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Evercookie
Evercookie (also known as supercookie) is an Open source, open-source JavaScript API, application programming interface (API) that identifies and reproduces intentionally deleted cookies on the clients' browser storage. This behavior is known as a zombie cookie. It was created by Samy Kamkar in 2010 to demonstrate the possible infiltration from the websites that use respawning. Websites that have adopted this mechanism can identify users even if they attempt to delete the previously stored cookies. In 2013, Edward Snowden leaked a top-secret National Security Agency, NSA document that showed Evercookie can track Tor (anonymity network), Tor (anonymity networks) users. Many popular companies use functionality similar to Evercookie to collect user information and track users. Further research on fingerprinting and search engines also draws inspiration from Evercookie's ability to track a user persistently. In the late 2010s, most modern browsers have implemented ways to get rid of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samy Kamkar
Samy Kamkar (born December 10, 1985) is an American privacy and security researcher, computer hacker and entrepreneur. At the age of 16, he dropped out of high school. One year later, he co-founded Fonality, a unified communications company based on open-source software, which raised over $46 million in private funding. In 2005, he created and released the fastest spreading Computer virus#Cross-site scripting virus, virus of all time, the MySpace worm Samy (XSS), Samy, and was subsequently raided by the United States Secret Service under the Patriot Act. He also created SkyJack, a custom drone which hacks into any nearby Parrot AR.Drone, Parrot drones allowing them to be controlled by its operator and created the Evercookie, which appeared in a top-secret National Security Agency, NSA document revealed by Edward Snowden and on the front page of ''The New York Times''. He has also worked with ''The Wall Street Journal'', and discovered the illicit mobile phone tracking where the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zombie Cookie
A zombie cookie is a piece of data usually used for tracking users, which is created by a web server while a user is browsing a website, and placed on the user's computer or other device by the user's web browser, similar to regular HTTP cookies, but with mechanisms in place to prevent the deletion of the data by the user. Zombie cookies could be stored in multiple locations—since failure to remove all copies of the zombie cookie will make the removal reversible, zombie cookies can be difficult to remove. Since they do not entirely rely on normal cookie protocols, the visitor's web browser may continue to recreate deleted cookies even though the user has opted not to receive cookies. Purpose Web analytics collecting companies use cookies to track Internet usage and pages visited for marketing research. Sites that want to collect user statistics will install a cookie from a traffic tracking site that will collect data on the user. As that user surfs around the web the cookie will a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Shared Object
A local shared object (LSO), commonly called a Flash cookie (due to its similarity with an HTTP cookie), is a piece of data that websites that use Adobe Flash may store on a user's computer. Local shared objects have been used by all versions of Flash Player (developed by Macromedia, which was later acquired by Adobe Systems) since version 6. Flash cookies, which can be stored or retrieved whenever a user accesses a page containing a Flash application, are a form of local storage. Similar to cookies, they can be used to store user preferences, save data from Flash games, or track users' Internet activity. LSOs have been criticised as a breach of browser security, but there are now browser settings and addons to limit the duration of their storage. Storage Local shared objects contain data stored by individual websites. Data is stored in the Action Message Format. With the default settings, the Flash Player does not seek the user's permission to store local shared objects ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flash Cookie
A local shared object (LSO), commonly called a Flash cookie (due to its similarity with an HTTP cookie), is a piece of data that websites that use Adobe Flash may store on a user's computer. Local shared objects have been used by all versions of Flash Player (developed by Macromedia, which was later acquired by Adobe Systems) since version 6. Flash cookies, which can be stored or retrieved whenever a user accesses a page containing a Flash application, are a form of local storage. Similar to cookies, they can be used to store user preferences, save data from Flash games, or track users' Internet activity. LSOs have been criticised as a breach of browser security, but there are now browser settings and addons to limit the duration of their storage. Storage Local shared objects contain data stored by individual websites. Data is stored in the Action Message Format. With the default settings, the Flash Player does not seek the user's permission to store local shared objects on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HTTP Cookies
HTTP cookie (also called web cookie, Internet cookie, browser cookie, or simply cookie) is a small block of data created by a web server while a user is browsing a website and placed on the user's computer or other device by the user's web browser. Cookies are placed on the device used to access a website, and more than one cookie may be placed on a user's device during a session. Cookies serve useful and sometimes essential functions on the web. They enable web servers to store stateful information (such as items added in the shopping cart in an online store) on the user's device or to track the user's browsing activity (including clicking particular buttons, logging in, or recording which pages were visited in the past). They can also be used to save information that the user previously entered into form fields, such as names, addresses, passwords, and payment card numbers for subsequent use. Authentication cookies are commonly used by web servers to authenticate that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tor Stinks
