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Ethylbenzene Hydroperoxide
Ethylbenzene hydroperoxide is the organic compound with the formula C6H5CH(O2H)CH3. A colorless liquid, EBHP is a common hydroperoxide. It has been used as an O-atom donor in organic synthesis. It is chiral. Together with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and cumene hydroperoxide, ethylbenzene hydroperoxide is important commercially. The compound is produced by direct reaction of ethylbenzene with oxygen, an autoxidation.{{cite journal , doi=10.1021/jo070040m, title=Autoxidation of Ethylbenzene: The Mechanism Elucidated, year=2007, last1=Hermans, first1=Ive, last2=Peeters, first2=Jozef, last3=Jacobs, first3=Pierre A., journal=The Journal of Organic Chemistry, volume=72, issue=8, pages=3057–3064, pmid=17362045 References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Compound
Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-containing compounds such as alkanes (e.g. methane ) and its derivatives are universally considered organic, but many others are sometimes considered inorganic, such as certain compounds of carbon with nitrogen and oxygen (e.g. cyanide ion , hydrogen cyanide , chloroformic acid , carbon dioxide , and carbonate ion ). Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms), millions of organic compounds are known. The study of the properties, reactions, and syntheses of organic compounds comprise the discipline known as organic chemistry. For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., carbonate salts and cyanide salts), along with a few other exceptions (e.g., carbon dioxide, and even ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroperoxide
Hydroperoxides or peroxols are Chemical compound, compounds of the form ROOH, where R stands for any group, typically Organic compound, organic, which contain the hydroperoxy functional group (). Hydroperoxide also refers to the hydroperoxide anion () and its Salt (chemistry), salts, and the neutral hydroperoxyl, hydroperoxyl radical (•OOH) consist of an unbond hydroperoxy group. When R is organic, the compounds are called organic hydroperoxides. Such compounds are a subset of organic peroxides, which have the formula ROOR. Organic hydroperoxides can either intentionally or unintentionally initiate explosive polymerisation in materials with saturated bond, saturated chemical bonds. Properties The bond length in peroxides is about 1.45 Ångström, Å, and the angles (R = Hydrogen, H, Carbon, C) are about 110° (water-like). Characteristically, the dihedral angles are about 120°. The bond is relatively weak, with a bond dissociation energy of , less than half the strength ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tert-butyl Hydroperoxide
''tert''-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)3COOH. It is one of the most widely used hydroperoxides in a variety of oxidation processes, like the Halcon process. It is normally supplied as a 69–70% aqueous solution. Compared to hydrogen peroxide and organic peracids, ''tert''-butyl hydroperoxide is less reactive and more soluble in organic solvents. Overall, it is renowned for the convenient handling properties of its solutions. Its solutions in organic solvents are highly stable. Application Industrially, ''tert''-butyl hydroperoxide is used to prepare propylene oxide. In the Halcon process, molybdenum-based catalysts are used for this reaction: :(CH3)3COOH + CH2=CHCH3 → (CH3)3COH + CH2OCHCH3 The byproduct t-butanol can be dehydrated to isobutene and converted to MTBE. On a much smaller scale, ''tert''-butyl hydroperoxide is used to produce some fine chemicals by the Sharpless epoxidation. Synthesis and production Many synt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cumene Hydroperoxide
Cumene hydroperoxide is the organic compound with the formula C6H5C(CH3)2OOH; this oily liquid is classified as an organic hydroperoxide. Products of decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide are methylstyrene, acetophenone, and 2-phenylpropan-2-ol. It is produced by treatment of cumene with oxygen, an autoxidation. At temperatures >100 °C, oxygen is passed through liquid cumene: : + O2 → Dicumyl peroxide is a side product. Applications Cumene hydroperoxide is an intermediate in the cumene process for producing phenol and acetone from benzene Benzene is an Organic compound, organic chemical compound with the Chemical formula#Molecular formula, molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a planar hexagonal Ring (chemistry), ring with one hyd ... and propene. : Cumene hydroperoxide is a radical initiator for production of acrylates. Cumene hydroperoxide is involved as an organic peroxide in the production of propyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethylbenzene
