|
Horse-fly
Horse flies and deer flies are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect Order (biology), order Diptera. The adults are often large and agile in flight. Only females bite land vertebrates, including humans, to hematophagy, obtain blood. They prefer to fly in sunlight, avoiding dark and shady areas, and are inactive at night. They are found all over the world except for some islands and the polar regions (Hawaii, Greenland, Iceland). Both horse flies and botflies (Oestridae) are sometimes referred to as gadflies. Adult horse flies feed on nectar and plant exudates; males have weak insect mouthparts, mouthparts, but females have mouthparts strong enough to puncture the skin of large animals. This is for the purpose of obtaining enough protein from blood to produce eggs. The mouthparts of females are formed into a stout stabbing organ with two pairs of sharp cutting blades, and a spongelike part used to lap up the blood that flows from the wound. The larvae are predaceous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pangoniinae
Pangoniinae is a subfamily of horse-flies in the order Diptera, containing at seven tribes and over 40 genera. Insects in this subfamily are distinguished from other Tabanidae by possession of ocelli and the antennal flagellum usually has eight rings. Tribes and genera The following listing of genera and tribes is based on Josef Moucha's ''Synoptic Catalogue'', with tribe Scionini revised as in Lessard (2014) with the creation of two new tribes, Goniopsini and Mycteromyiini. Braunsiomyiini Tribe Braunsiomyiini *'' Braunsiomyia'' Goniopsini Tribe Goniopsini Lessard, 2014 *'' Goniops'' Aldrich, 1892 Mycteromyiini Tribe Mycteromyiini Lessard, 2014 *'' Caenopangonia'' Kröber, 1930 Pangoniini Tribe Pangoniini *'' Archeomyotes Philip & Coscarón, 1971 *'' Apatolestes'' Williston, 1885 *'' Asaphomyia'' Stone, 1953 *'' Austromyans'' Philip & Coscarón, 1971 *'' Austroplex'' Mackerras, 1955 *'' Brennania'' Philip, 1941 *'' Caenoprosopon'' Ricardo, 1915 *'' Ecteno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabanus Sulcifrons
''Tabanus sulcifrons'' is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae, widely distributed throughout the eastern half of the United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ... and adjacent regions of southern Canada. Subspecies These two subspecies belong to the species ''Tabanus sulcifrons'': * ''Tabanus sulcifrons sulcifrons'' Macquart, 1855 * ''Tabanus sulcifrons variegatus'' Fabricius, 1805 References Tabanidae Insects described in 1855 Diptera of North America Taxa named by Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart {{tabanoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flies
Flies are insects of the Order (biology), order Diptera, the name being derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced mechanosensory organs known as halteres, which act as high-speed sensors of rotational movement and allow dipterans to perform advanced aerobatics. Diptera is a large order containing more than 150,000 species including horse-flies, crane flies, hoverflies, mosquitoes and others. Flies have a mobile head, with a pair of large compound eyes, and mouthparts designed for piercing and sucking (mosquitoes, black flies and robber flies), or for lapping and sucking in the other groups. Their wing arrangement gives them great manoeuvrability in flight, and claws and pads on their feet enable them to cling to smooth surfaces. Flies undergo complete metamorphosis; the eggs are often laid on the larval food-source and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loa Loa
''Loa loa'' is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm) that causes Loa loa filariasis, ''Loa loa'' filariasis. ''Loa loa'' actually means "worm worm", but is commonly known as the "eye worm", as it localizes to the conjunctiva of the eye. ''Loa loa'' is commonly found in Africa.Schmidt, Gerald et al. "Foundations of Parasitology". 7th ed. McGraw Hill, New York, NY, 2005. It mainly inhabits rain forests in West Africa and has native origins in Ethiopia. The disease caused by ''Loa loa'' is called loiasis and is one of the neglected tropical diseases. ''L. loa'' is one of three parasitic filarial nematodes that cause Subcutaneous tissue, subcutaneous filariasis in humans. The other two are ''Mansonella streptocerca and Onchocerca volvulus'' (causes river blindness). Maturing larvae and adults of the "eye worm" occupy the subcutaneous layer of the skin – the fat layer – of humans, causing disease. The ''L. loa'' adult worm which travels under the skin can survive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diptera
Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced mechanosensory organs known as halteres, which act as high-speed sensors of rotational movement and allow dipterans to perform advanced aerobatics. Diptera is a large order containing more than 150,000 species including horse-flies, crane flies, hoverflies, mosquitoes and others. Flies have a mobile head, with a pair of large compound eyes, and mouthparts designed for piercing and sucking (mosquitoes, black flies and robber flies), or for lapping and sucking in the other groups. Their wing arrangement gives them great manoeuvrability in flight, and claws and pads on their feet enable them to cling to smooth surfaces. Flies undergo complete metamorphosis; the eggs are often laid on the larval food-source and the larvae, which lack true ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trypanosoma
''Trypanosoma'' is a genus of kinetoplastids (class Trypanosomatidae), a monophyletic group of unicellular parasitic flagellate protozoa. Trypanosoma is part of the phylum Euglenozoa. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek ''trypano-'' (borer) and ''soma'' (body) because of their corkscrew-like motion. Most trypanosomes are heteroxenous (requiring more than one obligatory host to complete life cycle) and most are transmitted via a vector. The majority of species are transmitted by blood-feeding invertebrates, but there are different mechanisms among the varying species. '' Trypanosoma equiperdum'' is spread between horses and other equine species by sexual contact. They are generally found in the intestine of their invertebrate host, but normally occupy the bloodstream or an intracellular environment in the vertebrate host. Trypanosomes infect a variety of hosts and cause various diseases, including the fatal human diseases sleeping sickness, caused by '' Trypanosoma br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabaninae
