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Haplogroup D (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup D, also known as D-CTS3946, is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. Like its relative distant sibling, haplogroup Haplogroup E (Y-DNA), E-M96, D-CTS3946 has the YAP+ unique-event polymorphism, which defines their parent, haplogroup DE. D-CTS3946 has two basal branches, Haplogroup D1, D1 and Haplogroup D2, D2. D1 and D2 are found primarily in East Asia, at low frequency in Central Asia and Southeast Asia, and at very low frequency in Western Africa and Western Asia. Origins Haplogroup D was formerly the name of the D lineage Haplogroup D-M174, D-M174. Varying proposals exist regarding the origin of haplogroup DE, the parent of D, with some suggesting an African and others an Asian origin. But D-M174 was, and generally is, assumed to be of Asian origin and is exclusively found in Asia. Haber et al. (2019) identified a haplogroup, termed "D0", in three Nigerians. Defined by the Single-nucleotide polymorphism, SNP A5580.2, "D0" haplogroup is outside M174, but belongs to the D li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surface area.Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. . With nearly billion people as of , it accounts for about of the world's human population. Demographics of Africa, Africa's population is the youngest among all the continents; the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. Based on 2024 projections, Africa's population will exceed 3.8 billion people by 2100. Africa is the least wealthy inhabited continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth, ahead of Oceania. Scholars have attributed this to different factors including Geography of Africa, geography, Climate of Africa, climate, corruption, Scramble for Africa, colonialism, the Cold War, and neocolonialism. Despite this lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haplogroup CT
Haplogroup CT is a human Y chromosome haplogroup. CT has two basal branches, CF and DE. DE is divided into a predominantly Asia-distributed haplogroup D-CTS3946 and a predominantly Africa-distributed haplogroup E-M96, while CF is divided into an East Asian, Native American, and Oceanian haplogroup C-M130 and haplogroup F-M89, which dominates most non-African populations. Distribution Men who carry the CT clade have Y chromosomes with the SNP mutation M168, along with P9.1 and M294. These mutations are present in all modern human male lineages except A and B-M60, which are both found almost exclusively in Africa. The most recent common male line ancestor (TMRCA) of all CT men today probably predated the recent African origin of modern humans, a migration in which some of his descendants participated. He is therefore thought to have lived in Africa before this proposed migration. In keeping with the concept of "Y-chromosomal Adam" given to the patrilineal ancestor of al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haplogroup D-M15
Haplogroup D-M15 is a y-chromosome haplogroup. Its phylogenetically closest relatives are found among the peoples of Japan, Central Asia, and the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. It is more distantly related to the Haplogroup D-CTS3946, Haplogroup D*, whose sub-clades are common throughout Asia. Distribution Haplogroup D-M15 is widely distributed throughout populations that dwell to the northwest, north, northeast, east, and southeast of the Himalayas, Himalaya. It is not found among the populations of India to the south and southwest. The distribution of Haplogroup D1 in Southeast Asia is also very limited, as it is found there only at low frequency and only among populations that speak Tibeto-Burman languages, Tibeto-Burman or Hmong–Mien languages, Hmong-Miao languages, which have ancestral ties to the north. The distribution of Haplogroup D-M15 is much more regular in the north, as it is found among nearly all the populations of Central Asia and Northeast Asia south of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haplogroup D-Z27276
Haplogroup D-Z27276 also known as Haplogroup D1a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two branches of Haplogroup D1 (Y-DNA), Haplogroup D1, one of the descendants of Haplogroup D (Y-DNA), Haplogroup D. The other is Haplogroup D-M55, D-M55 which is only found in Japan. This group is found in about 46.6% Tibetan people. It branched off Haplogroup D1b (Y-DNA), D-M55 35,000-40,000 years before present or already 53,000 years before present. One sample of a subgroup of D-Z27276 was also found among ancient samples of the Koban culture between Russia and Georgia (country), Georgia. Phylogenetic tree By ISOGG tree（Version: 14.151）. *Haplogroup DE, DE (YAP) **Haplogroup D (Y-DNA), D (CTS3946) ***D1 (M174/Page30, IMS-JST021355, Haplogroup D-M174) ****D1a (CTS11577) *****D1a1 (F6251/Z27276) ******D1a1a (M15) Tibet, Altai Republic, Mainland China *******D1a1a (F849) ********D1a1a1 (N1) *********D1a1a1a (Z27269) **********D1a1a1a1 (PH4979) ***********D1a1a1a1a2 (F729) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nigeria
Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean to the south. It covers an area of . With Demographics of Nigeria, a population of more than 230 million, it is the List of African countries by population, most populous country in Africa, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's sixth-most populous country. Nigeria borders Niger in Niger–Nigeria border, the north, Chad in Chad–Nigeria border, the northeast, Cameroon in Cameroon–Nigeria border, the east, and Benin in Benin–Nigeria border, the west. Nigeria is a Federation, federal republic comprising 36 States of Nigeria, states and the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, Federal Capital Territory, where its capital, Abuja, is located. The List of Nigerian cities by population, largest city in Nigeria by population is Lagos, one of the largest List of largest cities, metr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibet
