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House Of Medina Sidonia
The House of Medina Sidonia (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Casa de Medina Sidonia'') is a Spanish Nobility, noble house originating from the crown of Castile, whose name comes from the Duke of Medina Sidonia, a hereditary Imperial, royal and noble ranks, noble title that John II of Castile granted to Juan Alonso de Guzmán, 1st Duke of Medina Sidonia, Juan Alonso Perez de Guzman, 3rd Count of Niebla, on February 17, 1445, as a reward for his services to the crown. The Dukedom of Medina Sidonia is the oldest hereditary dukedom in the kingdom of Spain. The founder of the House of Medina Sidonia was ''Guzmán El Bueno, Guzmán el Bueno'', since he was the one who laid the foundations on which the house would be built. His descendants accumulated possessions and titles that increased the power of the lineage, which received the definitive backing in 1445 with the concession of the Dukedom of Medina Sidonia, which in 1520 was granted the original Grandee, Grandee of Spain. In addition, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Escudo Duque De Medina-Sidonia
The escudo (Portuguese language, Portuguese: 'shield') is a unit of currency which is used in Cape Verde, and which has been used by Portugal, Spain and their colonies. The original coin was worth 16 silver . The Cape Verdean escudo is, and the Portuguese escudo was, subdivided into 100 . Its symbol is the , a letter S with two vertical bars superimposed used between the units and the subdivision (for example, ). In Spain and its colonies, the ''Spanish escudo, escudo'' refers to a gold coin worth sixteen ''Spanish real, reales de plata'' or forty ''reales de vellón''. Currencies named "escudo" Circulating *Cape Verdean escudo Obsolete *Angolan escudo *Chilean escudo *Écu, French écu *Mozambican escudo *Portuguese escudo *Portuguese Guinean escudo *Portuguese Indian escudo *Portuguese Timorese escudo *São Tomé and Príncipe escudo *Spanish escudo References Escudo, Denominations (currency) {{coin-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
John II Of Castile
John II of Castile (; 6 March 1405 – 20 July 1454) was King of Castile and León from 1406 to 1454. He succeeded his older sister, Maria of Castile, Queen of Aragon, as Prince of Asturias in 1405. Regency John was the son of King Henry III and his wife, Catherine of Lancaster, a granddaughter of King Peter; Peter had been ousted by Henry III's grandfather King Henry II. John succeeded his father on 25 December 1406, and united in his person the claims of both Peter and Henry II. His mother and his uncle, King Ferdinand I of Aragon, were co-regents during his minority. When Ferdinand I died in 1416, his mother governed alone until her death in 1418. Personal rule John II's reign, lasting 48 years, was one of the longest in Castilian history, but John himself was not a particularly capable monarch. His birth was a consequence of a diplomatic agreement in 1386, negotiated by his grandfather's royal steward and ambassador Diego López de Medrano, Lord of Agoncillo, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Alfonso X Of Castile
Alfonso X (also known as the Wise, ; 23 November 1221 – 4 April 1284) was King of Castile, Kingdom of León, León and Kingdom of Galicia, Galicia from 1 June 1252 until his death in 1284. During the April 1257 Imperial election, election of 1257, a dissident faction chose him to be king of Germany on 1 April. He renounced his claim to Germany in 1275, and in creating an alliance with the Kingdom of England in 1254, his claim on the Duchy of Gascony as well. Alfonso's scientific interests—he is sometimes nicknamed the Astrologer (''el Astrólogo'')—led him to sponsor the creation of the Alfonsine tables, and the Alphonsus (crater), Alphonsus crater on the Moon is named after him. He also sponsored the work of historians who, for the first time since Isidore of Seville in , placed Spain in the context of world history. As a lawmaker he introduced the first vernacular law code in Castile, the ''Siete Partidas''. He created the Mesta, an association of sheep farmers in the cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lower Andalusia
