972 the second volume of '' JikjiSimcheYojeol'', the world's oldest extant book, printed with movable metal type, while sorting out Korean-related materials at the library. The book was displayed in 1972 at a Special Exhibition for 'Book' at the International Book Year Book Fair in Paris, where experts recognised its significance and historic value. The book's existence became publicly known in 1901, when Maurice Courant, a specialist in East Asian Studies, published ''Supplement to Korean Bibliography'' (Supplement a la Biblioqraphie C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movable Type
Movable type (US English; moveable type in British English) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable Sort (typesetting), components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual alphanumeric characters or punctuation marks) usually on the medium of paper. Overview The world's first movable type printing technology for paper books was made of porcelain materials and was invented around 1040 AD in China during the Northern Song dynasty by the inventor Bi Sheng (990–1051). The earliest printed paper money with movable metal type to print the identifying Banknote seal (China), code of the money was made in 1161 during the Song dynasty. In 1193, a book in the Song dynasty documented how to use the copper movable type. The oldest extant book printed with movable metal type, Jikji, was printed in Korea in 1377 during the Goryeo dynasty. The spread of both movable-type systems was, to some degree, limited to primarily East Asia. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheongju
Cheongju (; ) is the capital and largest list of cities in South Korea, city of North Chungcheong Province in South Korea. The 'Cheong' in the name of Chungcheong Province is the Cheong of Cheongju. History Cheongju has been an important provincial town since ancient times. In the Cheongju Mountains, particularly in the area where Sangdang Sanseong is located, ruins dating from the Old Stone Age to the Bronze Age have been discovered. Settlements associated with the Paleolithic Age have also been found in Cheongju, such as the Durubong Cave Site. After the unification of the kingdoms by Silla in 676, various parts of Korea, including Cheongju, began to adopt Buddhism. This was influenced by the Silla culture's connection with the Silk Road, which facilitated the spread of Buddhism from Nepal across Northern China to the Korean Peninsula. During the Goryeo era, particularly during the reign of Gwangjong, several monuments related to Buddhism were created. Among them is Cheol Da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heungdeoksa
The former Buddhist temple Heundeoksa () existed during the Unified Silla and Goryeo periods, in Heungdeok-gu, South Korea. The temple is believed to have been constructed prior to 848 and was destroyed by fire in the late 1370s. The exact location of Heungdeoksa remained unknown until 1985, when a number of relics were discovered as part of a land development project in the area by the Korean Land Development Corporation. The Cheongju University oversaw the archaeological excavation and confirmed it was the location of the Heungdeoksa, after discovering a bronze gong and bowl, with the temple's inscription on them. The site was designated as a historic site (No. 315) on May 7, 1986. A reproduction of a Buddhist prayer hall and a three-story stone pagoda have been constructed on the site based on the excavation survey. The temple was where the '' Buljojikjisimcheyojoel'', the world’s oldest extant book printed with movable metal type, was printed. The book was compiled by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gutenberg Bible
The Gutenberg Bible, also known as the 42-line Bible, the Mazarin Bible or the B42, was the earliest major book printed in Europe using mass-produced metal movable type. It marked the start of the "Printing Revolution, Gutenberg Revolution" and the age of printed books in the West. The book is valued and revered for its high aesthetic and artistic qualities and its historical significance. The Gutenberg Bible is an edition of the Latin Vulgate printed in the 1450s by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz (Holy Roman Empire), in present-day Germany. Out of either 158 or 180 copies that were originally printed, 49 survive in at least substantial portion, 21 of them in entirety. They are thought to be among the world's most valuable books, although no complete copy has been sold since 1978. In March 1455, the future Pope Pius II wrote that he had seen pages from the Gutenberg Bible displayed in Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt to promote the edition. The 36-line Bible, said to be the second p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International security, security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It has 194 Member states of UNESCO, member states and 12 associate members, as well as partners in the Non-governmental organization, non-governmental, Intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental and private sector. Headquartered in Paris, France, UNESCO has 53 regional field offices and 199 National Commissions for UNESCO, national commissions. UNESCO was founded in 1945 as the successor to the League of Nations' International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation.English summary). UNESCO's founding mission, which was shaped by the events of World War II, is to advance peace, sustainable development and human rights by facilitating collaboratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goryeo
Goryeo (; ) was a Korean state founded in 918, during a time of national division called the Later Three Kingdoms period, that unified and ruled the Korea, Korean Peninsula until the establishment of Joseon in 1392. Goryeo achieved what has been called a "true national unification" by Korean historians as it not only unified the Later Three Kingdoms but also incorporated much of the ruling class of the northern kingdom of Balhae, who had origins in Goguryeo of the earlier Three Kingdoms of Korea. According to Korean historians, it was during the Goryeo period that the individual identities of Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla were successfully merged into a single entity that became the basis of the modern-day Koreans, Korean identity. The name "Korea" is derived from the name of Goryeo, also romanized as Koryŏ, which was first used in the early 5th century by Goguryeo; Goryeo was a successor state to Later Goguryeo and Goguryeo. Throughout its existence, Goryeo, alongside Unified S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
