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Freight Derivative
The international shipping industry can be divided into four closely related shipping markets, each trading in a different commodity: the freight market, the sale and purchase market, the newbuilding market and the demolition market. These four markets are linked by cash flow and push the market traders in the direction they want. The freight market The freight market consists of shipowners, charterers and brokers. They use four types of contractual arrangements: the voyage charter, the contract of affreightment, the time charter and the bareboat charter. Shipowners contract to carry cargo for an agreed price per tonne while the charter market hires out ships for a certain period. A charter is legally agreed upon in a charter-party in which the terms of the deal are clearly set out. Freight derivatives Freight derivatives, which includes forward freight agreements (FFA), container freight swap agreements, container freight derivatives, physical-deliverable freight der ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shipping
Freight transport, also referred to as freight forwarding, is the physical process of transporting commodities and merchandise goods and cargo. The term shipping originally referred to transport by sea but in American English, it has been extended to refer to transport by land or air (International English: "carriage") as well. "Logistics", a term borrowed from the military environment, is also used in the same sense. History Prehistoric Era Initial human civilization relied heavily on domesticated animals, such as horses, camels, and donkeys, to transport their goods. The invention of the wheel in Mesopotamia in 5000BC improved this efficiency by allowing for carts and carriages to be created, which animals could pull. Classical Era Romans The Romans built a vast network of roads, which facilitated trade across the numerous cities in its empire. Silk Road Transport along the silk road, a land-based route, was generally done through caravans, equipped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tank Truck
A tank truck, gas truck, fuel truck, or tanker truck (American English) or tanker (British English) is a motor vehicle designed to carry liquids or gases on roads. The largest such vehicles are similar to railroad tank cars, which are also designed to carry liquid loads. Many variants exist due to the wide variety of liquids that can be transported. Tank trucks tend to be large; they may be insulated or non-insulated; pressurized or non-pressurized; and designed for single or multiple loads (often by means of internal divisions in their tank). Some are semi-trailer trucks. They are difficult to drive and highly susceptible to rollover due to their high center of gravity, and potentially the free surface effect of liquids sloshing in a partially filled tank. History Oil Prior to tank distribution, oil was delivered in cans. From the 1880s, it was distributed in horse-drawn tanks. In 1910, Standard Oil started using motor tankers. Anglo American Oil introduced underg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Economics
International economics is concerned with the effects upon economic activity from international differences in productive resources and consumer preferences and the international institutions that affect them. It seeks to explain the patterns and consequences of transactions and interactions between the inhabitants of different countries, including trade, investment and transaction. * International trade studies goods and services flows across international boundaries from supply-and-demand factors, economic integration, international factor movements, and policy variables such as tariff rates and trade quotas. * International finance studies the flow of capital across international financial markets, and the effects of these movements on exchange rates. * International monetary economics and international macroeconomics study flows of money across countries and the resulting effects on their economies as a whole. * International political economy, a sub-category of int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singapore Exchange
Singapore Exchange Limited (SGX Group) is a Singapore-based exchange conglomerate, operating Equity (finance), equity, fixed income, currency and commodity markets. It provides a range of listing, trading, clearing, settlement, depository and data services. SGX Group is also a member of the World Federation of Exchanges and the Asian and Oceanian Stock Exchanges Federation. It is ASEAN's second largest market capitalization after Indonesia Stock Exchange at as of September 2023. Singapore’s stock exchange hits 20-year low in listed companies. History SGX was formed on 1 December 1999 as a holding company. The share capital of some former exchange companies, namely Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES), Singapore International Monetary Exchange (SIMEX) that was founded in 1984 and Securities Clearing and Computer Services Pte Ltd (SCCS) were cancelled and new shares issued in these companies were fully paid up by SGX. In this way, all assets previously owned by these three c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IntercontinentalExchange
Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. (ICE) is an American multinational financial services company formed in 2000 that operates global financial exchanges and clearing houses and provides mortgage technology, data and listing services. Listed on the ''Fortune'' 500, S&P 500, and Russell 1000, the company owns exchanges for financial and commodity markets, and operates 12 regulated exchanges and marketplaces. This includes ICE futures exchanges in the United States, Canada, and Europe; the Liffe futures exchanges in Europe; the New York Stock Exchange, the world's largest stock exchange in terms of total market capitalization of its listed companies; equity options exchanges; and OTC energy, credit, and equity markets. ICE also owns and operates six central clearing houses: ICE Clear U.S., ICE Clear Europe, ICE Clear Singapore, ICE Clear Credit, ICE Clear Netherlands, and ICE NGX. ICE has offices in Atlanta; New York; London; Chicago; Bedford; Houston; Winnipeg; Amsterdam; Calga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CME Group