Lower may refer to: * ''Lower'' (album), 2025 album by Benjamin Booker *Lower (surname) *Lower Township, New Jersey *Lower Receiver (firearms) *Lower Wick Lower Wick is a small hamlet located in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is situated about five miles south west of Dursley, eighteen miles southwest of Gloucester and fifteen miles northeast of Bristol. Lower Wick is within the civil ... Gloucestershire, England See also * Nizhny {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Marinid Sultanate
The Marinid dynasty ( ) was a Berbers, Berber Muslim dynasty that controlled present-day Morocco from the mid-13th to the 15th century and intermittently controlled other parts of North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and of the southern Iberian Peninsula (Spain) around Gibraltar. It was named after the Banu Marin (, Berber languages, Berber: ''Ayt Mrin''), a Zenata, Zenata Berber tribe. It ruled the Marinid sultanate, founded by Abd al-Haqq I.C.E. Bosworth, ''The New Islamic Dynasties'', (Columbia University Press, 1996), 41-42. In 1244, after being at their service for several years, the Marinids overthrew the Almohad Caliphate, Almohads which had controlled Morocco. At the height of their power in the mid-14th century, during the reigns of Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Othman, Abu al-Hasan and his son Abu Inan Faris, Abu Inan, the Marinid dynasty briefly held sway over most of the Maghreb including large parts of modern-day Algeria and Tunisia. The Marinids supported the Emirate of Grana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Leoncio Alonso González De Gregorio, 22nd Duke Of Medina Sidonia
Leoncio Alonso González de Gregorio y Álvarez de Toledo, 22nd Duke of Medina Sidonia, GE (born 3 January 1956) is a Spanish aristocrat and historian. Born in Madrid, Medina Sidonia is the eldest son of Leoncio González de Gregorio y Martí and his wife Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo, 21st Duchess of Medina Sidonia. The Duke is Professor of History at the University of Castile-La Mancha and of the Diplomatic School of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation. Family González de Gregorio married firstly his distant cousin María Montserrat Viñamata y Martorell, younger daughter of Luis Viñamata y Emmanueli and The Countess of Alba de Liste, on 12 December 1983, and divorced in 1998. They had two children: * ''Don'' Alonso Enrique González de Gregorio y Viñamata, 14th Duke of Fernandina (b. 1983) * ''Doña'' María de la Soledad González de Gregorio y Viñamata (b. 1989), who married in September 2017 Jérémy Bégard. The Duke married secondly Pamela Garcí ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Francisco De Borja Álvarez De Toledo, 12th Marquis Of Villafranca
Francisco de Borja Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga, 12th Marquis of Villafranca (9 June 1763 – 12 February 1821) inherited the title of Marquis of Villafranca and Duke of Medina Sidonia from his elder brother José Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba in 1796, as well as becoming the 14th Marquis of Cazaza, 10th Duke of Bivona and 12th Marquis of Los Vélez. Early life Álvarez de Toledo was born on 9 June 1763 in Madrid, Spain. He was a younger son of Antonio Álvarez de Toledo, 10th Marquis of Villafranca, Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo and Princess Maria Antonia Gonzaga y Caracciolo. Among his siblings was elder brother, José Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba, José Álvarez de Toledo, ''jure uxoris'' Duke of Alba (from his marriage to María del Pilar Teresa Cayetana de Silva y Álvarez de Toledo, 13th Duchess of Alba), Pedro de Alcántara Álvarez de Toledo, Count of Miranda (who married Duke of Peñaranda de Duero, María del Carmen Josefa de Zúñiga, 13th Duchess of Peñaran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Marquis Of Villafranca Del Bierzo
250px, Castle of Villafranca. Villafranca del Bierzo ( Galician: Vilafranca do Bierzo) is a village and municipality located in the comarca of El Bierzo, in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain. Villafranca del Bierzo lies 187 kilometers from Santiago de Compostela and is located between Ponferrada and O Cebreiro on the Way of St. James pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela. History The first human settlements in the area date to the Neolithic age, while the first historically known people living here were the Celtiberians, who lived in ''Bergidum'', later known as ''Bergidum Flavium'' after the Roman conquest. In the Middle Ages, the town is first mentioned in 791. The origin of the modern town is connected to the Way of St. James, as a rest place for the pilgrims on their way to Santiago de Compostela beginning in the 9th century. In the ''Codex Calixtinus'' Villafranca is mentioned as an intermediate stage between Rabornal and Triacastela. In 1070, durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
