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Fen-phen
The medication, drug combination fenfluramine/phentermine, usually called fen-phen, is an anti-obesity medication that is no longer widely available. It was sold in the early 1990s, and utilized two anorectics. Fenfluramine was marketed by American Home Products (later known as Wyeth) as ''Pondimin'', but was shown to cause potentially fatal pulmonary hypertension and heart valve problems, which eventually led to its withdrawal in 1997 and legal damages of over $13 billion.Avorn J. (2004). ''Powerful Medicines'', pp. 71-84. Alfred A. Knopf. On the other hand, phentermine has side effects such as a Tachycardia, fast heart beat, high blood pressure, trouble sleeping, dizziness, and Psychomotor agitation, restlessness. Fenfluramine acts as a serotonin releasing agent, phentermine as primarily a norepinephrine releasing agent. Phentermine also induces the release of serotonin and dopamine, although to a far lesser extent than it induces the release of norepinephrine. History Fenflu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anorectic
An anorectic is a drug that reduces appetite, resulting in lower food consumption, leading to weight loss. These substances work by affecting the central nervous system or certain neurotransmitters to create a feeling of fullness or reduce the desire to eat. The understanding of anorexiant effects is crucial in the development of interventions for weight management, eating disorders, and related health concerns. The anorexiant effect can be induced through diverse mechanisms, ranging from hormonal regulation to neural signaling. Ghrelin, leptin, and peptide YY are among the hormones involved in appetite control. Additionally, neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine in the central nervous system contribute significantly to the regulation of food intake. By contrast, an appetite stimulant is referred to as orexigenic. The term is (from the Greek and ), and such drugs are also known as anorexigenic, anorexiant, or appetite suppressant. History Used on a short-term ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serotonin
Serotonin (), also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a monoamine neurotransmitter with a wide range of functions in both the central nervous system (CNS) and also peripheral tissues. It is involved in mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction. In the CNS, serotonin regulates mood, appetite, and sleep. Most of the body's serotonin—about 90%—is synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract by enterochromaffin cells, where it regulates intestinal movements. It is also produced in smaller amounts in the brainstem's raphe nuclei, the skin's Merkel cells, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, and taste receptor cells of the tongue. Once secreted, serotonin is taken up by platelets in the blood, which release it during clotting to promote vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. Around 8% of the body's serotonin is stored in platelets, and 1–2% is found in the CNS. Serotonin acts as both a vasoconstrictor and vas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eric J
Eric J Dubowsky also known as Eric J, is a Grammy, Emmy, ARIA, and APRA award-winning mixer, songwriter and record producer. Eric grew up in the New York City suburb of Tenafly, New Jersey and graduated from Tenafly High School. After attending Syracuse University he worked at Greene St. Recording in New York City, the home of early hip-hop artists Run-DMC, and Public Enemy. It was here Eric assisted engineer/producer, Rod Hui. That led to a job working with Atlantic Records producer Arif Mardin. Eric has worked with artists such as Flume, Weezer, ODESZA, Twenty One Pilots, Kylie Minogue, Dua Lipa, Chet Faker, Brandy, Becky Hill, Bebe Rexha, Jeff Bhasker, Andy Grammer, Tove Lo, St. Vincent, The Chemical Brothers, Alessia Cara, Demi Lovato, Angus & Julia Stone, Freeform Five, Ruel, Kimbra, The Teskey Brothers, Mansionair, Panama, Hayden James, Meg Mac, Yuka Honda, Flight Facilities, Joss Stone, The Rubens, Marc Kinchen, Lisa Mitchell, Carolina Liar, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aminorex
Aminorex, sold under the brand names Menocil and Apiquel among others, is a weight loss (anorectic) stimulant drug. It was withdrawn from the market after it was found to cause pulmonary hypertension (PPH). In the United States, aminorex is a Schedule I controlled substance. Aminorex, in the 2-amino-5-aryloxazoline group, was developed by McNeil Laboratories in 1962. It is closely related to 4-methylaminorex (4-MAR). Aminorex has been shown to have locomotor-stimulant effects, lying midway between dextroamphetamine and methamphetamine. Aminorex effects have been attributed to the release of catecholamines. It can be produced as a metabolite of the deworming medication levamisole, which is sometimes used as a cutting agent of illicitly produced cocaine. Pharmacology Pharmacodynamics Aminorex is a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA). Its values for induction of monoamine release are 26.4nM for norepinephrine, 49.4nM for dopamine, and 193nM fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Sinai School Of Medicine
The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS or Mount Sinai), formerly the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, is a private medical school in New York City, New York, United States. The school is the academic teaching arm of the Mount Sinai Health System, which manages eight hospital campuses in the New York metropolitan area, including Mount Sinai Hospital and the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. The school is a teaching hospital first conceived in 1958. Due to simultaneous expansion initiatives at the hospital, classes did not begin until 1968. Its name was changed to The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in 2012, after a $200 million grant from businessman Carl Icahn. Post-graduate academics are focused on biomedical sciences and public health. Its campus is located on Manhattan’s Upper East Side, between Fifth and Madison Avenues, stretching from East 98th Street to East 102nd Street. History As Mount Sinai School of Medicine The first official proposa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of the longest-running newspapers in the United States, the ''Times'' serves as one of the country's Newspaper of record, newspapers of record. , ''The New York Times'' had 9.13 million total and 8.83 million online subscribers, both by significant margins the List of newspapers in the United States, highest numbers for any newspaper in the United States; the total also included 296,330 print subscribers, making the ''Times'' the second-largest newspaper by print circulation in the United States, following ''The Wall Street Journal'', also based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' is published by the New York Times Company; since 1896, the company has been chaired by the Ochs-Sulzberger family, whose current chairman and the paper's publ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Institute Of Mental Health
