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Glassblowing
Glassblowing is a glassforming technique that involves inflating molten glass into a bubble (or parison) with the aid of a blowpipe (or blow tube). A person who blows glass is called a ''glassblower'', ''glassmith'', or ''gaffer''. A '' lampworker'' (often also called a glassblower or glassworker) manipulates glass with the use of a torch on a smaller scale, such as in producing precision laboratory glassware out of borosilicate glass. Technology Principles As a novel glass forming technique created in the middle of the 1st century BC, glassblowing exploited a working property of glass that was previously unknown to glassworkers; inflation, which is the expansion of a molten blob of glass by introducing a small amount of air into it. That is based on the liquid structure of glass where the atoms are held together by strong chemical bonds in a disordered and random network,Frank, S 1982. Glass and Archaeology. Academic Press: London. Freestone, I. (1991). "Looking into Glass". ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laboratory Glassware
Laboratory glassware is a variety of equipment used in science, scientific work, traditionally made of glass. Glass may be blown, bent, cut, molded, or formed into many sizes and shapes. It is commonly used in chemistry, biology, and analytical laboratory, laboratories. Many laboratories have training programs to demonstrate how glassware is used and to alert first–time users to the Laboratory safety#Safety hazards, safety hazards involved with using glassware. History Ancient era The history of glassware dates back to the Phoenicians who fused obsidian together in campfires, making the first glassware. Glassware evolved as other ancient civilizations including the Syrians, Egyptians, and Romans refined the art of glassmaking. Mary the Jewess, an alchemist in Alexandria during the 1st century AD, is credited for the creation of some of the first glassware for chemical such as the ''kerotakis'' which was used for the collection of fumes from a heated material. Despite thes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lampworking
Lampworking is a type of glasswork in which a Blowtorch, torch or lamp is used to melt the glass. Once in a molten state, the glass is formed by blowing and shaping with tools and hand movements. It is also known as flameworking or torchworking, as the modern practice no longer uses Oil lamp, oil-fueled lamps. Although lack of a precise definition for lampworking makes it difficult to determine when this technique was first developed, the earliest verifiable lampworked glass is probably a collection of beads thought to date to the fifth century Common Era, BCE. Lampworking became widely practiced in Murano, Italy in the 14th century. As early as the 17th century, itinerant glassworkers demonstrated lampworking to the public. In the mid-19th century lampwork technique was extended to the production of paperweights, primarily in France, where it became a popular art form, still collected today. Lampworking differs from glassblowing in that glassblowing uses a furnace as the primary h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glass Bubble
Glass is an amorphous ( non-crystalline) solid. Because it is often transparent and chemically inert, glass has found widespread practical, technological, and decorative use in window panes, tableware, and optics. Some common objects made of glass are named after the material, e.g., a "glass" for drinking, "glasses" for vision correction, and a "magnifying glass". Glass is most often formed by rapid cooling (quenching) of the molten form. Some glasses such as volcanic glass are naturally occurring, and obsidian has been used to make arrowheads and knives since the Stone Age. Archaeological evidence suggests glassmaking dates back to at least 3600 BC in Mesopotamia, Egypt, or Syria. The earliest known glass objects were beads, perhaps created accidentally during metalworking or the production of faience, which is a form of pottery using lead glazes. Due to its ease of formability into any shape, glass has been traditionally used for vessels, such as bowls, vases, bottles, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borosilicate Glass
Borosilicate glass is a type of glass with silica and boron trioxide as the main glass-forming constituents. Borosilicate glasses are known for having very low coefficients of thermal expansion (≈3 × 10−6 K−1 at 20 °C), making them more resistant to thermal shock than any other common glass. Such glass is subjected to less thermal stress and can withstand temperature differentials without fracturing of about . It is commonly used for the construction of reagent bottles and flasks, as well as lighting, electronics, and cookware. For many other applications, soda-lime glass is more common. Borosilicate glass is sold under various trade names, including Borosil, Duran, Pyrex, Glassco, Supertek, Suprax, Simax, Bellco, Marinex (Brazil), BSA 60, BSC 51 (by NIPRO), Heatex, Endural, Schott, Refmex, Kimax, Gemstone Well, United Scientific, and MG (India). Single-ended self-starting lamps are insulated with a mica disc and contained in a borosilicate glass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caneworking
In glassblowing, cane refers to rods of glass with color; these rods can be simple, containing a single color, or they can be complex and contain strands of one or several colors in pattern. Caneworking refers to the process of making cane, and also to the use of pieces of cane, lengthwise, in the blowing process to add intricate, often spiral, patterns and stripes to vessels or other blown glass objects. Cane is also used to make murrine (singular ''murrina'', sometimes called mosaic glass), thin discs cut from the cane in cross-section that are also added to blown or hot-worked objects. A particular form of murrine glasswork is millefiori ("thousand flowers"), in which many murrine with a flower-like or star-shaped cross-section are included in a blown glass piece. Caneworking is an ancient technique, first invented in southern Italy in the second half of the third century BC, and elaborately developed centuries later on the Italian island of Murano. Making cane There are sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glass
