|
Figwort
The genus ''Scrophularia'' of the family Scrophulariaceae comprises about 200 species of herbaceous flowering plants commonly known as figworts. Species of ''Scrophularia'' all share square stems, opposite leaves and open two-lipped flowers forming clusters at the end of their stems. The genus is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. ''Scrophularia'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including '' Phymatopus hectoides''. Some species in this genus are known to contain potentially useful substances, such as iridoids, and several ''Scrophularia'' species, such as the Ningpo figwort (''S. ningpoensis''), have been used by herbal medicine practitioners around the world. The name ''Scrophularia'' comes from scrofula, a form of tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is a contagious disease usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Oblongifolia
''Scrophularia oblongifolia'' (syn. ''S. umbrosa''), green figwort, is a Perennial plant, perennial herbaceous plant found in Europe and Asia. It grows in damp, shady places such as wet woodland and farmland ditches. It is very similar to the closely related ''Scrophularia auriculata'' (water figwort), from which it is best separated by the shape of the staminode. Description Green figwort is a Raunkiær plant life-form, hemicryptophyte perennial monoecious herb with no basal rosette and a short rhizome, which grows to about 100 cm tall. The whole plant is a rather pale green colour, sometimes with a hint of brown or purple, and completely glabrous (hairless). The stem is square in section, with broad wings at the angles, and generally rather weak, causing the plant to sprawl over vegetation rather than growing upright on its own. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs on petioles up to 15 mm long, with an ovate to oblong blade of about 12 × 4 cm and a fairly pointed tip, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Umbrosa
''Scrophularia oblongifolia'' (syn. ''S. umbrosa''), green figwort, is a perennial herbaceous plant found in Europe and Asia. It grows in damp, shady places such as wet woodland and farmland ditches. It is very similar to the closely related '' Scrophularia auriculata'' (water figwort), from which it is best separated by the shape of the staminode. Description Green figwort is a hemicryptophyte perennial monoecious herb with no basal rosette and a short rhizome, which grows to about 100 cm tall. The whole plant is a rather pale green colour, sometimes with a hint of brown or purple, and completely glabrous (hairless). The stem is square in section, with broad wings at the angles, and generally rather weak, causing the plant to sprawl over vegetation rather than growing upright on its own. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs on petioles up to 15 mm long, with an ovate to oblong blade of about 12 × 4 cm and a fairly pointed tip, with a rounded (but not cordate) base. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Macrantha
The genus ''Scrophularia'' of the family Scrophulariaceae comprises about 200 species of herbaceous flowering plants commonly known as figworts. Species of ''Scrophularia'' all share square stems, opposite leaves and open two-lipped flowers forming clusters at the end of their stems. The genus is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. ''Scrophularia'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including '' Phymatopus hectoides''. Some species in this genus are known to contain potentially useful substances, such as iridoids, and several ''Scrophularia'' species, such as the Ningpo figwort (''S. ningpoensis''), have been used by herbal medicine practitioners around the world. The name ''Scrophularia'' comes from scrofula, a form of tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is a contagious disease usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Auriculata
''Scrophularia auriculata'', the shoreline figwort or water figwort, is a perennial plant of the genus Scrophularia in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is found commonly in Western Europe and North Africa, on the margins of rivers, ponds and similar damp places. It is an upright plant reaching 70 cm with blunt oval, crenate A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, fl ... leaves in alternate pairs on the greenish–purple square stem, most leaves may have two small lobes at their base. The spikes of flowers are held stiffly on square stems which arise from the main stem in the angle of the leaf stalks. The square stems have a wing running down each corner. These wings are more obvious than on the closely related common figwort ('' Scrophularia nodosa''). The flowers are small, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Nodosa
