|
Hong (business)
A hong () was a type of Chinese merchant establishment and its associated type of building. Hongs arose in Guangzhou (formerly known as Canton) as intermediaries between Western and Chinese merchants during the 18th and 19th centuries under the Canton System. Canton (Guangzhou) The name "hong" () originally referred to the row of factories built outside of the city walls of Canton near the Pearl River. The Thirteen Factories were used during the Canton System period to host foreign traders and the products purchased, under the aegis of the '' cohong''. The hongs (or Factories) were usually owned by hong merchants such as Pan Zhencheng (also known as Puankhequa). The Cantonese hongs changed location several times after fires and became less important after the First Opium War (18391842), as Canton lost its monopoly of foreign trade and Hong Kong was ceded to the British as a colony. Hong Kong In Hong Kong, the name ''hong'' is used to designate major business house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merchant
A merchant is a person who trades in goods produced by other people, especially one who trades with foreign countries. Merchants have been known for as long as humans have engaged in trade and commerce. Merchants and merchant networks operated in ancient Babylonia, Assyria, China, Egypt, Greece, India, Persia, Phoenicia and Rome. During the European medieval period, a rapid expansion in trade and commerce led to the rise of a wealthy and powerful merchant class. The European Age of Discovery opened up new trading routes and gave European consumers access to a much broader range of goods. By the 18th century, a new type of manufacturer-merchant had started to emerge and modern business practices were becoming evident. The status of the merchant has varied during different periods of history and among different societies. In modern times, the term ''merchant'' has occasionally been used to refer to a businessperson or someone undertaking activities (commercial or industrial) for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russell & Company
Russell & Company () was the largest American trading house of the mid-19th century in China. The firm specialised in trading tea, silk and opium and was eventually involved in the shipping trade. Foundation In 1818, Samuel Russell was approached by Providence merchants Edward C. Carrington, Cyrus Butler and Benjamin and Thomas Hoppin to be an employee of their new resident commission firm in Canton (now referred to as Guangzhou) under the name of Samuel Russell & Company. The contract would expire after five years and the profit accumulated would be split between all parties. Russell arrived in Canton in 1819 and established Samuel Russell & Co. By 1820 the company was experiencing financial difficulties as a result of an economic depression, the Panic of 1819, which lasted until the mid-1820s. Due to these circumstances, Butler and Carrington left Samuel Russell & Co. in 1823 whilst the Hoppin brothers and Russell continued to do business in Canton. After the five-year contract ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaebol
A chaebol ( , ; , ) is a large industrial South Korean conglomerate run and controlled by an individual or family. A chaebol often consists of multiple diversified affiliates, controlled by a person or group. Several dozen large South Korean family-controlled corporate groups fall under this definition. The term first appeared in English text in 1972. Chaebol have also played a significant role in South Korean politics. In 1988, a member of a chaebol family, Chung Mong-joon, president of Hyundai Heavy Industries, successfully ran for the National Assembly of South Korea. Other business leaders were also chosen to be members of the National Assembly through proportional representation. Hyundai Group, Hyundai has made efforts in the thawing of North Korea–South Korea relations, North Korean relations, despite some controversy. Many South Korean family-run chaebol have been criticised for low dividend payouts and other governance practices that favor controlling shareholders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jebsen Group
Jebsen Group () is a marketing, investment, and distribution organisation founded in 1895. It is headquartered in Hong Kong with offices in mainland China and Macau. It consists of four business lines: Beverage, Consumer, Motors, and Jebsen Capital. It offers market access for over 200 leading companies to build their brands and market share in Greater China. Hans Michael Jebsen is the chairman of the group, with Alfons Mensdorff-Pouilly as the CEO. History Jebsen & Co. was established in Hong Kong in March 1895 by second-grade cousins Jacob Jebsen and Heinrich Jessen from Aabenraa. The company started as a shipping agency owned by Jebsen's father, who had a fleet of fourteen coastal steamers on the Chinese coasts. With expanding business range, in January 1909 Jebsen & Jessen Hamburg was founded to coordinate the European business. In December 1963, Jebsen & Jessen Group was founded by Arwed Peter Jessen to concentrate on business in South-East Asia. Milestones * 1896: Jebse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Wharf (Holdings)
The Wharf (Holdings) Limited (), or Wharf (九倉) in short, is a company founded in 1886 in Hong Kong. As its name suggests, the company's original business was in running wharfage and dockside warehousing, and it was originally known as The Hong Kong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Limited and founded by Sir Paul Chater. The company adopted its current name in 1986. The current major holder of the company is Wheelock & Co. History The company is still the owner of the Star Ferry, although this icon of Hong Kong now forms a relatively small part of the company's portfolio. The Five Flag Poles, a set of flag poles flying flags of the company, are a short walk from the Star Ferry's Tsim Sha Tsui pier and form a local landmark and meeting point. In a more modern vein, the company owns two major flagship properties in the Harbour City and Times Square shopping centres in Hong Kong. Both owe their origins to the company's transportation heritage, as they are respectiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hutchison Whampoa
