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Isovanillin
Isovanillin is a phenolic aldehyde, an organic compound and isomer of vanillin. It is a selective inhibitor of aldehyde oxidase. It is not a substrate of that enzyme, and is metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenase into isovanillic acid, which could make it a candidate drug for use in alcohol aversion therapy. Isovanillin can be used as a precursor in the chemical total synthesis of morphine. The proposed metabolism of isovanillin (and vanillin) in rat has been described in literature, and is part of the WikiPathways machine readable pathway collection. See also * Vanillin Vanillin is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a phenolic aldehyde. Its functional groups include aldehyde, hydroxyl, and ether. It is the primary component of the ethanolic extract of the vanilla bean. Synthetic vanillin ... * 2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde * ortho-Vanillin * 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde References Hydroxybenzaldehydes Flavors Perfume ingredients Phe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanillin
Vanillin is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a phenolic aldehyde. Its functional groups include aldehyde, hydroxyl, and ether. It is the primary component of the ethanolic extract of the vanilla bean. Synthetic vanillin is now used more often than natural vanilla extract as a flavoring in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals. Vanillin and ethylvanillin are used by the food industry; ethylvanillin is more expensive, but has a stronger note. It differs from vanillin by having an ethoxy group (−O−CH2CH3) instead of a methoxy group (−O−CH3). Natural vanilla extract is a mixture of several hundred different compounds in addition to vanillin. Artificial vanilla flavoring is often a solution of pure vanillin, usually of synthetic origin. Because of the scarcity and expense of natural vanilla extract, synthetic preparation of its predominant component has long been of interest. The first commercial synthesis of vanillin began with the more readily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde is a chemical compound and an isomer of vanillin. Urolithin M7, one of the urolithins, has also been synthesized from 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde using the inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction. See also * Vanillin * 2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde * Isovanillin Isovanillin is a phenolic aldehyde, an organic compound and isomer of vanillin. It is a selective inhibitor of aldehyde oxidase. It is not a substrate of that enzyme, and is metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenase into isovanillic acid, which cou ... * ortho-Vanillin References Hydroxybenzaldehydes {{phenol-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanillin
Vanillin is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a phenolic aldehyde. Its functional groups include aldehyde, hydroxyl, and ether. It is the primary component of the ethanolic extract of the vanilla bean. Synthetic vanillin is now used more often than natural vanilla extract as a flavoring in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals. Vanillin and ethylvanillin are used by the food industry; ethylvanillin is more expensive, but has a stronger note. It differs from vanillin by having an ethoxy group (−O−CH2CH3) instead of a methoxy group (−O−CH3). Natural vanilla extract is a mixture of several hundred different compounds in addition to vanillin. Artificial vanilla flavoring is often a solution of pure vanillin, usually of synthetic origin. Because of the scarcity and expense of natural vanilla extract, synthetic preparation of its predominant component has long been of interest. The first commercial synthesis of vanillin began with the more readily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde is an organic compound and an isomer of vanillin. Synthesis and reactions The chemical is produced by the Reimer-Tiemann reaction on 4-methoxyphenol with a 79% yield. It reacts with malononitrile to form 2-imino-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carbonitrile. It can be reduced by sodium borohydride in ethanol to form 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzyl alcohol. See also * Vanillin * Isovanillin * ortho-Vanillin * 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde is a chemical compound and an isomer of vanillin. Urolithin M7, one of the urolithins, has also been synthesized from 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde using the inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction. See ... References Phenol ethers Hydroxybenzaldehydes {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anisaldehyde
4-Anisaldehyde, or ''p''-Anisaldehyde, is an organic compound with the formula CH3OC6H4CHO. The molecule consists of a benzene ring with a formyl and a methoxy group. It is a colorless liquid with a strong aroma. It provides sweet, floral and strong aniseed odor. Two isomers of 4-anisaldehyde are known, ''ortho''-anisaldehyde and ''meta''-anisaldehyde. They are less commonly encountered. Production Anisaldehyde is prepared commercially by oxidation of 4- methoxytoluene (''p''-cresyl methyl ether) using manganese dioxide to convert a methyl group to the aldehyde group. It can also be produced by oxidation of anethole, a related fragrance that is found in some alcoholic beverages, by oxidative cleavage of an alkene. Uses Being structurally related to vanillin, 4-anisaldehyde is a widely used in the fragrance and flavor industry. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds important in pharmaceuticals and perfumery. The related ''ortho'' isomer has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphine
