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Flag (lighting)
A flag is a device used in lighting for motion picture and still photography to block light. It can be used to cast a shadow, provide negative fill, or protect the lens from a flare. Its usage is generally dictated by the director of photography, but the responsibility for placing them can vary by region, usually devolving to either the gaffer and electricians (in the UK and much of The Commonwealth) or the key grip and lighting grips (in the US and Canada). Flags come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, from mere square inches ("dots and fingers") to many square feet ("meat axes"). Most "industry-standard" flags consist of a square wire frame stitched with black duvetyne, which minimizes any reflected light and keeps the flag lightweight. Flags are distinguished from larger light-cutting tools such as overhead rigs or butterflies in that they can be mounted on individual C-stands, as opposed to being affixed to collapsible frames. The above notwithstanding, given ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Set-up (3391792777) (cropped)
Setup (the noun) or set up (the verb) may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Set Up'' (2005 film), a 2005 Hong Kong horror film * ''Setup'' (2011 film), a 2011 action thriller heist film Literature * ''Set Up'', a 1992 novel by Peter Corris * ''Set Up'', a 1999 novel by Claire McNab Music * ''Setup'' (album), a 1994 album by jazz pianist Stanley Cowell * Setup (music) Sports *Racing setup, in auto racing *Setup pitcher Other uses *Setup (storytelling), the introduction in a plot of an element that will be useful to the story only later, when the payoff comes *Setup, also called frameup, providing false evidence or false testimony in order to falsely prove someone guilty of a crime *Setup, installation (computer programs) *Setup, power-on self-test *Setup, on page 104 of ''The Black Ice'', delivery of an alcoholic drink in a bar *Setup cost, the cost of a step in manufacturing changeover See also *Setting up to fail, a manipulative technique to enginee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butterfly (lighting)
In cinematography, butterflies (also known as overheads) are large structures with a thin layer of a translucent material, such as cloth, that are placed over a scene to block the glare of direct sunlight. They can control the level of a sunlight in a scene. Allowing consistent shadows over a full day of filming or to make day seem cloudy when it is not. They also protect actors from direct sun. Materials commonly used on butterflies include: flags (black, opaque materials), nets (layers of neutral-colored bobinette), and diffusion Diffusion is the net movement of anything (for example, atoms, ions, molecules, energy) generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Diffusion is driven by a gradient in Gibbs free energy or chemical p ...s (translucent white materials of different densities) for the purposes of blocking, dimming, and scattering light respectively. In general, butterflies are used only for very large materials (6 ft x ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaffer Tape
Gaffer tape (also known as gaffer's tape, gaff tape or gaffa tape as well as spike tape for narrow, colored gaffer tape) is a heavy cotton cloth pressure-sensitive tape with strong adhesive and tensile properties. It is widely used in theatre, photography, film production, film, radio broadcasting, radio and television production, and industrial staging work. While sometimes confused with duct tape, gaffer tape differs in the composition of both the backing, which is made from fabric as opposed to vinyl or other plastics, and the adhesive, which is more resistant to heat and more easily removed without damaging the surface to which it adhered. History The precise origin of the name is unknown, one hypothesis being that it is named for the Gaffer (filmmaking), gaffer (chief lighting technician) on a film crew. When cables are taped down on a stage or other surface, either to prevent tripping hazards or conceal them from view of the audience or camera, they are said to be ''gaf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaffer (motion Picture Industry)
In film and television crews, the gaffer or chief lighting technician is the head electrician, responsible for the execution (and sometimes the design) of the lighting plan for a production. The gaffer's assistant is the ''best boy electric''. Etymology There are several possible explanations for the history of the term ''gaffer''. One possibility is that the term originally referred to the moving of overhead equipment, or before electricity and in Shakespeare-era play theatres, lighting louvres to control lighting levels using a long pole with a wide grappling hook on its end, called a gaff. Another potential origin is as a contraction of " godfather", originally applied by country people to an elderly man, or one whose position entitled him to respect; the female equivalent was "gammer", a contraction of "godmother". Both words are found in the comic play '' Gammer Gurton's Needle'', printed in 1575 but possibly written earlier. In this etymology, "gaffer" later became used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Crew
A film crew is a group of people, hired by a production company, for the purpose of Filmmaking, producing a film or motion picture. The crew is distinguished from the Ensemble cast, cast, as the cast are understood to be the actors who appear in front of the camera or Voice acting, provide voices for characters in the film. The crew is also separate from the Film producer, producers, as the producers are the ones who own a portion of either the film studio or the film's Intellectual property#Rights, intellectual property rights. A film crew is divided into different departments, each of which specializes in a specific aspect of the Filmmaking#Production, production. Film crew positions have evolved over the years, spurred by technological change, but many traditional jobs date from the early 20th century and are common across jurisdictions and filmmaking cultures. Motion picture projects have three discrete stages: development, production, and distribution. Within the producti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolly Grip
