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Itinerant Justice
An eyre or iter, sometimes called a general eyre, was the name of a circuit travelled by an itinerant royal justice in medieval England (a justice in eyre), or the circuit court over which they presided, or the right of the monarch (or justices acting in their name) to visit and inspect the holdings of any vassal. The eyre involved visits and inspections at irregular intervals of the houses of vassals in the kingdom. The term is derived from Old French ''erre'', from Latin">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... ''erre'', from Latin ''iter'' ("journey"), and is cognate with errand and errant. Eyres were also held in those parts of Ireland under secure English rule from about 1220 onwards, but the eyre system seems to have largely gone into abeyance in Ireland at the end of the thirteenth century, and the last Irish eyre was held in 1322. Eyre of 1194 The eyre of 1194 was initiated under Hub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Justice
Royal justices were judges in medieval England with the power to hear pleas of the Crown. They were roving officials of the History of the English monarchy, king of England, sent to seek out notorious robbers and murderers and bring them to justice. Norman period In medieval England, the king dispensed justice. He judged cases himself with the advice of his (Latin for "king's court"). But he could also delegate this power to others. Before the Norman Conquest of 1066, each shire had its own shire court presided over by the sheriff, who was the king's representative. The laws of Cnut () reserved the most serious crimes, such as murder and treason, to the king's jurisdiction as pleas of the Crown. William the Conqueror () and William Rufus () occasionally commissioned trusted English feudal barony, barons to hear cases at the shire courts, which were called Historic counties of England, county courts after the Conquest. Under Rufus, these judicial commissions were supplemented ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxford Dictionary Of National Biography
The ''Dictionary of National Biography'' (''DNB'') is a standard work of reference on notable figures from History of the British Isles, British history, published since 1885. The updated ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (''ODNB'') was published on 23 September 2004 in 60 volumes and online, with 50,113 biographical articles covering 54,922 lives. First series Hoping to emulate national biography, biographical collections published elsewhere in Europe, such as the (1875), in 1882 the publisher George Murray Smith, George Smith (1824–1901), of Smith, Elder & Co., planned a universal dictionary that would include biographical entries on individuals from world history. He approached Leslie Stephen, then editor of the ''Cornhill Magazine'', owned by Smith, to become the editor. Stephen persuaded Smith that the work should focus only on subjects from the United Kingdom and its present and former colonies. An early working title was the ''Biographia Britannica'', the na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Of Pattishall
Martin of Pattishall (died 14 November 1229) was an English judge. He took his name from the village of Pattishall in Northamptonshire and was the clerk of Simon of Pattishall, although they were apparently unrelated. By 1201 he was already respected enough to be collecting the Plea rolls from the clerks of other judges on Eyre. After the end of the First Barons' War Pattishall became the leader of Henry III's professional legal servants, and was instrumental in reestablishing the courts. Between 1217 and 1218 he was a justice on Eyre in Yorkshire and Northumberland, in 1220–1221 in Hertfordshire and at the Tower of London, in March and April 1226 again at the Tower of London; from September 1226 to February 1227 in Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Westmorland; and between September 1227 and October 1228 in Kent, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk, and Suffolk. One of his clerks wrote that: In 1217 he was made Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, a position his former ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John De Baalun
John de Baalun or Balun (died 1235), was a justice itinerant and baron. Baalun possessed estates in Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, and Wiltshire. He was descended in the male line from Roger de Breteuil, 2nd Earl of Hereford Roger de Breteuil, 2nd Earl of Hereford (c. 1056 – after 1087), succeeded in 1071 to the earldom of Hereford and the English estate of his father, William Fitz-Osbern. He is known to history for his role in the Revolt of the Earls. Revolt ..., but owed his surname and most of his lands to his descent from Hamelin de Baalun (d. 1104), who had been granted holdings in Wales and adjacent English counties by King William II. John's father, Reginald de Balun, had claimed some of these lands as maternal grandson of Hamelin, and in 1207 John de Balun paid a fine for the lands of Hamelin, on behalf of his father, to Geoffrey Fitz-Ace and Agnes, his wife, and 100 marks and a palfrey to the king. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John De Bayeux
John de Bayeux or de Baiocis (died 1249), was an English justice itinerant. John was a son of Hugh de Baiocis, a Lincolnshire baron, by Alienora his wife. He had property in Bristol and Dorset, but in 16 and 17 John forfeited it on outlawry for murder. In 1218 he paid a relief of £100 and took possession of the family estates in Lincolnshire, and in the same year was judge itinerant for the counties of Cornwall, Devon, Somerset, and Dorset, along with "J. Bathon. et Glascon. Episc.." The next year, an inquisition was held before the chief justice as to whether an appeal by Robert de Tillebroc against him, his mother, brother, and three others, was malicious. Nevertheless, in the great assizes of 1224–5, he was again itinerant justice in Dorset, and in the same year was also justice of forests and constable of the castle of Plympton. In 1234 he was charged with the homicide Homicide is an act in which a person causes the death of another person. A homicide requires only a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas De Heydon