José Álvarez De Toledo, Duke Of Alba
'' Don'' José Álvarez de Toledo Osorio y Gonzaga, 11th Marquess of Villafranca, Grandee of Spain, ''jure uxoris'' Duke of Alba de Tormes, Grandee of Spain (16 July 1756 – 9 June 1796) was a patron of the artist Francisco Goya. Early life Álvarez de Toledo was born on 16 July 1756 in Madrid. He was the eldest son of Antonio Álvarez de Toledo, 10th Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo and Princess Maria Antonia Gonzaga. His paternal grandparents were Fadrique Vicente de Toledo Osorio, 9th Marquis of Villafranca and Juana Pérez de Guzmán y Silva (a daughter of Manuel Pérez de Guzmán, 12th Duke of Medina Sidonia). His maternal grandparents were Francesco Gonzaga, 1st Duke of Solferino (a son of Ferdinando Gonzaga, 3rd Prince of Castiglione) and Giulia Caracciolo di Santo Buono (a daughter of Carmine Caracciolo, 5th Prince of Santo Buono). At thirteen, he became chamberlain to King Charles IV of Spain. Career A year after his marriage, he inherited the dukedom of Medina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pedro De Alcántara Alonso Pérez De Guzmán, 14th Duke Of Medina Sidonia
Pedro de Alcántara Alonso Pérez de Guzmán y Lopez-Pacheco, 14th Duke of Medina Sidonia (Madrid, 25 August 1724 – Vilafranca del Penedès, 6 January 1779) was a Spanish noble who became Duke of Medina Sidonia in 1739. Biography His parents were Domingo José Claros Pérez de Guzmán, 13th Duke of Medina Sidonia and Josefa Fenicula López Pacheco y Moscoso-Osorio (1703-1763), daughter of the 9th Duke of Escalona. He was married on 22 October 1743, aged 19, to Mariana de Silva y Álvarez de Toledo, whose mother was María Teresa Álvarez de Toledo Haro, and 11th Duchess of Alba de Tormes in her own right. He became a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1753, aged 29. He was also Caballerizo mayor to King Charles III. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted by the Fellows of the Royal Society of London to individuals who have made a "substantial contribution to the improve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Álvarez De Toledo
Álvarez or Álvares may refer to: People *Álvarez (surname), Spanish surname Places * Alvares (river), a river in northern Spain * Alvares (ski resort), in Iran * Alvares, Iran * Alvares, Portugal * Álvarez, Santa Fe, a town in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina *Álvarez, Tamaulipas, Mexico * Alvarez Glacier, Antarctica *General Mariano Alvarez, Cavite, Philippines * Los Alvarez, Texas, US * 3581 Alvarez, an asteroid Other uses * Alvarez (''Gotham''), a character in the TV series ''Gotham'' * Manny Alvarez, a character in ''The Last of Us Part II'' *Alvarez Guitars, an acoustic guitar manufacturer *"Alvarez", a song by the band Funeral for a Friend *"Uncle Alvarez", a song by Liz Phair See also *Álvares, a Portuguese and Galician surname *Alvarez' syndrome Walter Clement Alvarez (July 22, 1884June 18, 1978) was an American physician of Spanish descent. He authored several dozen books on medicine, and wrote introductions and forewords for many others. Biography He was bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Count Of Niebla
Duke of Medina Sidonia () is a peerage grandee title of Spain in Medina-Sidonia, holding the oldest wiktionary:extant, extant Dukedom (rank), dukedom in the kingdom, first awarded by King John I of Castile in 1380. His father, Henry II of Castile (c.1334-1379), had an illegitimate son named Enrique de Castilla y de Sousa with Juana de Sousa, but after being made a Duke by his half-brother in 1380, he died in 1404, without a successor. The title then returned to the Crown. The title of Duke of Medina Sidonia was awarded a second time on February 1445 by King John II of Castile to Juan Alonso de Guzmán, 1st Duke of Medina Sidonia, Juan Alonso de Guzmán, 3rd Count of Niebla (1410-1468). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