The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is one of 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH, in turn, is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and health-related research. NIMH is the largest research organization in the world specializing in mental illness. Shelli Avenevoli is the current acting director of NIMH. The institute was first authorized by the U.S. government in 1946, when then President Harry Truman signed into law the National Mental Health Act, although the institute was not formally established until 1949. NIMH is a $1.5 billion enterprise, supporting research on mental health through grants to investigators at institutions and organizations throughout the United States and through its own internal (intramural) research effort. The mission statement, mission of NIMH is "to transform the understan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archives Of General Psychiatry
''JAMA Psychiatry'' (until 2013: ''Archives of General Psychiatry'') is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Medical Association. It covers research in psychiatry, mental health, behavioral sciences, and related fields. The journal was established as ''Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry'' in 1919, and was split into two separate journals in 1959: ''Archives of Neurology'' and ''Archives of General Psychiatry''. In 2013, their names changed to '' JAMA Neurology'' and ''JAMA Psychiatry'', respectively. The editor-in-chief is Dost Öngür (Harvard University, McLean Hospital). Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed. According to ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 25.911, ranking it 3rd out of 157 journals in the category "Psychiatry". See also * List of American Medical Association journals *List of psychiatry journals The following is a list of scientific jour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Institutes Of Health
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. It was founded in 1887 and is part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Many NIH facilities are located in Bethesda, Maryland, and other nearby suburbs of the Washington metropolitan area, with other primary facilities in the Research Triangle Park in North Carolina and smaller satellite facilities located around the United States. The NIH conducts its scientific research through the NIH Intramural Research Program (IRP) and provides significant biomedical research funding to non-NIH research facilities through its Extramural Research Program. , the IRP had 1,200 principal investigators and more than 4,000 postdoctoral fellows in basic, translational, and clinical research, being the largest biomedical research institution in the world, while, as of 2003, the extramural arm provided 28% of biomedical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serotonin
Serotonin (), also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a monoamine neurotransmitter with a wide range of functions in both the central nervous system (CNS) and also peripheral tissues. It is involved in mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction. In the CNS, serotonin regulates mood, appetite, and sleep. Most of the body's serotonin—about 90%—is synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract by enterochromaffin cells, where it regulates intestinal movements. It is also produced in smaller amounts in the brainstem's raphe nuclei, the skin's Merkel cells, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, and taste receptor cells of the tongue. Once secreted, serotonin is taken up by platelets in the blood, which release it during clotting to promote vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. Around 8% of the body's serotonin is stored in platelets, and 1–2% is found in the CNS. Serotonin acts as both a vasoconstrictor and vas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan)
Mount Sinai Hospital, founded in 1852, is one of the oldest and largest teaching hospitals in the United States. It is located in East Harlem in the New York City borough of Manhattan, on the eastern border of Central Park stretching along Madison Avenue (Manhattan), Madison and Fifth Avenue (Manhattan), Fifth Avenues, between East 98th Street and East 103rd Street. The Mount Sinai Hospital is a Tertiary care, tertiary and quaternary care facility and as such offers care in all medical specialty, medical and surgical specialties and Subspecialty, subspecialties. The hospital is a AIDS center, Sexual Assault Forensic Examiner (SAFE) Program Hospital, Stroke center#Comprehensive_stroke_center, Comprehensive Stroke Center, and Neonatal intensive care unit#Level_IV_(regional_NICU), Regional Perinatal Center. The maternity program is among the busiest in New York State with just over 7,000 deliveries per year. In March 2023, the hospital was ranked 23rd among over 2,300 hospitals in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Research Foundation Of The City University Of New York
The City University of New York (CUNY, pronounced , ) is the public university system of New York City. It is the largest urban university system in the United States, comprising 25 campuses: eleven senior colleges, seven community colleges, and seven professional institutions. The university enrolls more than 275,000 students. CUNY alumni include thirteen Nobel Prize winners and twenty-four MacArthur Fellows. The oldest constituent college of CUNY, City College of New York, was originally founded in 1847 and became the first free public institution of higher learning in the United States. In 1960, John R. Everett became the first chancellor of the Municipal College System of New York City, later known as the City University of New York (CUNY). CUNY, established by New York state legislation in 1961 and signed into law by governor Nelson Rockefeller, was an amalgamation of existing institutions and a new graduate school. The system was governed by the Board of Higher Education ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
