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Grape Molasses
Pekmez (; ) is a molasses-like syrup obtained after condensing juices of fruit must, especially grape, by boiling it with a coagulant agent like wood ashes or ground carob seeds. It is used as a syrup or mixed with tahini for breakfast. Etymology Pekmez is etymologically Oghuz Turkic in origin and it was called ''bekmes'' in the past. The oldest written account of the word is recorded in 1073 dictionary ''Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk'' by Mahmud al-Kashgari. History Fruit molasses, defrutum, goes back to the classical period. During the Byzantine era, the region of Trapezus (modern Trebizond) grew mulberry trees for silkworms. Local Armenians used mulberries to make a sweet syrup called ''petmez'' or ''pekmez''; the Greeks made grape syrup, ''siraios'' (σιραίος). After the Byzantine Empire fell, the term ''petmez'' replaced the Greek names for grape syrup in Greek, in the form ''petimezi''. Regional variants In Turkey, sugar beet (''şeker pancarı''), figs (''incir'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pekmez
Pekmez (; ) is a molasses-like syrup obtained after condensing juices of fruit must, especially grape, by boiling it with a coagulant agent like wood ashes or ground carob seeds. It is used as a syrup or mixed with tahini for breakfast. Etymology Pekmez is etymologically Oghuz Turkic in origin and it was called ''bekmes'' in the past. The oldest written account of the word is recorded in 1073 dictionary '' Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk'' by Mahmud al-Kashgari. History Fruit molasses, defrutum, goes back to the classical period. During the Byzantine era, the region of Trapezus (modern Trebizond) grew mulberry trees for silkworms. Local Armenians used mulberries to make a sweet syrup called ''petmez'' or ''pekmez''; the Greeks made grape syrup, ''siraios'' (σιραίος). After the Byzantine Empire fell, the term ''petmez'' replaced the Greek names for grape syrup in Greek, in the form ''petimezi''. Regional variants In Turkey, sugar beet (''şeker pancarı''), figs ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carob
The carob ( ; ''Ceratonia siliqua'') is a flowering evergreen tree or shrub in the Caesalpinioideae sub-family of the legume family, Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated for its edible fruit, which takes the form of seed pods, and as an ornamental tree in gardens and landscapes. The carob tree is native to the Mediterranean region and the Middle East. Portugal is the largest producer of carob, followed by Italy and Morocco. In the Mediterranean Basin, extended to the southern Atlantic coast of Portugal (i.e., the Algarve region) and the Atlantic northwestern Moroccan coast, carob pods were often used as animal feed and in times of famine, as "the last source of umanfood in hard times". The ripe, dried and sometimes toasted pod is often ground into carob powder, which is used as a substitute for cocoa powder; this often occurred in the 1970s natural food movement. The powder and chips can be used as a chocolate alternative in most recipes. The plant's seeds are used to p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Cuisine
Ottoman cuisine is the cuisine of the Ottoman Empire and its continuation in the cuisines of Greece, Turkey, the Balkans, Caucasus, Middle East and Northern Africa. Sources The Ottoman palace kitchen registers (''matbah-i amire defterleri'') are important primary sources for studies of early modern Ottoman cuisine containing information on ingredients and names of food dishes cooked by the palace kitchens. Many cookbooks were published beginning in the 19th century reflecting the cultural fusions that characterized the rich cuisine of Istanbul's elites in the Late Ottoman period as new ingredients like tomatoes became widely available. There are few extant recipe collections before this era. The earliest Ottoman cookbook is credited to Muhammad Shirvânî's 15th-century expansion of the earlier Arabic ''Kitab al-Tabikh'' by Muhammad bin Hasan al-Baghdadi. '' Diwan Lughat al-Turk'' (the earliest Turkish language dictionary) is often consulted as a source for the influenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Date Honey
