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Hiatus (anatomy)
{{set index article In anatomy, a hiatus is a natural fissure in a structure. Examples include: * Adductor hiatus In human anatomy, the adductor hiatus also known as hiatus magnus is a hiatus (gap) between the adductor magnus muscle and the femur that allows the passage of the femoral vessels from the anterior thigh to the posterior thigh and then the poplite ... * Aortic hiatus * Esophageal hiatus, the opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes from the thorax into the abdomen * Greater petrosal nerve hiatus * Maxillary hiatus * Sacral hiatus * Semilunar hiatus * Urogenital hiatus Anatomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adductor Hiatus
In human anatomy, the adductor hiatus also known as hiatus magnus is a hiatus (gap) between the adductor magnus muscle and the femur that allows the passage of the femoral vessels from the anterior thigh to the posterior thigh and then the popliteal fossa. It is the termination of the adductor canal and lies about superior to the adductor tubercle. Structure Kale et al. classified the adductor hiatus according to its shape and the structures surrounding. An adductor hiatus is described as oval or bridging depending on the shape of the upper boundary. It can also be described as muscular or fibrous depending on whether the structure surrounding is the muscular part or the tendinous part of the adductor magnus muscle. For example, the top drawing on the right shows an oval fibrous type of adductor hiatus, and the bottom one shows a bridging muscular adductor hiatus. Four structures are associated with the adductor hiatus. However, only two structures enter and then leave throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aortic Hiatus
The aortic hiatus is a midline opening in the posterior part of the diaphragm giving passage to the descending aorta as well as the thoracic duct, and variably the azygos and hemiazygos veins. It is the lowest and most posterior of the large apertures. It is located at the level of the inferior border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra (T12), posterior to the median arcuate ligament between the two crura of the diaphragm. Structure Strictly speaking, it is not an aperture in the diaphragm but an osseoaponeurotic opening between it and the vertebral column, and therefore behind the diaphragm (meaning that diaphragmatic contractions during respiration do not directly affect aortic blood flow). The hiatus is situated slightly to the left of the midline, and is bound anteriorly by the crura, and posteriorly by the body of the first lumbar vertebra The lumbar vertebrae are located between the thoracic vertebrae and pelvis. They form the lower part of the back in humans, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esophageal Hiatus
In human anatomy, the esophageal hiatus is an opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus and the vagus nerve pass. Structure The esophageal hiatus is an oval opening in (sources differ) the right crus of the diaphragm/left crus of the diaphragm, with fibres of the right crus looping around the hiatus to form a sling (upon inspiration, this sling would constrict the esophagus, forming a functional (not anatomical) sphincter that prevents gastric contents from refluxing up the esophagus when intra-abdominal pressure rises during inspiration). Fibers of the right crus decussate inferior to the hiatus. Contents The esophageal hiatus gives passage to the oesophagus as well as the anterior and the posterior vagal trunk, esophageal branches of the left gastric artery and vein, and some lymphatic vessels. The transversalis fascia lining the inferior surface of the diaphragm extends superiorly through the hiatus to blend with the endothoracic fascia and attach to the oesoph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hiatus For Greater Petrosal Nerve
The hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve is a small hole in the petrous part of the temporal bone which connects the facial canal to the middle cranial fossa. The greater petrosal nerve travels through it to branch from the facial nerve and reach the middle cranial fossa on its way to the pterygopalatine ganglion The pterygopalatine ganglion (aka Meckel's ganglion, nasal ganglion, or sphenopalatine ganglion) is a parasympathetic ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck, (the others being the s .... Foramina of the skull {{musculoskeletal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maxillary Hiatus
The maxillary hiatus (also known as maxillary sinus ostium, maxillary ostium, or opening from the maxillary sinus) is the opening of a maxillary sinus into the middle nasal meatus of the nasal cavity. It is situated superoposteriorly upon the lateral nasal wall, opening into the nasal cavity at the posterior portion of the ethmoidal infundibulum. Its opening in the maxillary sinus is present upon the superior part of the medial wall of the sinusHuman Anatomy, Jacobs, Elsevier, 2008, page 209-210Bell, G.W., et al. Maxillary sinus disease: diagnosis and treatment, ''British Dental Journal'' 210, 113 - 118 (2011) at http://www.nature.com/bdj/journal/v210/n3/full/sj.bdj.2011.47.html near the roof of the sinus; because of the position, gravity cannot drain the maxillary sinus contents when the head is erect. An accessory maxillary hiatus may be present either anterior or posterior to the inferior portion of the uncinate process of ethmoid bone. Anatomy It measures 2–4 mm in diamete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sacral Hiatus
The sacrum (: sacra or sacrums), in human anatomy, is a triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of the sacral vertebrae (S1S5) between ages 18 and 30. The sacrum situates at the upper, back part of the pelvic cavity, between the two wings of the pelvis. It forms joints with four other bones. The two projections at the sides of the sacrum are called the alae (wings), and articulate with the ilium at the L-shaped sacroiliac joints. The upper part of the sacrum connects with the last lumbar vertebra (L5), and its lower part with the coccyx (tailbone) via the sacral and coccygeal cornua. The sacrum has three different surfaces which are shaped to accommodate surrounding pelvic structures. Overall, it is concave (curved upon itself). The base of the sacrum, the broadest and uppermost part, is tilted forward as the sacral promontory internally. The central part is curved outward toward the posterior, allowing greater room for the pelvic cavity. In all ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semilunar Hiatus
The semilunar hiatus (eg, hiatus semilunaris) is a crescent-shaped/semicircular/ curved slit/groove upon the lateral wall of the nasal cavity at the middle nasal meatus just inferior to the ethmoidal bulla. It is the location of the openings for the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, and anterior ethmoidal sinus. It is bounded inferiorly and anteriorly by the sharp concave margin of the uncinate process of the ethmoid bone, superiorly by the ethmoidal bulla, and posteriorly by the ethmoidal process of the inferior nasal concha. It leads into the ethmoidal infundibulum; it marks the medial limit of the ethmoidal infundibulum The ethmoidal infundibulum is a funnel-shaped/slit-like/curved opening/passage/space/cleft upon the anterosuperior portion of the middle nasal meatus (and thus of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity) at the hiatus semilunaris (which represents the .... References External links * {{Authority control Nose Rhinology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urogenital Hiatus
The urogenital hiatus is a large midline opening in the anteromedial part of the pelvic floor (more precisely, the Pubococcygeal (PC) muscles, pubococcygeal muscle), extending between the pubis (anteriorly), and rectum (posteriorly). Each Levator ani, levator ani muscle forms either lateral border of the hiatus. The hiatus acccomodates the apex of the prostate in males, and gives passage to the urethra in both sexes, the vagina in females, the deep dorsal vein of clitoris (females) or Deep dorsal vein of penis, penis (males), and nerves of the penis in males. __TOC__ Clinical significance The urogenital hiatus has been linked to urinary stress incontinence. See also * Coccyx (tailbone) * Pubococcygeus muscle * Pelvic floor dysfunction * Perineology * Perineal hernia * Female genital prolapse References {{Authority control Sexual anatomy Muscles of the torso Women's health ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