CME Group Inc. is an American financial services company based in Chicago that operates financial derivatives exchanges including the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Chicago Board of Trade, New York Mercantile Exchange, and the Commodity Exchange. The company also owns 27% of S&P Dow Jones Indices. It is the world's largest operator of financial derivatives exchanges. Its exchanges are platforms for trading in agricultural products, currencies, energy, interest rates, metals, futures contracts, Option (finance), options, stock indexes, and cryptocurrencies futures. In addition to its headquarters in Chicago, the company also has offices in New York, Houston, and Washington D.C., in the U.S., as well as abroad in Bangalore, Beijing, Belfast, Calgary, Hong Kong, London, Seoul, Singapore, and Tokyo. History The Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), was founded in 1898 as a nonprofit corporation. In 1919, it established its clearing house. In 2000, CME demutualized (became a joint stock ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Energy Exchange
European Energy Exchange (EEX) AG is a central European electric power and related commodities exchange located in Leipzig, Germany. It develops, operates and connects secure, liquid and transparent markets for energy and related products, including power derivative contracts, emission allowances, agricultural and freight products. History The EEX emerged as a result of a merger between LPX Leipzig Power Exchange and the Frankfurt-based EEX in 2002. Deutsche Börse Group's derivatives business unit Eurex acquired the majority share in the EEX in March 2011. Ownership and subsidiaries EEX AG is majority owned by Deutsche Börse. It holds shares in the following companies: * EEX Asia, Cleartech (Cleartrade Exchange Pte Ltd.) (100%) * EEX CEGH Gas Exchange Services GmbH (51%) * EEX Link GmbH (100%) * Enermarket GmbH (40%) * EPEX SPOT SE (51%) * European Commodity Clearing AG (100%) * Grexel Systems Ltd. (100%) * KB Tech Ltd. (100%) Lacima Group(100%) * Nodal Exchange Holdings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imarex
The International Maritime Exchange or Imarex is an Oslo Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,064,235 in 2022 ...-based exchange for trading forward freight agreements (FFAs). It started trading tanker freight futures contracts in 2001, followed by dry cargo freight futures contracts in 2002. All futures contracts are cleared by the Norwegian Futures and Options Clearing House (NOS). Imarex is owned by Imarex ASA (formerly known as Imarex NOS) and has subsidiaries in Oslo, Singapore, Genova and Houston (USA). External linksImarex - Official Site {{Ship chartering Derivatives (finance) Futures exchanges Stock exchanges in Norway Ship management Financial services companies of Norway Financial services companies established in 2001 2001 establishments in Norway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ICAP (company)
NEX Group plc, formerly known as ICAP plc, is a UK-based business focused on electronic financial markets and post trade business for other financial institutions rather than private individuals. They are known as an inter-broker dealer. The company operates BrokerTec and EBS, respectively among the largest treasuries and foreign exchange markets in the world. NEX was listed on the London Stock Exchange until it was acquired by CME Group in November 2018. History The company developed from a merger between ''Garban plc'' and ''Intercapital plc'' which created ''Garban-Intercapital plc'' in 1999. ''Intercapital plc'' was founded by Michael Spencer in 1986 as ''Intercapital Private Group Limited'' ('IPGL'); in 1998 it was acquired by Exco plc in a reverse takeover and the enlarged business was renamed ''Intercapital plc''. ''Garban plc'' was established in the 1970s as the financial services division of ''MAI plc''. Several takeovers followed, starting in 1977 when ''MAI plc' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GFI Group
GFI Group Inc. (GFI) is a financial services company that through its subsidiaries provides brokerage services, trade execution, market data, trading platforms and other software products. Clients are institutional customers in markets for a range of fixed income, financial, Equity (finance), equity and commodity instruments. GFI is headquartered in New York City and operates from New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore and 15 other smaller financial centres such as Dublin, Nyon, Bogotá and Tel Aviv. GFI operates a hybrid brokerage approach, combining a range of telephonic and electronic trade execution services, depending on the nature of the products and the needs of the individual markets. The company complements its hybrid brokerage capabilities with decision support services, such as data and analytics products, research, real-time auctions and post-transaction services, such as straight through processing (STP), clearing (finance), clearing links and trade and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BGC Partners
BGC Group, Inc. (formerly BGC Partners) is an American global financial services company based in New York City and London. Originally formed as part of the larger Cantor Fitzgerald organization, BGC Partners became its own entity in 2004. History 1945–1990 In 1945, Bernard Gerald Cantor founded a brokerage service for inter-dealer fixed-income markets. The resulting company was B.G. Cantor and Company, which later became Cantor Fitzgerald.Edward Helmore (July 13, 1996)Obituary: Gerald Cantor ''The Independent''. In 1965 Cantor Fitzgerald established an Institutional Equities Sales and Trading Division, which offers large block trading to asset managers, pension funds, and portfolio managers. In 1983, Cantor Fitzgerald became the first firm to offer worldwide screen brokerage services in US Government securities. 1991–2001 In 1991, Howard Lutnick was named president of Cantor Fitzgerald, after having worked at the firm for the previous eight years. Lutnick placed a new e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simpson Spence & Young
Simpson Spence & Young, (SSY), Simpson Spence Young, Simpson, Spence & Young Ltd. was founded in 1880 by Ernest Simpson, Lewis Spence and Captain William Young in New York City. Ernest Louis Simpson started as a shipbroker from England. Simpson joined with shipbroker Lewis H. Spence and started Simpson & Spence in 1880. In 1882 Captain William Young joined the company and the name was changed to Simpson Spence & Young. Simpson Spence & Young opened a second office in Newcastle upon Tyne in England. Simpson son Ernest Aldrich Simpson (1897-1958) joined the company. The Simpson Spence & Young became very successful and becoming a worldwide shipping firm, with headquarters in London, one of the largest shipbrokers. Simpson Spence Young has 19 offices worldwide with over 400 employees. Simpson Spence Young operates dry bulk, tanker ships, tugboats and has other services. Shipping Simpson Spence Young operates: Handysize, Handymax, Panamax and Capesize ships. Simpson Spence You ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
