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Forensic Lipreading
Forensic speechreading (or forensic lipreading) is the use of speechreading for information or evidential purposes. Forensic speechreading can be considered a branch of forensic linguistics. In contrast to speaker recognition, which is often the focus of voice analysis from an audio record, forensic speechreading usually aims to establish the ''content'' of speech, since the ''identity'' of the speaker is usually apparent. Often, it involves the production of a transcript of lip-read video-recordings of talk that lack a usable audiotrack, for example CCTV material. Occasionally, 'live' lipreading is involved, for example in the Casey Anthony case. Forensic speechreaders are usually deaf or from deaf families (CODA), and use speechreading in their daily lives to a greater extent than people with normal hearing outside the deaf community. Some speechreading tests suggest deaf people can be better lipreaders than most hearing people. Speechreading expertise No tests of speechread ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Speechreading
Lip reading, also known as speechreading, is a technique of understanding a limited range of speech by visually interpreting the movements of the lips, face and tongue without sound. Estimates of the range of lip reading vary, with some figures as low as 30% because lip reading relies on context, language knowledge, and any residual hearing. Although lip reading is used most extensively by deaf and hard-of-hearing people, most people with normal hearing process can infer some speech information by observing a speaker's mouth. Process Although speech perception is considered to be an auditory skill, it is intrinsically multimodal, since producing speech requires the speaker to make movements of the lips, teeth and tongue which are often visible in face-to-face communication. Information from the lips and face supports aural comprehension and most fluent listeners of a language are sensitive to seen speech actions (see McGurk effect). The extent to which people make use of seen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R V John Terry
R, or r, is the eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ar'' (pronounced ), plural ''ars''. The letter is the eighth most common letter in English and the fourth-most common consonant, after , , and . Name The name of the letter in Latin was (), following the pattern of other letters representing continuants, such as , , , , and . This name is preserved in French and many other languages. In Middle English, the name of the letter changed from to , following a pattern exhibited in many other words such as ''farm'' (compare French ) and ''star'' (compare German ). In Hiberno-English, the letter is called or , somewhat similar to ''oar'', ''ore'', ''orr''. The letter R is sometimes referred to as the 'canine letter', often rendered in English as the dog's letter. This Latin term referred to the Latin that was trilled to sound l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Football Association
The Football Association (the FA) is the Sports governing body, governing body of association football in England and the Crown Dependencies of Jersey, Bailiwick of Guernsey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man. Formed in 1863, it is the oldest football association in the world and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory. The FA facilitates all competitive football matches within its remit at national level, and indirectly at local level through the county football associations. It runs numerous competitions, the most famous of which is the FA Cup. It is also responsible for appointing the management of the England national football team, men's, England women's national football team, women's, and England national under-17 football team, youth national football teams. The FA is a member of both UEFA and FIFA and holds a permanent seat on the International Football Association Board (IFAB) which is responsible for the Laws of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magistrate
The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law. In ancient Rome, a '' magistratus'' was one of the highest ranking government officers, and possessed both judicial and executive powers. In other parts of the world, such as China, magistrate is a word applied to a person responsible for administration over a particular geographic area. Today, in some jurisdictions, a magistrate is a judicial officer who hears cases in a lower court, and typically deals with more minor or preliminary matters. In other jurisdictions (e.g., England and Wales), magistrates are typically trained volunteers appointed to deal with criminal and civil matters in their local areas. Original meaning In ancient Rome, the word '' magistratus'' referred to one of the highest offices of state. Analogous offices in the local authorities, such as '' municipium'', were subordinate only to the legislature of which they generally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public-order Crime
In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as "crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i.e., it is behaviour that has been labelled criminal because it is contrary to shared Norm (sociology), norms, social values, and Convention (norm), customs. Robertson (1989:123) maintains a crime is nothing more than "an act that contravenes a law". Generally speaking, Deviance (sociology), deviancy is criminalization, criminalized when it is too disruptive and has proved uncontrollable through informal sanctions. Public-order crime should be distinguished from political crime. In the former, although the identity of the "victim" may be indirect and sometimes diffuse, it is cumulatively the community that suffers, whereas in a political crime, the State (polity), state perceives itself to be the victim and criminalizes the behaviour it considers threatening. Thus, public-order crime includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen's Park Rangers FC