Date honey, date syrup, date molasses, Debes (, ), or rub (, ; ''dvash tmarim'' or סילאן, ''silan''; ) is a thick dark brown, very sweet fruit syrup extracted from dates. It is widely used in Middle Eastern cuisine and Greek cuisine. History The Book of Deuteronomy in the Hebrew Bible, in describing the abundance of the Holy Land, includes honey among its bounties. Rabbinic texts such as the Jerusalem Talmud and Sifre interpret this honey as date honey rather than bee honey. Archaeological evidence from Jerusalem supports the use of date honey during this period. A storage jar, marked with a palm tree and found in a room of a building destroyed during the siege of Jerusalem in 586 BCE, indicates that date honey was stored there. First-century Jewish historian Josephus, in his account of the oases of Jericho and the various date varieties grown in this region of Judaea, notes that "the better kinds f dates when pressed, yield an excellent honey not much inferior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomegranate Molasses
Pomegranate molasses, also known as Dibs Ar-rumman (), robb-e anâr (), melása rodioú (, "pomegranate syrup"), nar ekshisi (, "pomegranate sour"), narsharab (; , "pomegranate wine"), and nuri matsuk (, "pomegranade syrup") is a Middle Eastern seasoning consisting of concentrated pomegranate juice. It is usually used in fish and meat dishes, and also as a dressing in salads. Etymology The word narsharab (''narşərab''), from , literally means pomegranate wine, although it contains no alcohol. It contains 10% citric acid sugar. Dishes get a light sour taste because of narsharab. Preparation Recipes for narsharab vary. Commonly, unpeeled pomegranates are squeezed and heated to evaporate the juice. It is cooked to half its original volume. After the juice is thickened, sugar, coriander, basil, and cinnamon, and sometimes black or red pepper, are added. See also * Nardenk * Turkish cuisine * Levantine cuisine * Arabic cuisine * Middle Eastern cuisine * Iranian cuisine * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Syrups
This is a list of notable syrups. In cooking, a syrup is a condiment that is a thick, viscous liquid consisting primarily of a Solution (chemistry), solution of sugar in water, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars but showing little tendency to deposit crystals. Its consistency is similar to that of molasses. The viscosity arises from the hydrogen bonds between the dissolved sugar, which has many hydroxyl () groups, and the water. Syrups * Acetomel – a syrup made from honey and vinegar with a sweet and sour taste * Agave syrup – a Sugar substitute, sweetener commercially produced from several species of agave * Attar (syrup), Attar – a type of sweet syrup used in the preparation of Middle Eastern desserts * Barley malt syrup – an unrefined sweetener processed by extraction from Sprouting, sprouted, i.e., malted, barley, containing approximately 65 percent maltose, 30 percent complex carbohydrate, 3% protein * Birch syrup – a savory mineral-tasting syrup made ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Grape Dishes
This is a list of notable grape dishes and foods that are prepared using grapes as a primary ingredient. Raisin dishes and foods are also included in this article. Grape dishes and foods A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus ''Vitis''. * Churchkhela – grape must is a main ingredient * Grape hull pie – pie made out of muscadine grapes and grape skins. * Grape ice cream – ice cream with a grape flavor, some recipes use grape juice in its preparation. * Grape leaves – the leaves of the grapevine plant, which are used in the cuisines of a number of cultures * Grape pie – a pie with grape filling. * Grape seed oil – oil pressed from the seeds of grapes. * Grape syrup – a thick and sweet condiment made with concentrated grape juice :* Jallab – a type of fruit syrup popular in the Middle East made from carob, dates, grape molasses and rose water :* Pekmez – a molasses-like syrup obtained after conde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grape Syrup
Grape syrup is a condiment made with concentrated grape juice. It is thick and sweet because of its high ratio of sugar to water. Grape syrup is made by boiling grapes, removing their skins, and squeezing them through a sieve to extract the juice. Like other fruit syrups, a common use of grape syrup is as a topping to sweet cakes, such as pancakes or waffles. Names and etymology The ancient Greek name for grape syrup is (), in the general category of (), which translates to 'boiled'. The Greek name was used in Crete and, in modern times, in Cyprus. ' is the name for a type of Mediterranean grape syrup. The word comes from the Persian language, Persian ''petmez'' (پتمز), which usually refers to grape syrup, but is also used to refer to mulberry and other fruit syrups. (not to be confused with ) is the southern Italian term for grape syrup. It is made only from cooked wine grape must (), with no fermentation involved. There is no alcohol or vinegar content, and no add ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Oxford Companion To Food