Glass is an amorphous (non-crystalline solid, non-crystalline) solid. Because it is often transparency and translucency, transparent and chemically inert, glass has found widespread practical, technological, and decorative use in window panes, tableware, and optics. Some common objects made of glass are named after the material, e.g., a Tumbler (glass), "glass" for drinking, "glasses" for vision correction, and a "magnifying glass". Glass is most often formed by rapid cooling (quenching) of the Melting, molten form. Some glasses such as volcanic glass are naturally occurring, and obsidian has been used to make arrowheads and knives since the Stone Age. Archaeological evidence suggests glassmaking dates back to at least 3600 BC in Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, Egypt, or Syria. The earliest known glass objects were beads, perhaps created accidentally during metalworking or the production of faience, which is a form of pottery using lead glazes. Due to its ease of formability int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blowpipe (tool)
A blowpipe is one of several tools used to direct streams of gases into any of several working media. Blowpipes for torches If a stream or jet of air is directed through a flame, fuel air mixing is enhanced and the jet exiting the flame is intensely hot. Jewelers and glassblowers engaged in lampwork have used the blowpipe since ancient times, with the blast being powered by the user's lungs. For small work, a mouth-blown blowpipe may be used with a candle flame or an alcohol lamp, with established techniques for applying oxidizing and reducing flames to the workpiece or specimen. Starting in the late 18th Century, blowpipes have been powered by mechanisms, initially bladders and bellows, but now blowers, compressors and compressed gas cylinders are commonplace. While blowing air is effective, blowing oxygen produces higher temperatures, and it is also practical to invert the roles of the gasses and blow fuel through air. Contemporary blowtorches and oxy-fuel welding and cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marver
A marver is a tool used in glassblowing. It generally is made of a polished steel, brass, or graphite surface attached to a metal or wooden table. For fine applications such as lampworking, a smaller hand-held implement may instead be used. As a tool, marvers date back to glassblowing techniques of the Roman Empire and were made of marble. Warm glass is rolled on the marver, both to shape it and as a means of temperature control. With a high specific heat capacity, the surface absorbs heat from the glass; because of the relatively slow flow of heat through the glass, it does so particularly from the outermost material, forming a more viscous skin. Because the glass comes in direct contact with the marver, it must be kept exceptionally clean in order to prevent points of poor conduction or the transfer of debris into glass worked upon it. Metallic marvers are generally rubbed with steel wool and then wiped with rubbing alcohol Rubbing alcohol, known as surgical spirit in the Bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kosta-Boda Vinglas, 2018
Kosta Boda (), formerly known as Kosta Glasbruk (), is a Swedish glassmaking company that is a well known manufacturer of art glass and tableware. It is located in Kosta, Sweden, which was named for the company. The surrounding region has become known as the '' Kingdom of Crystal'', and is now a tourist site which attracts a million visitors annually. History Kosta Glasbruk was founded in 1742 by two officers in Charles XII's army, and Georg Bogislaus Staël von Holstein. The name is a portmanteau of the founders' surnames, Ko(skull) + Sta(el) and Boda Glasbruk, which was a company in Emmaboda Municipality that was merged into Kosta Glasbruk. In 1903, the company also merged with the Reijmyre glassworks, although both entities retained their names. Kosta Glasbruk is active today under the name of Kosta Boda. Since 2005, it has been part of , a subsidiary of the . Early production consisted of window glass, chandeliers and drinking glasses. From the 1840s, the factory was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cane Foglio - David Patchen
Cane or caning may refer to: *Walking stick, or walking cane, a device used primarily to aid walking *Assistive cane, a walking stick used as a mobility aid for better balance *White cane, a mobility or safety device used by blind or visually impaired people * An implement used in caning, a form of corporal punishment * Sugarcane * Cane (surname) Plants *Cane (grass), tall perennial grasses with woody stalks **''Arundo'', Old World canes **''Arundinaria'', New World canes **''Arundo donax'', giant cane **'' Arundinaria appalachiana'', hill cane * Cane (vine), the part of a grapevine that supports the new growth * Cane ash, the white ash tree, ''Fraxinus americana'' * Cane cholla, ''Cylindropuntia imbricata'', a cactus Animals *Cane beetle, ''Dermolepida albohirtum'', a pest of sugarcane, native to Australia *Cane Corso, an Italian Mastiff * Cane mouse, ''Zygodontomys'', a rodent from Central and South America *Cane rat, ''Thryonomys'', a large rodent native to Africa * Cane sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Godo Frabel
Hans Godo Frabel (born 1941 in Jena, East Germany) is an East German–born lampwork glass blower, now living and working in the US. Biography Hans Godo Frabel is one of the first lampwork glass artists in the world. He turned the technique of "working at the lamp" to an art form back in 1968, when he opened the Frabel Studio in Atlanta, Georgia.Tanguy, 2002, p. 46 At that time crystal glass was not considered a serious art medium and few artists were utilizing the beauty and diversity of glass to create unique art pieces. Frabel was the third child in a family with five children. The tumultuous political climate after World War II necessitated a family migration to West Germany. After living in several different cities, Frabel began to look at glass as a means to a career at the age of 15. He obtained a traineeship as a scientific glassblower at the prestigious Jena Glaswerke in Mainz, West Germany, and earned the degree of journeyman in 1959. In 1965 he came to the United S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerd Hatje
Gerd Hatje (14 April 1915 – 24 July 2007) was a German publisher. The publishing house that he founded in 1945, named the Humanitas Verlag, renamed in 1947 as Verlag Gerd Hatje, is internationally known for contemporary art, photography and architecture. It merged in to Hatje Cantz in 1999. Career Hatje was born in Hamburg, the son of ''Eisenbahngewerkschafter'' and his wife Lina. The family moved to Stuttgart when he was age 15. He apprenticed as a typesetter. In November 1945, Hatje received a licence to found a publishing house from the American and the French military government, which he called ''Humanitas Verlag''. It first published literature, novellas, novels, world literature (''Weltliteratur''), and books on jazz. He renamed the house ''Verlag Gerd Hatje'' in 1947. In the 1950s and 1960s, Hatje changed the focus to art, photography, and architecture. He had contact with and was a friend of contemporary artists such as Hans Arp, Willi Baumeister, Joseph Beuys, Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