Queens Park Rangers Football Club, commonly abbreviated to QPR, is a professional association football club based in Shepherd's Bush, West London, England. The team currently compete in the EFL Championship, the second level of the English football league system. The club was founded as Christchurch Rangers in 1882 and took up their current name after merging with St Judes Institute four years later, near the Queen's Park, London, Queen's Park and Kensal Green, Kensal areas. Having won the West London League in 1898–99, QPR joined the Southern Football League, Southern and Western Football League, Western leagues where they won titles in both. It was during this period that the club reached the final of the FA Community Shield, FA Charity Shield twice in 1908 FA Charity Shield, 1908 and 1912 FA Charity Shield, 1912. QPR were elected to the English Football League, Football League in 1920. The club played in the Football League Third Division South, Third Division South until ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelsea FC
Chelsea Football Club is a professional football club based in Fulham, West London, England. The club was founded in 1905 and named after neighbouring area Chelsea. They compete in the Premier League, the top tier of English football, playing their home games at Stamford Bridge. Since 2022, the club has been owned by BlueCo. Chelsea won their first major domestic honour, the First Division championship, in 1955. Domestically, Chelsea have won six top-flight league titles, eight FA Cups, five League Cups, and four FA Community Shields, making them the fifth-most successful club in English football. At international level, Chelsea won their first trophy in 1971, when they won the European Cup Winners' Cup. After winning another Cup Winners' Cup in 1998, they went on to win their first UEFA Champions League in 2012, a feat they repeated in 2021. Chelsea have also won the UEFA Europa League twice, in 2013 and 2019. After winning the UEFA Conference League in 2025, Che ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular field called a Football pitch, pitch. The objective of the game is to Scoring in association football, score more goals than the opposing team by moving the ball beyond the goal line into a rectangular-framed Goal (sport), goal defended by the opposing team. Traditionally, the game has been played over two 45-minute halves, for a total match time of 90 minutes. With an estimated 250 million players active in over 200 countries and territories, it is the world's most popular sport. Association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game (association football), Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the International Football Association Board, IFAB since 1886. The game is pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Premier League
The Premier League is a professional association football league in England and the highest level of the English football league system. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the English Football League (EFL). Seasons usually run from August to May, with each team playing 38 matches: two against each other team, one home and one away. Most games are played on weekend afternoons, with occasional weekday evening fixtures. The competition was founded as the FA Premier League on 20 February 1992, following the decision of clubs from the Football League First Division, First Division (the top tier since 1888) to break away from the English Football League. Teams are still promoted and relegated to and from the EFL Championship each season. The Premier League is a corporation managed by a Richard Masters (football), chief executive, with member clubs as shareholders. The Premier League takes advantage of a £5 billion domestic televi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Ferdinand
Anton Julian Ferdinand (born 18 February 1985) is an English former association football, footballer who most recently played for St Mirren F.C., St Mirren as a centre back. He was a product of the West Ham United F.C. Reserves and Academy, West Ham United academy and has also played for their West Ham United F.C., senior team, Queens Park Rangers F.C., Queens Park Rangers, Sunderland A.F.C., Sunderland, Bursaspor, Antalyaspor and Reading F.C., Reading. He has also played for England at England under-21 national football team, under-21 level. Ferdinand retired from professional football in July 2019. Background Ferdinand was born in Peckham, Greater London, to Janice Lavender from Ireland and Julian Ferdinand from Saint Lucia. His brother, Rio Ferdinand, Rio, played for West Ham United F.C., West Ham United and Manchester United F.C., Manchester United, and is a former captain of the England national football team; and his cousin, Les Ferdinand, Les, is a former England internati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Terry
John George Terry (born 7 December 1980) is an English professional Coach (association football), football coach and former Association football, player who played as a centre-back. He was previously captain of Chelsea F.C., Chelsea, the England national football team, England national team and Aston Villa F.C., Aston Villa. He is regarded as one of the greatest defenders of his generation, as well as one of the best English and Premier League defenders ever. Terry was named UEFA Club Football Awards, UEFA Club Defender of the Year in 2005, 2008 and 2009, PFA Players' Player of the Year in 2005, and was included in the FIFPro World XI for five consecutive seasons, from 2005 to 2009. He was also named in the all-star squad for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, the only English player to make the team. In 2024, Terry was inducted into the Premier League Hall of Fame. Terry is Chelsea’s most decorated captain in terms of trophies won. During his 19 years with the club, he led them to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraser V HM Advocate
''Fraser v Her Majesty's Advocate'' (2011) UKSC 24 is a decision of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom relating to the effect of non-disclosure of evidence to the defence at trial and the role of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom in Scots criminal law. Background and trial On 29 January 2003, Nat Fraser was convicted by a majority verdict at the High Court at Edinburgh, before Lord Mackay of Drumadoon and a jury, of the murder of his wife Arlene. He was duly sentenced to life imprisonment with a punishment part of 25 years. His wife had disappeared in 1998 and he insisted that he was innocent of any involvement in her disappearance and presumed death. The cornerstone of the Crown's case against Fraser was that on 7 May he had returned certain rings from the dead body of his wife, 9 days after she vanished, in order to foster the appearance that she had decided to leave of her own volition. The trial judge directed the jury that they were obliged to acquit Fraser if t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