''The Oxford Companion to Food'' is an encyclopedia about food. It was edited by Alan Davidson and published by Oxford University Press in 1999. It was also issued in softcover under the name ''The Penguin Companion to Food''. The second and third editions were edited by Tom Jaine and published by Oxford in 2006 and 2014. The book, Davidson's ''magnum opus'' with "more than a million words, mostly his own", covers the nature and history of foodstuffs worldwide, starting from aardvark and ending with zuppa inglese. It is compiled with especially strong coverage of European and in particular British cookery and contains no recipes. It was an "outgrowth" of the annual Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery. The entry for this work in WorldCat includes the following abstract: Major articles are signed and include bibliographic references, and there is a comprehensive overall bibliography. Some of the material in it was previously published in Davidson's '' Petits Propos Culi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alan Davidson (food Writer)
Alan Eaton Davidson Order of St Michael and St George, CMG (30 March 1924 – 2 December 2003) was a British diplomat and writer best known for his writing and editing on food and gastronomy. After leaving Queen's College, Oxford, in 1948, Davidson joined the British diplomatic service, rising through the ranks to conclude his career as ambassador to Laos, from 1973 to 1975. He retired early and devoted himself to full-time writing about food, encouraged by Elizabeth David and others. He published more than a dozen books between his retirement and 2002, but his ''magnum opus'' was ''The Oxford Companion to Food'', a work of more than a million words, which took twenty years to complete and was published to international acclaim in 1999. Life and career Early years Davidson was born in Derry, Northern Ireland, the son of William John Davidson (1899–1959), inspector of taxes, and his wife, Constance, ''née'' Eaton (1889–1974).Levy, Paul"Davidson, Alan Eaton (1924–2003), dip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Date (fruit)
''Phoenix dactylifera'', commonly known as the date palm, is a flowering-plant species in the palm family Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit called dates. The species is widely cultivated across northern Africa, the Middle East, the Horn of Africa, Australia, South Asia, and the desert regions of Southern California in the United States. It is naturalized in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. ''P. dactylifera'' is the type species of genus '' Phoenix'', which contains 12–19 species of wild date palms. Date palms reach up to 60–110 feet in height, growing singly or forming a clump with several stems from a single root system. Slow-growing, they can reach over 100years of age when maintained properly. Date fruits (dates) are oval-cylindrical, long, and about in diameter, with colour ranging from dark brown to bright red or yellow, depending on variety. Containing 61–68percent sugar by mass when dried, dates are consumed as sweet snack ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomegranates
The pomegranate (''Punica granatum'') is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub in the family Lythraceae, subfamily Punicoideae, that grows between tall. Rich in symbolic and mythological associations in many cultures, it is thought to have originated from Afghanistan and Iran before being introduced and exported to other parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe. It was introduced into Spanish America in the late 16th century and into California by Spanish settlers in 1769. It is widely cultivated throughout West Asia and the Caucasus region, South Asia, Central Asia, north and tropical Africa, the drier parts of Southeast Asia, and the Mediterranean Basin. The fruit is typically in season in the Northern Hemisphere from September to February, and in the Southern Hemisphere from March to May. The pomegranate and its juice are variously used in baking, cooking, juice blends, garnishes, non-alcoholic drinks, and cocktails. Etymology The name ''pomegranate'' derives from medieval Lati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