Ethylbenzene is an organic compound with the formula . It is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with an odor similar to that of gasoline. This monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is important in the petrochemical industry as a reaction intermediate in the production of styrene, the precursor to polystyrene, a common plastic material. In 2012, more than 99% of ethylbenzene produced was consumed in the production of styrene. Occurrence and applications Ethylbenzene occurs naturally in coal tar and petroleum. The dominant application of ethylbenzene is its role as an intermediate in the production of polystyrene. Catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene gives hydrogen and styrene: : → C6H5CH=CH2 + As of May 2012, more than 99% of all the ethylbenzene produced is used for this purpose. Ethylbenzene hydroperoxide, a reagent and radical initiator, is produced by autoxidation of ethylbenzene: :C6H5CH2CH3 + O2 → C6H5CH(O2H)CH3 Niche uses Ethylbenzene is added to gasoline as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group (periodic table), group in the periodic table, a highly reactivity (chemistry), reactive nonmetal (chemistry), nonmetal, and a potent oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other chemical compound, compounds. Oxygen is abundance of elements in Earth's crust, the most abundant element in Earth's crust, making up almost half of the Earth's crust in the form of various oxides such as water, carbon dioxide, iron oxides and silicates.Atkins, P.; Jones, L.; Laverman, L. (2016).''Chemical Principles'', 7th edition. Freeman. It is abundance of chemical elements, the third-most abundant element in the universe after hydrogen and helium. At standard temperature and pressure, two oxygen atoms will chemical bond, bind covalent bond, covalently to form dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the chemical formula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autoxidation
Autoxidation (sometimes auto-oxidation) refers to oxidations brought about by reactions with oxygen at normal temperatures, without the intervention of flame or electric spark. The term is usually used to describe the gradual degradation of organic compounds in air at ambient temperatures. Many common phenomena can be attributed to autoxidation, such as food going rancid, the ' drying' of varnishes and paints, and the perishing of rubber. It is also an important concept in both industrial chemistry and biology. Autoxidation is therefore a fairly broad term and can encompass examples of photooxygenation and catalytic oxidation. The common mechanism is a free radical chain reaction, where the addition of oxygen gives rise to hydroperoxides and their associated peroxy radicals (ROO•). Typically, an induction period is seen at the start where there is little activity; this is followed by a gradually accelerating take-up of oxygen, giving an autocatalytic reaction which can on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroperoxides
Hydroperoxides or peroxols are compounds of the form ROOH, where R stands for any group, typically organic, which contain the hydroperoxy functional group (). Hydroperoxide also refers to the hydroperoxide anion () and its salts, and the neutral hydroperoxyl radical (•OOH) consist of an unbond hydroperoxy group. When R is organic, the compounds are called organic hydroperoxides. Such compounds are a subset of organic peroxides, which have the formula ROOR. Organic hydroperoxides can either intentionally or unintentionally initiate explosive polymerisation in materials with saturated chemical bonds. Properties The bond length in peroxides is about 1.45 Å, and the angles (R = H, C) are about 110° (water-like). Characteristically, the dihedral angles are about 120°. The bond is relatively weak, with a bond dissociation energy of , less than half the strengths of , , and bonds. Hydroperoxides are typically more volatile than the corresponding alcohols: * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxidizing Agents
An oxidizing agent (also known as an oxidant, oxidizer, electron recipient, or electron acceptor) is a substance in a redox chemical reaction that gains or " accepts"/"receives" an electron from a (called the , , or ''electron donor''). In other words, an oxidizer is any substance that oxidizes another substance. The oxidation state, which describes the degree of loss of electrons, of the oxidizer decreases while that of the reductant increases; this is expressed by saying that oxidizers "undergo reduction" and "are reduced" while reducers "undergo oxidation" and "are oxidized". Common oxidizing agents are oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and the halogens. In one sense, an oxidizing agent is a chemical species that undergoes a chemical reaction in which it gains one or more electrons. In that sense, it is one component in an oxidation–reduction (redox) reaction. In the second sense, an oxidizing agent is a chemical species that transfers electronegative atoms, usually oxygen, to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