Tibet (; ''Böd''; ), or Greater Tibet, is a region in the western part of East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are other ethnic groups such as Mongols, Monpa people, Monpa, Tamang people, Tamang, Qiang people, Qiang, Sherpa people, Sherpa, Lhoba people, Lhoba, and since the 20th century Han Chinese and Hui people, Hui. Tibet is the highest region on Earth, with an average elevation of . Located in the Himalayas, the highest elevation in Tibet is Mount Everest, Earth's highest mountain, rising above sea level. The Tibetan Empire emerged in the 7th century. At its height in the 9th century, the Tibetan Empire extended far beyond the Tibetan Plateau, from the Tarim Basin and Pamirs in the west, to Yunnan and Bengal in the southeast. It then divided into a variety of territories. The bulk of western and central Tibet (Ü-Tsang) was often at least nominally unified under a ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, is a country in West Africa that covers with an estimated population of 2,026,778. It borders Senegal to Guinea-Bissau–Senegal border, its north and Guinea to Guinea–Guinea-Bissau border, its southeast. Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Kaabu, as well as part of the Mali Empire. Parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century, while a few others had been under some rule by the Portuguese Empire since the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was colonised as Portuguese Guinea. Portuguese control was restricted and weak until the early 20th century, when its pacification campaigns solidified Portuguese sovereignty in the area. The final Portuguese victory over the last remaining bastion of mainland resistance came in 1915, with the conquest of the Papel people, Papel-ruled Kingdom of Bissau by the Portuguese military officer João Teixeira Pinto, Teixeira Pinto and the Wolof people, Wolof mercenary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caribbean
The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America to the west, and South America to the south, it comprises numerous List of Caribbean islands, islands, cays, islets, reefs, and banks. It includes the Lucayan Archipelago, Greater Antilles, and Lesser Antilles of the West Indies; the Quintana Roo Municipalities of Quintana Roo#Municipalities, islands and Districts of Belize#List, Belizean List of islands of Belize, islands of the Yucatán Peninsula; and the Bay Islands Department#Islands, Bay Islands, Miskito Cays, Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina, Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina, Corn Islands, and San Blas Islands of Central America. It also includes the coastal areas on the Mainland, continental mainland of the Americas bordering the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Paleolithic
The Upper Paleolithic (or Upper Palaeolithic) is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age. Very broadly, it dates to between 50,000 and 12,000 years ago (the beginning of the Holocene), according to some theories coinciding with the appearance of behavioral modernity in early modern humans. It is followed by the Mesolithic. Anatomically modern humans (i.e. ''Homo sapiens'') are believed to have emerged in Africa around 300,000 years ago. It has been argued by some that their ways of life changed relatively little from that of archaic humans of the Middle Paleolithic, until about 50,000 years ago, when there was a marked increase in the diversity of Artefact (archaeology), artefacts found associated with modern human remains. This period coincides with the most common date assigned to early human migrations, expansion of modern humans from Africa throughout Asia and Eurasia, which may have contributed to the Neanderthal extinction, extinction of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shabwah Governorate
Shabwah () is a governorate (province) of Yemen. Its main town is Ataq. It was named after the ancient south Arabian city of Shabwa. During the Yemeni Civil War in 2015, the province became a battleground. The battle, known as the Shabwah Campaign, ended on August 15, 2015, after forces loyal to the government of Abd Rabbah Mansour Hadi defeated Houthi rebels. Geography Adjacent governorates * Hadhramaut Governorate (north, east) * Abyan Governorate (south) * Al Bayda Governorate (west) * Marib Governorate (north, west) Districts Shabwah Governorate comprises the following 17 districts. These districts in are divided into sub-districts, and then further subdivided into villages: * Ain district * Al Talh district * Ar Rawdah district * Arma district * As Said district * Ataq district * Bayhan district * Dhar district Dhar district () is a districts of Madhya Pradesh, district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The historic town of Dhar is administrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al Bayda, Yemen
Al Bayda (, not to be confused with Al-Bayda' in Al-Jawf, the ancient '' Nashaq''), also known as Baida, Al-Baidhah or Beida, is a town in the Governorate of Al-Bayda in Yemen. It is located SE of Sana'a. Rada' () is the present capital of the Governorate of Al Bayda. History It is the historical capital of the Beda Sultanate from 1636 until 1930. On 8 October 2014, at least nine people were killed in an attack by Al-Qaeda militants on security and government buildings in the town, officials say. The official Saba News Agency said car bombs were used in the dawn assault, which was repelled. In July 2021, al-Bayda was the site of intense fighting between Yemeni government-backed forces (aided by their ally Saudi Arabia) on the one hand and Houthi fighters on the other. Climate Al Bayda' has a cool semi-arid climate (Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (1951–2014), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Bakr Al-Qirbi
Abu Bakr Abdullah al-Qirbi () is a Yemeni diplomat who was Minister of Foreign Affairs of Yemen from 2001 to 2014. He later also held the same role in the Houthis' contested cabinet formed in 2016, in spite of his former opposition to the Houthis. He was vice rector of Sanaa University from 1982 to 1993 and minister of education from 1993 to 1994. On 13 December 2009, al-Qirbi urged Iran's government to crack down on Iranian groups whom he accused of aiding Houthi rebels in northern Yemen, holding the Iranian government partly to blame. According to al-Qirbi, "religious (Shiite) circles and groups in Iran are providing aid to the Houthis"; however, Iran repeatedly denied such accusations. Yemeni FM: Iran Must Curb Groups Aiding Huthi Rebels Following the anti-government protests in Yemen, President Ali Abdullah Saleh dismissed all members of the Cabinet of Yemen on March 20, 2011. They were to remain as serving members until a new government was formed. On 4 October 2016, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