Tor, TOR or ToR may refer to: Places * Toronto, Canada ** Toronto Raptors * Tor, Pallars, a village in Spain * Tor, former name of Sloviansk, Ukraine, a city * Mount Tor, Tasmania, Australia, an extinct volcano * Tor Bay, Devon, England * Tor River, Western New Guinea, Indonesia * El Tor, Egypt, a small city on the Sinai coast Science and technology * ''Tor'' (fish), a genus of fish commonly known as mahseers * Target of rapamycin, a regulatory enzyme * Tor functor, in mathematics * Tor (network), an Internet communication method for enabling online anonymity ** The Tor Project, a software organization that maintains the Tor network and the related Tor Browser * Telex-on-radio, a wireless Teleprinter transmission medium People * Tor (given name), a Nordic masculine given name * Tor (surname) * Tor Johnson, stage name of Swedish professional wrestler and actor Karl Erik Tore Johansson (1902 or 1903–1971) * Tor (musician), Canadian electronic musician Tor Sjogren Arts, enterta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Web SQL Database
Web SQL Database was a web browser API specification for storing data in databases that can be queried using SQL variant. Introduced in 2011 and quickly deprecated in favor of Web Storage API and IndexedDB, WebSQL was removed from browsers by April 2024. The technology was only ever implemented in Blink-based browsers like Google Chrome and the new Microsoft Edge, and WebKit-based browsers like Safari. Support The API is supported by Google Chrome, Opera, Microsoft Edge, and the Android Browser, albeit support is slowly being phased out. Web SQL was deprecated and removed for third-party contexts in Chromium 97. Web SQL access in insecure contexts is deprecated as of Chrome/Chromium 105 at which time a warning message was shown in the Chrome DevTools Issue panel. The API will be entirely removed from Chrome 124. Timeline In January 2010, Google announced availability of WebSQL Database API in Google Chrome. Mozilla Corporation developers publicly opposed the technology and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Web Cache
A web cache (or HTTP cache) is a system for optimizing the World Wide Web. It is implemented both client-side and server-side. The caching of multimedia and other files can result in less overall delay when web browser, browsing the Web. Parts of the system Forward and reverse A forward cache is a cache outside the web server's network, e.g. in the client's web browser, in an ISP, or within a corporate network. A network-aware forward cache only caches heavily accessed items. A proxy server sitting between the client and web server can evaluate HTTP headers and choose whether to store web content. A reverse cache sits in front of one or more web servers, accelerating requests from the Internet and reducing peak server load. This is usually a content delivery network (CDN) that retains copies of web content at various points throughout a network. HTTP options The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) defines three basic mechanisms for controlling caches: freshness, validation, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet Explorer
Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer and Windows Internet Explorer, commonly abbreviated as IE or MSIE) is a deprecation, retired series of graphical user interface, graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft that were used in the Microsoft Windows, Windows line of operating systems. While IE has been discontinued on most Windows editions, it remains supported on certain editions of Windows, such as Windows 10 editions#Organizational editions, Windows 10 LTSB/LTSC. Starting in 1995, it was first released as part of the add-on package Microsoft Plus!, Plus! for Windows 95 that year. Later versions were available as free downloads or in-service packs and included in the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) service releases of Windows 95 and later versions of Windows. Microsoft spent over per year on Internet Explorer in the late 1990s, with over 1,000 people involved in the project by 1999. In 2016, Microsoft Edge (series of web browsers), Microsoft Edge w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Web Storage
Web storage, formerly known as DOM storage (Document Object Model storage), is a standard JavaScript API provided by web browsers. It enables websites to store persistent data on users' devices similar to cookies, but with much larger capacity and no information sent in HTTP headers. There are two main web storage types: local storage and session storage, behaving similarly to persistent cookies and session cookies respectively. Web Storage is standardized by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and WHATWG, and is supported by all major browsers. Features Web storage differs from cookies in some key ways. Purpose Cookies are intended for communication with servers; they are automatically added to all requests and can be accessed by both the server and client-side. Web storage falls exclusively under the purview of client-side scripting. Web storage data is not automatically transmitted to the server in every HTTP request, and a web server can't directly write to Web storage. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indexed Database API
The Indexed Database API (commonly referred to as IndexedDB) is a JavaScript application programming interface (API) provided by web browsers for managing a NoSQL database of objects. It is a standard maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). As an alternative to the Web storage standard, IndexedDB can provide more storage capacity. Web storage has fixed limits per website, but IndexedDB limits are "usually quite large, if they exist at all". Use cases for IndexedDB include caching web application data for offline availability. Some browser modules, such as devtools or extensions, may also use it for storage. History Support for IndexedDB was added to Firefox version 4, Google Chrome version 11, Internet Explorer version 10, Safari version 8, and Microsoft Edge version 12. Web SQL Database was a prior API developed by Apple. But Firefox refused to add support for it and argued against it becoming a standard because it would codify the quirks of SQLite. It was thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SQLite
SQLite ( "S-Q-L-ite", "sequel-ite") is a free and open-source relational database engine written in the C programming language. It is not a standalone app; rather, it is a library that software developers embed in their apps. As such, it belongs to the family of embedded databases. It is the most widely deployed database engine, as it is used by several of the top web browsers, operating systems, mobile phones, and other embedded systems. Many programming languages have bindings to the SQLite library. It generally follows PostgreSQL syntax, but does not enforce type checking by default. This means that one can, for example, insert a string into a column defined as an integer. Although it is a lightweight embedded database, SQLite implements most of the SQL standard and the relational model, including transactions and ACID guarantees. However, it omits many features implemented by other databases, such as materialized views and complete support for triggers and AL ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