In cinematography, the dolly grip is a dedicated technician trained to operate the camera dolly. This technician places, levels, and moves the dolly track, then pushes and pulls the dolly and usually a camera operator and camera assistant as riders. If the dolly has a moveable vertical axis, such as a hydraulic arm, then the dolly grip also operates the "boom". If both axes are used simultaneously, this type of dolly shot is known as a compound move. A dolly grip must work closely with the camera crew to perfect these complex movements (cinematic techniques) during rehearsals. Focusing the lens is critical to capturing a sharp image, so a dolly grip must hit their marks in concert with a camera assistant who pulls focus. It is a skill that experience can hone to a point, but the best dolly grips are known for their "touch," and that makes them highly sought-after. A dolly grip is also employed when the camera is operated in handheld mode (on the operator's shoulders or lite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Best Boy
In a film crew, there are two kinds of best boy: best boy electric (also known as the assistant chief lighting technician) and best boy grip (also known as the 2nd company grip). They are assistants to their department heads, the gaffer (in charge of electricals) and the key grip (lighting and rigging), respectively. In short, the best boy acts as the foreman for the department. A woman who performs these duties may be called best girl. Recently, some film crews have begun adopting gender-neutral terms for job titles, with one example being "lead electric" as a replacement for the term "best boy" in the electrical department. In 2024, the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees has most recently adopted the terms assistant chief lighting technician and 2nd company grip for the electric and grip departments, respectively. Job responsibilities Best boys are responsible for the day-to-day operation of the lighting or grip department. Their many responsibilities inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matte Box
In photography Photography is the visual arts, art, application, and practice of creating images by recording light, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film. It is empl ... and videography, a matte box is a device attached to the end of a lens in order to prevent light leakage. It performs and mounts essentially the same as a lens hood, but usually includes adjustable fins called ''French flags''. Another purpose of a matte box is to hold filters in place in front of the lens. Some are supported by two rods that run the length of the camera, while others are supported by the lens itself. A matte box may have a bellows, a rigid sunshade, or both. If both, the bellows is positioned within the rigid sunshade, having a mask which may be adjusted forward or backward to suit the angle of view of the camera system. Matte Boxes are either mounted on two 15mm rods - an international stan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Focus Puller
A focus puller or first assistant camera (1st AC) is a member of a film crew's camera department whose primary responsibility is to maintain the camera lens's optical focus on whatever subject or action is being filmed. "Pulling focus" refers to the act of changing the camera lens's focus distance to a moving subject's distance from the focal plane, or the changing distance between a stationary object and a moving camera. For example, if an actor moves from to away from the focal plane, the focus puller changes the lens's distance setting in precise relation to the actor's changing position. The focus puller may also shift focus from one subject to another as the shot requires, a process called "rack focusing". Focus pulling There is often very little room for error, depending on the parameters of a given shot. The focus puller's role is extremely important to a film production. In most circumstances, a "soft" image is considered unusable, as such an error can't be corrected i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movie Camera
A movie camera (also known as a film camera and cine-camera) is a type of photographic camera that rapidly takes a sequence of photographs, either onto film stock or an image sensor, in order to produce a moving image to display on a screen. In contrast to the still camera, which captures a single image at a time, the movie camera takes a series of images by way of an intermittent mechanism or by electronic means; each image is a ''frame'' of film or video. The frames are projected through a movie projector or a video projector at a specific frame rate (number of frames per second) to show the moving picture. When projected at a high enough frame rate (24 frames per second or more), the persistence of vision allows the eyes and brain of the viewer to merge the separate frames into a continuous moving picture. History A forerunner to the movie camera was the machine invented by Francis Ronalds at the Kew Observatory in 1845. A photosensitive surface was drawn slowly past the aper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duvetyne
Duvetyne, or duvetyn, (also known as Molton and Rokel) is a twill fabric with a velvet-like nap (fabric), nap on one side. Duvetyne has a matte finish and its high opacity makes it ideal for blocking light. It may be woven from cotton, wool, or—in rare cases, mainly in the early 20th century—silk. If made of cotton, it is usually called suede cloth. If wool or wool-blend, it is fulling, fulled, nap (fabric), napped, and shearing (textiles), sheared. This entirely hides the weave, making it a blind-faced cloth. Although it is most commonly used in the motion picture industry, early sources list duvetyne as a common fabric for dresses, suits, and coats. By the 1930s, however, it was widely noted for its use in constructing theatrical cyclorama (theater), cycloramas and theater curtains. In modern times, fire-retardant black duvetyne is commonly used for curtains, for scenery, and to control light spill. Many commercial lighting flag (lighting), flags are made from duvety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
