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Eutyrannosauria
Tyrannosauroidea (meaning 'tyrant lizard forms') is a superfamily (or clade) of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that includes the family Tyrannosauridae as well as more basal relatives. Tyrannosauroids lived on the Laurasian supercontinent beginning in the Jurassic Period. By the end of the Cretaceous Period, tyrannosauroids were the dominant large predators in the Northern Hemisphere, culminating in the gigantic ''Tyrannosaurus''. Fossils of tyrannosauroids have been recovered on what are now the continents of North America, Europe and Asia. If Megaraptora is part of Tyrannosauroidea, this would extend the distribution of the group to Australia and South America, and possible fragmentary remains of tyrannosauroids have also been reported from these continents. Tyrannosauroids were bipedal carnivores, as were most theropods, and were characterized by numerous skeletal features, especially of the skull and pelvis. Early in their existence, tyrannosauroids were small predators ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiongguanlong
''Xiongguanlong'' ( ) is an extinct genus of tyrannosauroid theropod from the Early Cretaceous period of what is now China. The type and only species is ''X. baimoensis''. The generic name comes from Jiayuguan City (formerly called "''Xiong Guan''" or "grand pass") and the Mandarin word "''long''" which means dragon. The specific epithet, "''baimoensis''" is a latinization of the Mandarin word for "white ghost" in reference to one of the geological features of the type locality (nicknamed the "White Ghost Castle"). Discovery ''Xiongguanlong'' was discovered in the upper member of the Xiagou Formation of the Xinminbao Group at a locality nicknamed the "White Ghost Castle" which is in the Yujingzi Basin of Gansu, China. This is the same locality from which the holotype of the ornithomimosaur '' Beishanlong'' was recovered. It was discovered in and prepared in 2006 and 2007 by Mark Norell, Peter Makovicky, and a team of scientists from Beijing University. In their ori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bistahieversor
''Bistahieversor'' (meaning "Bistahi destroyer"), also known as the "Bisti Beast", is a genus of basal Eutyrannosauria, eutyrannosaurian Theropoda, theropod dinosaur. The genus contains only a single known species, ''B. sealeyi'', described in 2010, from the Late Cretaceous of New Mexico. The holotype and a juvenile were found in the Hunter Wash Member of the Kirtland Formation, while other specimens came from the underlying Fossil Forest member of the Fruitland Formation. This dates ''Bistahieversor'' approximately 75.5 to 74.5 million years ago during the Campanian age, found in sediments spanning a million years. Discovery and naming The first remains now attributed to ''Bistahieversor'', a partial skull and skeleton, were described in 1990 as a specimen of ''Aublysodon''. Additional remains, consisting of the incomplete skull and skeleton of a juvenile, were described in 1992. Another complete skull and partial skeleton were found in the Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness, Bisti/De- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khankhuuluu
''Khankhuuluu'' ( ; ) is an extinct genus of early tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of what is now the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. The genus contains a Monotypic taxon, single species, ''Khankhuuluu mongoliensis'', known from several skull bones and two partial skeletons, including shoulder, pelvic, and hindlimb bones, and several vertebrae from the back and tail. The remains were discovered in 1972 and 1973 and first described in 1977 as belonging to the Chinese ''Alectrosaurus''. Later researchers recognized the uniqueness of the bones, and they were eventually named as belonging to a new species in 2025. ''Khankhuuluu'' is a medium-sized tyrannosauroid with a shallow skull and long, slender legs. Its skeleton demonstrates a unique combination of anatomical traits seen in both earlier-diverging (Basal (phylogenetics), basal) tyrannosauroids and the later-diverging (Primitive (phylogenetics), derived) tyrannosaurids. ''Khankhuuluu'' is known from the Bayans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosaurus
''Tyrannosaurus'' () is a genus of large theropod dinosaur. The type species ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' ( meaning 'king' in Latin), often shortened to ''T. rex'' or colloquially t-rex, is one of the best represented theropods. It lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. ''Tyrannosaurus'' had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of geological formations dating to the latest Campanian-Maastrichtian ages of the late Cretaceous period, 72.7 to 66 million years ago, with isolated specimens possibly indicating an earlier origin in the middle Campanian. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids and among the last non- avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, ''Tyrannosaurus'' was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to its large and powerful hind limbs, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alioramini
Alioramini is a clade of long-snouted tyrannosaurine tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous epoch. It includes the genera '' Alioramus'' and '' Qianzhousaurus''. Although tyrannosaurids are known from a variety of places around the globe, alioramins are restricted to Asia in mostly Maastrichtian strata. Many of the fossils attributed to Alioramini are not from fully developed individuals. Description Alioramins are medium-sized tyrannosaurids, reaching around in length. They have a more gracile body plan as compared to most other tyrannosaurines. Alioramins have rather shallow snouts, a trait that is rather rare among tyrannosaurs but can be found in the early tyrannosauroid, '' Xiongguanlong''. Alioramins are unique when compared to contemporary tyrannosaurs from the same time, such as '' Tarbosaurus'' and ''Tyrannosaurus'', because most of the longer snouted tyrannosauroids, such as ''Xiongguanlong,'' were found in deposits dating to earlier times during the Cretace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanotyrannus
''Tyrannosaurus'' () is a genus of large theropoda, theropod dinosaur. The type species ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' ( meaning 'king' in Latin), often shortened to ''T. rex'' or colloquially t-rex, is one of the best represented theropods. It lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. ''Tyrannosaurus'' had a much wider range than other Tyrannosauridae, tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of geological formations dating to the latest Campanian-Maastrichtian Age (geology), ages of the late Cretaceous Period (geology), period, 72.7 to 66 mya (unit), million years ago, with isolated specimens possibly indicating an earlier origin in the middle Campanian. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids and among the last non-Bird, avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, ''Tyrannosaurus'' was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dryptosaurus