Morphine, formerly also called morphia, is an opiate that is found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin produced by drying the latex of opium poppies (''Papaver somniferum''). It is mainly used as an analgesic (pain medication). There are multiple methods used to administer morphine: oral; sublingual administration, sublingual; via inhalation; intramuscular, injection into a muscle, Subcutaneous injection, injection under the skin, or injection into the spinal cord area; transdermal; or via rectal administration, rectal suppository. It acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to induce analgesia and alter perception and emotional response to pain. Physical and psychological dependence and tolerance may develop with repeated administration. It can be taken for both acute pain and chronic pain and is frequently used for pain from myocardial infarction, kidney stones, and during Childbirth, labor. Its maximum effect is reached after about 20 minutes when administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavors
Flavour or flavor is either the sensory perception of taste or smell, or a flavoring in food that produces such perception. Flavour or flavor may also refer to: Science * Flavors (programming language), an early object-oriented extension to Lisp *Flavour (particle physics) In particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the ''species'' of an elementary particle. The Standard Model counts six flavours of quarks and six flavours of leptons. They are conventionally parameterized with ''flavour quantum numbers'' ..., a quantum number of elementary particles related to their weak interactions *Flavor of Linux, another term for any particular Linux distribution; by extension, "flavor" can be applied to any program or other computer code that exists in more than one current variant at the same time Film and TV * ''Flavors'' (film), romantic comedy concerning Asian-Indian immigrants in America * Flavour Network, is a Canadian TV channel with shows about food. Music Art ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroxybenzaldehydes
Hydroxybenzaldehydes are phenolic aldehydes. The term may refer to: * Salicylaldehyde Salicylic aldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) is an organic compound with the formula . Along with 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, it is one of the three isomers of hydroxybenzaldehyde. This colorless oily liquid has a bitter almo ... (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) * 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde * 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde {{Short pages monitor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WikiPathways
WikiPathways is a community resource for contributing and maintaining content dedicated to biological pathways. Any registered WikiPathways user can contribute, and anybody can become a registered user. Contributions are monitored by a group of admins, but the bulk of peer review, editorial curation, and maintenance is the responsibility of the user community. WikiPathways is originally built using MediaWiki software, a custom graphical pathway editing tool ( PathVisio) and integrated BridgeDb databases covering major gene, protein, and metabolite systems. WikiPathways was founded in 2008 by Thomas Kelder, Alex Pico, Martijn Van Iersel, Kristina Hanspers, Bruce Conklin and Chris Evelo. Current architects are Alex Pico and Martina Summer-Kutmon. Pathway content Each article at WikiPathways is dedicated to a particular pathway. Many types of molecular pathways are covered, including metabolic, signaling, regulatory, etc. and the supported species include human, mouse, zebrafish, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rattus Norvegicus
''Rattus'' is a genus of muroid rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus. Species and description The best-known ''Rattus'' species are the black rat (''R. rattus'') and the brown rat (''R. norvegicus''). The group is generally known as the Old World rats or true rats and originated in Asia. Rats are bigger than most Old World mice, which are their relatives, but seldom weigh over in the wild. Taxonomy of ''Rattus'' The genus ''Rattus'' is a member of the giant subfamily Murinae. Several other murine genera are sometimes considered part of ''Rattus'': ''Lenothrix'', '' Anonymomys'', '' Sundamys'', '' Kadarsanomys'', '' Diplothrix'', '' Margaretamys'', '' Lenomys'', '' Komodomys'', '' Palawanomys'', '' Bunomys'', ''Nesoromys'', ''Stenomys'', '' Taeromys'', '' Paruromys'', '' Abditomys'', '' Tryphomys'', '' Limnomys'', '' Tarsomys'', '' Bullimus'', '' Apomys'', '' Millardia'', '' Srilankamys'', '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Precursor (chemistry)
In chemistry, a precursor is a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound. In biochemistry Biochemistry, or biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology, a ..., the term "precursor" often refers more specifically to a chemical compound preceding another in a metabolic pathway, such as a protein precursor. Illicit drug precursors In 1988, the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances introduced detailed provisions and requirements relating the control of precursors used to produce drugs of abuse. In Europe the Regulation (EC) No. 273/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council on drug precursors was adopted on 11 February 2004. ( European law on drug precursors) Illicit explosives precursors On Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