Tabaninae is a subfamily in the family Horse-fly, Tabanidae commonly known as horse flies . There are more than 3000 described species in Tabaninae. Tribes and genera Diachlorini *''Acanthocera'' Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart, Macquart, 1834 *''Acellomyia'' Gonzalez, 1999 *''Anacimas'' Günther Enderlein, Enderlein, 1923 *''Anaerythrops'' Barretto, 1948 *''Atelozella'' Joseph Charles Bequaert, Bequaert, 1930 *''Atelozomyia'' Dias, 1987 *''Bartolomeudiasiella'' Dias, 1987 *''Bolbodimyia'' Jacques-Marie-Frangile Bigot, Bigot, 1892 *''Buestanmyia'' González, 2021 *''Catachlorops'' Adolfo Lutz, Lutz, 1909 *''Chalybosoma'' Harold Oldroyd, Oldroyd, 1949 *''Chasmia'' Günther Enderlein, Enderlein, 1922 *''Chlorotabanus'' Adolfo Lutz, Lutz, 1909 *''Cretotabanus'' Graham Fairchild, Fairchild, 1969 *''Cryptotylus'' Adolfo Lutz, Lutz, 1909 *''Cydistomorpha'' Trojan, 1994 *''Cydistomyia'' Taylor, 1919 *''Dasybasis'' Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart, Macquart, 1847 *''Dasychela'' Günther Enderle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adersiinae
''Adersia'' is a genus of horseflies of the family Tabanidae. It is the only genus in the tribe Adersiini, and the only member of the subfamily Adersiinae. Species *''Adersia ambigua'' Oldroyd, 1957 *''Adersia callani'' Oldroyd, 1957 *''Adersia gandarai'' Dias, 1959 *''Adersia guichardi'' Oldroyd, 1957 *''Adersia maculenta'' (Dias, 1956) *''Adersia oestroides ''Adersia oestroides'' is a species of horse flies in the family Tabanidae. Distribution East & Southern Africa, including Zanzibar Zanzibar is a Tanzanian archipelago off the coast of East Africa. It is located in the Indian Ocean, and co ...'' ( Karsch, 1888) References {{Taxonbar, from=Q14742489 Tabanidae Brachycera genera Taxa named by Ernest Edward Austen Diptera of Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliny The Younger
Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus (born Gaius Caecilius or Gaius Caecilius Cilo; 61 – ), better known in English as Pliny the Younger ( ), was a lawyer, author, and magistrate of Ancient Rome. Pliny's uncle, Pliny the Elder, helped raise and educate him. Pliny the Younger wrote hundreds of letters, of which 247 survived, and which are of some historical value. These include 121 official memoranda addressed to Emperor Trajan (reigned 98-117). Some are addressed to reigning emperors or to notables such as the historian Tacitus. Pliny served as an imperial magistrate under Trajan, and his letters to Trajan provide one of the few surviving records of the relationship between the imperial office and provincial governors. Pliny rose through a series of civil and military offices, the ''cursus honorum''. He was a friend of the historian Tacitus and might have employed the biographer Suetonius on his staff. Pliny also came into contact with other well-known men of the period, includi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Deer
The red deer (''Cervus elaphus'') is one of the largest deer species. A male red deer is called a stag or Hart (deer), hart, and a female is called a doe or hind. The red deer inhabits most of Europe, the Caucasus Mountains region, Anatolia, Iran, and parts of western Asia. It also inhabits the Atlas Mountains of Northern Africa, being the only living species of deer to inhabit Africa. Red deer have been introduced to other areas, including Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Canada, Peru, Uruguay, Chile and Argentina. In many parts of the world, the meat (venison) from red deer is used as a food source. The red deer is a ruminant, characterized by a four-chambered stomach. Genetics, Genetic evidence indicates that the red deer, as traditionally defined, is a species group, rather than a single species, though exactly how many species the group includes remains disputed. The ancestor of the red deer probably originated in central Asia. Although at one time red deer were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus
Equine infectious anemia or equine infectious anaemia (EIA), also known by horsemen as swamp fever, is a horse disease caused by a retrovirus (Equine infectious anemia virus) and transmitted by bloodsucking insects. The virus (EIAV) is endemic in the Americas, parts of Europe, the Middle and Far East, Russia, and South Africa. The virus is a lentivirus, like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Like HIV, EIA can be transmitted through blood, milk, and body secretions. Transmission is primarily through biting flies, such as the horse-fly and deer-fly. The virus survives up to 4 hours in the vector. Contaminated surgical equipment and recycled needles and syringes, and bits can transmit the disease. Mares can transmit the disease to their foals via the placenta. The risk of transmitting the disease is greatest when an infected horse is ill, as the blood levels of the virus are then highest. Stages Acute: The acute form is a sudden onset of the disease at full-force. Symptoms incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Norse
Old Norse, also referred to as Old Nordic or Old Scandinavian, was a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their Viking expansion, overseas settlements and chronologically coincides with the Viking Age, the Christianization of Scandinavia, and the consolidation of Scandinavian kingdoms from about the 8th to the 15th centuries. The Proto-Norse language developed into Old Norse by the 8th century, and Old Norse began to develop into the modern North Germanic languages in the mid- to late 14th century, ending the language phase known as Old Norse. These dates, however, are not precise, since written Old Norse is found well into the 15th century. Old Norse was divided into three dialects: Old West Norse (Old West Nordic, often referred to as ''Old Norse''), Old East Norse (Old East Nordic), and Old Gutnish. Old West Norse and O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