''Dryptosaurus'' ( ) is a genus of eutyrannosaurian theropod dinosaur that lived on the island continent of Appalachia approximately 67-66 million years ago during the end of the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous period. ''Dryptosaurus'' was a large, bipedal, ground-dwelling carnivore that could grow up to long and weigh up to . Although it is now largely unknown outside of academic circles, the 1897 painting of the genus by Charles R. Knight made ''Dryptosaurus'' one of the more widely known dinosaurs of its time, in spite of its poor fossil record. First described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1866 and later renamed by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1877, ''Dryptosaurus'' is among the first theropod dinosaurs ever known to science. Discovery and species Up until 1866, theropods from the Americas were only known from isolated teeth discovered by Ferdinand Van Hayden during Geological Survey excursions into Montana. During the summer of 1866, workers from the West Jersey Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alectrosaurus
''Alectrosaurus'' (; meaning "alone lizard") is a genus of Tyrannosauroidea, tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaur that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous period, about some 96 million years ago in what is now the Iren Dabasu Formation. It was a medium-sized, moderately-built, ground-dwelling, bipedal carnivore, estimated at with a body shape similar to its much larger advanced relative, ''Tyrannosaurus''. ''Alectrosaurus'' was a very fast running tyrannosauroid as indicated by the elongated hindlimbs that likely filled the niche of a pursuit predator, a trait that seems to be lost by the advanced and robust tyrannosaurids, in adulthood. Discovery and naming In 1923, the Third Asiatic Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History, led by chief paleontologist Walter W. Granger, was hunting for dinosaur fossils in Mongolia. On April 25 in the gobi desert, assistant paleontologist George Olsen excavated and recovered the holotype AMNH FARB 6554, a nearly complete right hin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timurlengia
''Timurlengia'' is an extinct genus of tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaur found in Uzbekistan, in the Bissekty Formation in the Kyzylkum Desert, hailing from the Turonian age of the early Late Cretaceous. The type species is ''Timurlengia euotica''. Discovery From 1944 onwards, tyrannosauroid fossil material consisting of single bones has been described from the Bissekty Formation by Soviet or Russian researchers. In 2004 an international team discovered a braincase. The braincase was housed at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where tyrannosaur expert Steve Brusatte identified it as a distinctive new species in 2014. In 2016, Stephen Louis Brusatte, Alexander Averianov, Hans-Dieter Sues, Amy Muir, and Ian B. Butler named and described the type species ''Timurlengia euotica''. The genus is named after Timurleng, founder of the Timurid Empire in Central Asia. The specific name ''euotica'' is Greek for “well-eared”, because detailed CAT-scans sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinbeisaurus
''Jinbeisaurus'' (meaning "northern Shanxi Province lizard" after Shanxi Province in China) is an extinct genus of tyrannosauroid dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation of Shanxi Province in China. The type and only species is ''Jinbeisaurus wangi''. It is the first non-avian theropod named from Shanxi. Description It is known from holotype specimen SMG V0003, including both maxillae, a partial right dentary, two cervical centra, five dorsal centra, and a partial right pubis. It can be distinguished from other tyrannosaurs by several features of the maxilla, teeth, and pubis. Classification In their 2020 description of ''Jinbeisaurus'', Wu et al. identified the holotype as likely belonging to an adult individual. Their phylogenetic analysis supported a position more derived than related tyrannosauroids such as ''Xiongguanlong'' and ''Suskityrannus'' but more basal than the Tyrannosauridae. In their 2025 description of the early-diverging tyrannosauroid ''Khankh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teratophoneus
''Teratophoneus'' ("monstrous murderer"; Greek: ''teras'', "monster" and ''phoneus'', "murderer") is a genus of Tyrannosaurinae, tyrannosaurine Theropoda, theropod dinosaur that lived during the late Campanian age of the Late Cretaceous period, (about 76.5 to 75.5 million years ago) in what is now Utah. It contains a single known species, ''T. curriei''. It is known from an incomplete skull and postcranial skeleton recovered from the Kaiparowits Formation and was specific name (zoology), specifically named ''T. curriei'' in honor of famed paleontologist Philip J. Currie. Discovery and naming Fossils of ''Teratophoneus'' were first found in the Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah. Later, fossils from the same formation were discovered and identified as the genus. Argon-argon dating, Argon-argon radiometric dating indicates that the Kaiparowits Formation was deposited between 76.1 and 74.0 million years ago, during the Campanian age of the Late Cretaceous period. This date mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proceratosauridae
Proceratosauridae is a family or clade of tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaurs from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. Distinguishing features Unlike the advanced tyrannosaurids but similar to primitive tyrannosauroids like '' Dilong'', proceratosaurids were generally small (with the exception of the possible proceratosaurids '' Yutyrannus'' and '' Sinotyrannus'') and had fairly long, three-fingered arms capable of grasping prey. In comparison to other members of Tyrannosauroidea, proceratosaurids can be distinguished by the following features according to phylogenetic analyses by Averianov ''et al''. (2010) and Loewen ''et al''. (2013) : * A sagittal cranial crest formed by the nasals starting at the junction of the premaxilla and nasals. * Extremely elongated external nares, with posterior margins posterior to the anterior margin of the antorbital fossa and maxillary fenestrae. * A short ventral margin of the premaxilla. * The depth of the antorbital fossa ventral t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