Thomas may refer to: People * List of people with given name Thomas * Thomas (name) * Thomas (surname) * Saint Thomas (other) * Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church * Thomas the Apostle * Thomas (bishop of the East Angles) (fl. 640s–650s), medieval Bishop of the East Angles * Thomas (Archdeacon of Barnstaple) (fl. 1203), Archdeacon of Barnstaple * Thomas, Count of Perche (1195–1217), Count of Perche * Thomas (bishop of Finland) (1248), first known Bishop of Finland * Thomas, Earl of Mar (1330–1377), 14th-century Earl, Aberdeen, Scotland Geography Places in the United States * Thomas, Idaho * Thomas, Illinois * Thomas, Oklahoma * Thomas, Oregon * Thomas, South Dakota * Thomas, Virginia * Thomas, Washington * Thomas, West Virginia * Thomas County (other) * Thomas Township (other) Elsewhere * Thomas Glacier (Greenland) Arts and entertainment * ''Thomas'' (Burton novel), a 1969 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Of Pattishall
Walter of Pattishall (died 1231/32) was an English justice and administrator. He was the eldest son of Simon of Pattishall, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and elder brother of Hugh of Pattishall, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield. He inherited lands in Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Lincolnshire, Yorkshire and elsewhere, and as a result of his marriage to Margery, daughter of Richard d'Argentan, he acquired lands in Bedfordshire. He followed his father's footsteps and became a justice, although with less success. His first appointment was as an itinerant justice in the South Midlands between 1218 and 1219, followed by occasional service as a royal justice, sitting for the last time in June 1231. Although not a successful justice, he was appointed High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire on 18 January 1224 to replace Falkes de Breauté, who was becoming increasingly unpopular in the royal court. Following de Breauté's rebellion in 1224, culminating in the succ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas De Multon, Lord
Sir Thomas Moulton, Moleton, Muleton, or Multon (died 1240), also recorded as Thomas de Moulton, Thomas of Moulton, etc., was an English landowner, knight, and judge during the reigns of King John and King Henry III. From a family with landholdings in the south of Lincolnshire, he was the son and heir of Thomas Moulton (died before 1198) and his wife Eleanor Boston. After initial military service, he became a senior judge and held important government positions, in the process extending his inherited estates and accumulating considerable wealth. (subscription or UK public library membership required) Career As a knight, he served in King John's forces in the Normandy campaigns of 1202–04, against Llywelyn the Great in Wales in 1211 and in Poitou in 1214. In between, he obtained administrative posts, becoming sheriff of Lincolnshire from 1205 to 1208 and serving on royal enquiries in 1213 and 1214. Siding with the rebels when civil war broke out in the First Barons' War in 1215 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerard De Camville
Gerard de Camville (died 1214),was an Anglo-Norman landowner and administrator who was a loyal supporter of King Henry II of England and of his son King John, and through his wife obtained the posts of sheriff of Lincolnshire and constable of Lincoln Castle. Origins His family came from Canville-les-Deux-Églises near Dieppe, an important place in medieval times but now a small farming village. Born before 1153, he was the son of Richard de Canville, lord of the manor of Middleton Stoney in Oxfordshire where he had a castle, and his first wife Alice. His father was a loyal supporter of King Stephen of England, and of his successor Henry II, until his death in 1176 when most of his lands passed to his son. Career Already from 1174 a close associate of the king, by 1185 he had married a widowed heiress, Nicola de la Haie, and as her husband held not only her lands in England and Normandy but also her hereditary offices of sheriff of Lincolnshire and constable of Lincoln Cas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Of Staines
Richard of Staines (or Richard de Stanes) was an English clerical judge. He acted as an Itinerant Justice, visiting 11 counties in 1208 before his appointment as a justice of the Court of King's Bench in 1209. He became Lord Chief Justice in 1269, and after the coronation of Edward I Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Latin: Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he was Lord of Ireland, and from 125 ... in 1273 was moved to the Court of Common Pleas. He died in 1277. References 1277 deaths Justices of the common pleas Lord chief justices of England and Wales Justices of the King's Bench 13th-century English people Year of birth unknown {{England-law-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Of Pattishall
Simon of Pattishall (or Pateshull) (died 1217) was an English judge and civil servant who is considered the first Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. Life The first appearance of Pattishall in the records was in 1190, where he served as the escheator for Northamptonshire and also as a judge, serving in Westminster and as a circuit justice or ''Eyre''. He entered the administration in 1193, most likely thanks to his association with Geoffrey Fitz Peter, and was appointed High Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire, a position he held until 1194. In 1194 as part of Richard I's reshuffling of sheriffs following his release from captivity, he was made High Sheriff of Northamptonshire until 1203. During the reigns of Richard I's and John he served as an itinerant justice, and emerged as the senior justice of the Court of Common Pleas around 1190, a role that was only disrupted by the First Barons' War. He served with the court in 1204, and again in 1207 continuously until John's departu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Marmion, 3rd Baron Marmion Of Tamworth
Robert Marmion, 3rd Baron Marmion of Tamworth (died 1218) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman and itinerant justice. He was reputed to have been the King's Champion but his grandson, Phillip, is the first Marmion to have a solid claim to this. Robert was descended from the lords of Fontenay-le-Marmion in Normandy, who are said to have been hereditary champions of the Dukes of Normandy. Career Marmion first appears as a justiciar at Caen in 1177. He was one of the justices before whom fines were levied in 1184, and from 1185 to 1189 was Sheriff of Worcestershire. He was an itinerant justice for Warwickshire and Leicestershire in 1187-1188, Staffordshire in 1187–1192, Shropshire in 1187–1194, Herefordshire in 1188–1190, Worcestershire in 1189, Gloucestershire in 1189–1191 and 1193, and Bristol in 1194. Marmion had taken the vow to join the crusade, but had bought his way out of it. In 1195 he was with Richard in Normandy, and in 1197 witnessed the treaty between Richard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