''Scrophularia nodosa'' (also called figwort, woodland figwort, and common figwort) is a perennial herbaceous plant found in temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere except western North America. It grows in moist and cultivated waste ground. Growth It grows upright, with thick, sharply square, succulent stems up to 150 cm tall from a horizontal rootstock. Its leaves are opposite, ovate at the base and lanceolate at the tip, all having toothed margins. The flowers are in loose cymes in oblong or pyramidal panicles. The individual flowers are globular, with five green sepals encircling green or purple petals, giving way to an egg-shaped seed capsule. Fossil record Seed identification of ''Scrophularia nodosa'' has been made from sub-stage IIIa of the Hoxnian at Clacton in Essex, from the Middle Pleistocene. Folklore The plant was thought, by the doctrine of signatures The doctrine of signatures, also known as the doctrine of correspondences, states that herbs or a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Lanceolata
''Scrophularia lanceolata'' is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family known by the common names lanceleaf figwort and American figwort. It is native to North America, where it is known from western and eastern Canada and much of the United States except for the southeastern quadrant. Past common names include Western figwort when the western US plants were grouped under the name ''Scrophularia occidentalis'' and the eastern US plants were called ''Scrophularia leporella'' with the common name hare figwort.Gentianaceae to Compositae; gentian to thistle'. Dover Publications; 1970. . p. 180. Description and habitat ''Scrophularia lanceolata'' is a perennial herb producing clusters of erect or spreading stems up to 1.5 meters long. The oppositely arranged leaves have toothed, triangular or lance-shaped blades up to long which are borne on short petioles. The inflorescence is a wide-open panicle with several hairy, glandular branches bearing flowers. The flower has a sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Atrata
''Scrophularia atrata'' is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the figwort family known by the common names black-flowered figwort and darkflowered figwort. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from a section of the Central Coast Ranges in San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties. It grows in the calcareous and diatomaceous soils of the coastal canyons at elevations not exceeding 500 meters. There have been 128 observed occurrences of this species on Calflora.org alone. Perhaps 25 of these are historic and may no longer exist. This plant is a perennial herb producing an erect, four-sided stem up to a meter tall or slightly taller. It is somewhat hairy to densely woolly in texture. The leaves have toothed oval blades up to 10 centimeters long which are borne on long petioles. The inflorescence is a wide-open panicle In botany, a panicle is a much-branched inflorescence. (softcover ). Some authors distinguish it from a compound spike inflorescence, by r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Marilandica
''Scrophularia marilandica'', also called late figwort, Maryland figwort, carpenter's square, or eastern figwort, is a flowering plant in the family Scrophulariaceae, native throughout eastern and central North America, where it is found growing in dry woods from Manitoba and Quebec south to Texas and Florida. It grows tall, with opposite, ovate leaves up to long and broad. The flowers are rounded, long, with a cup-like mouth that look somewhat like a horse's mouth with a bad overbite; they are a deep reddish-purple color on the inside, with a greenish to almost brown cast on the outside. They are commonly visited by hummingbird Hummingbirds are birds native to the Americas and comprise the Family (biology), biological family Trochilidae. With approximately 366 species and 113 genus, genera, they occur from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, but most species are found in Cen ...s in late summer. Past common names for ''Scrophularia marilandica'' have included heal-all, pilew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophularia Ningpoensis
''Scrophularia ningpoensis'', commonly known as the Ningpo figwort or Chinese figwort, is a perennial plant in the figwort family, ''Scrophulariaceae''. It reaches 1 m by 0.4 m. Its flowers are hermaphrodite, insect-pollinated and the plant usually flowers in late spring. This plant has been known to traditional Chinese medicine for as long as 2000 years. Its root is harvested in autumn in Zhejiang ) , translit_lang1_type2 = , translit_lang1_info2 = ( Hangzhounese) ( Ningbonese) (Wenzhounese) , image_skyline = 玉甑峰全貌 - panoramio.jpg , image_caption = View of the Yandang Mountains , image_map = Zhejiang i ... province and neighboring areas, then dried for later use. References ningpoensis Medicinal plants Flora of China Taxa named by William Hemsley (botanist) {{scrophulariaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus ''Scrophularia'' L. Taxonomy In the past, it was treated as including about 275 genera and over 5,000 species, but its circumscription has been radically altered since numerous molecular phylogenies have shown the traditional broad circumscription to be grossly polyphyletic. Many genera have recently been transferred to other families within the Lamiales, notably Plantaginaceae and Orobanchaceae, but also several new families. - on linhere/ref> Several families of the Lamiales have had their circumscriptions enlarged to accommodate genera transferred from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