Hutchison Whampoa Limited (HWL) was an investment holding company based in Hong Kong. It was a Fortune Global 500 company and one of the largest companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. HWL was an international corporation with a diverse array of holdings which included the world's biggest port, and telecommunication operations in 14 countries that were run under the 3 brand. Its businesses also included retail, property development, and infrastructure. Formed in 1863 and 1877 respectively by British entrepreneurs, it was sold in 1979 to Li Ka-shing, a Hong Kong businessman. In 2015, the company merged with Cheung Kong Group as part of a major reorganisation of the group's businesses. The combined business was renamed CK Hutchison Holdings. History Hutchison Whampoa originated as two separate companies, both founded in the 19th century. Hong Kong and Whampoa Dock was formed in 1863 by John Couper, as a port management company. Hutchison International, a wholesale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dodwell & Co
Dodwell & Co. () or Dodwell's, was one of the leading British merchant firms, or hongs, active in China and Japan during the 19th and 20th century. It was a direct rival to Jardine, Matheson & Co. History W.R. Adamson and Company – The forerunner of Dodwell & Co. The forerunner of Dodwell & Co., ''W.R. Adamson and Company'', was founded as a result of the efforts of a group of Cheshire weavers who needed to increase supplies of raw silk for their mills. On their behalf, William R. Adamson arrived in Shanghai in 1852. In 1858 he set up his own firm, W.R. Adamson and Company, in London, with its head office in Shanghai and branches in Hong Kong, Fuzhou and Hankou. It was the first of the British merchant firms to venture into Japan, opening a branch in Yokohama in the early 1860s. W.R. Adamson and Company built up an export business in tea and silk, and also a general import business, and began to acquire shipping agencies. The name changed in 1867 to ''Adamson, Bell and Comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swire Group
Swire Group ( zh, t=太古集團) is a highly diversified global conglomerate with its parent company being John Swire & Sons Limited that holds controlling stakes in a range of businesses trading in the UK, USA, Australia, Papua New Guinea, East and West Africa, and across Southeast Asia. The Group's businesses are arranged into groups: property, aviation, beverages and food chain, marine services, and trading and industrial. Its core businesses are mainly focused on Asia, with its key operations in Hong Kong and the Chinese Mainland. Within Asia, Swire's activities come under the group's publicly quoted arm, Swire Pacific Limited, which is the largest shareholder in two Hong Kong listed companies: Swire Properties and Cathay Pacific. Taikoo () is the Chinese name of Swire. It serves as the brand name for businesses such as Taikoo Sugar, Taikoo Li and Taikoo Shing. History The Swire Group's privately owned parent company is London-based ''John Swire & Sons Limited''. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inchcape Plc
Inchcape plc is a British Multinational corporation, multinational automotive distribution, retail and services company headquartered in London, England. An outgrowth of Calcutta-based Mackinnon Mackenzie Company, Inchcape has operations in 32 countries across Asia, Australia, Europe, Africa and South America. Inchcape is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. History 1847–1950 In 1847, Sir William Mackinnon, 1st Baronet, William Mackinnon and Robert Mackenzie (trader), Robert Mackenzie formed the Mackinnon Mackenzie Company (MMC), a general merchanting partnership based in Calcutta. In 1856, Mackinnon formed the ''Calcutta and Burma Steam Navigation Company'' to carry post to the region: the Company appointed MMC as its agent, secured contracts to transport British troops from Ceylon to India during the Indian Mutiny of 1857 and floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1862 under the name ''British India Steam Navigation Company''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wheelock & Co
Wheelock and Company Limited is a Hong Kong–based financial real estate company. It was listed as No. 1249 on the Forbes 2000 list. The group's principal activities are property investment, property development, property management and agency, and investment holding. The group is also involved in distribution and retail businesses including Lane Crawford, Joyce and City'super. Operations are carried out in Hong Kong, the British Virgin Islands, mainland China and Singapore. History Wheelock and Company was created from the purchase of Wheelock and Marden Company Limited, a British Hong founded as Shanghai Tug and Lighter Limited in 1857 in Shanghai by Captain Thomas Reed Wheelock (born St. Stephen, New Brunswick, 1843 – died 1920, Shanghai, China). G.E. Marden founded Marden and Company in 1925 and merged with Wheelock's tug company to form Wheelock and Marden Company Limited in 1932. The new company operated other ships and later moved their operations to Hong Kon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Russell
Samuel Russell (August 25, 1789 – May 5, 1862), was an American entrepreneur and trader, and founder of Russell & Company, the largest and most important American trading house in China from 1824 to its closing in 1891. Early life Russell was born on August 25, 1789, in Middletown, Connecticut. He was a son of Capt. John Russell and Abigail (née Warner) Russell. He was a cousin of William Huntington Russell, a co-founder of the Skull and Bones Secret Society at Yale University. At the age of 12, Russell was orphaned and did not receive any significant inheritance, and did not attend college. Instead, he began his career as apprentice clerk for a maritime trade merchant, Whittlesley & Alsop, in Middletown. It is there that Russell began learning his skills as a trader. Career In 1810, after his apprenticeship with Whittlesley & Alsop ended, he moved to New York where he hoped to prosper. In 1812, he joined Hull & Griswold, a merchant house, based in New York but es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustine Heard And Company
Augustine Heard & Co. () was a major nineteenth-century American trading firm in Qing dynasty China whose operations consisted in importing and exporting a large array of goods, including tea and opium. History and leadership Augustine Heard and Co. was founded in 1840, in Canton, China by Ipswich, Massachusetts, businessman, traveller, trader and former Russell & Co. partner Augustine Heard, and his partners, Joseph Coolidge and George Basil Dixwell. Throughout its history, it was run in large part by Heard family members, most notably Heard's four nephews from his brother George Washington Heard: John, Augustine, Albert Farley and George Washington Jr. In 1841, Augustine Heard, who had previously lived in China but had returned for health reasons to Ipswich, returned to China to head the firm until 1844. There, business flourished, notably because of the use of fast clipper ships and the import of steamships. Tea, one of the main commodities traded, did not provide much pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
