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Ethnonymic Surname
Ethnonymic surnames are surnames or bynames that originate from ethnonyms. They may originate from nicknames based on the descent of a person from a given ethnic group. Other reasons could be that a person came to a particular place from the area with different ethnic prevalence, from owing a property in such area, or had a considerable contact with persons or area of other ethnicity. Also, they may reflect the fact that a given person matched a particular ethnic stereotype.Farkas, Tamás. 2013Surnames of Ethnonymic Origin in the Hungarian Language .”In: ''Numele Si Numirea'': Actele Conferinței Internaționale de Onomasticǎ . Milán ŠišmišII - Slovak Surnames: What They Can Tell A Family Historian ''SLOVO'', vol.32, no. 10, December 2009(an excerpt from the article published in ''Naše rodina'', December 1996) In some research ethnonymic surnames are grouped together with toponymic surnames into "surname by origin", because many ethnonyms may be viewed as demonyms as well;Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surname
In many societies, a surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family. It is typically combined with a given name to form the full name of a person, although several given names and surnames are possible in the full name. In modern times most surnames are hereditary, although in most countries a person has a right to name change, change their name. Depending on culture, the surname may be placed either at the start of a person's name, or at the end. The number of surnames given to an individual also varies: in most cases it is just one, but in Portuguese-speaking countries and many Spanish-speaking countries, two surnames (one inherited from the mother and another from the father) are used for legal purposes. Depending on culture, not all members of a family unit are required to have identical surnames. In some countries, surnames are modified depending on gender and family membership status of a person. C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Curonians
:''The Kursenieki are also sometimes known as Curonians.'' The Curonians or Kurs (; ) were a medieval Balts, Baltic tribe living on the shores of the Baltic Sea in the 5th–16th centuries, in what are now western parts of Latvia and Lithuania. They eventually merged with other Baltic tribes contributing to the ethnogenesis of present-day Latvians and Lithuanians. Curonians gave their name to the region of Courland (''Kurzeme''), Kuršėnai town, Curonian spit and many other localities. They spoke the Curonian language. Origin The ethnic origin of the Curonians has been disputed in the past. Some researchers place the Curonians in the eastern Baltic group.Östen Dahl (ed.) 2001, ''The Circum-Baltic Languages: Typology and Contact,'' vol. 1 Others hold that the Curonians were related to Old Prussians who belonged in the western Baltic group. History The historical Curonians were described in contemporary sources as warriors, sailors and pirates. They are on the record havin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lituanus
''Lituanus'' is an English language quarterly journal dedicated to Lithuanian and Baltic languages, linguistics, political science, arts, history, literature, and related topics. It is published by the non-profit Lituanus Foundation, Inc., and has a worldwide circulation of about 3,000 copies per issue. The first issue was published in 1954 in Chicago, Illinois. Many of the back issues are available free of charge on its website. ''Lituanus'' is abstracted in two internationally recognized abstract services: MLA (Modern Language Association) and IPSA (International Political Science Association). Over the last fifty years, its most frequent editor has been Professor (now Emeritus) Antanas Klimas of the University of Rochester. The journal has featured articles by Czesław Miłosz Czesław Miłosz ( , , ; 30 June 1911 – 14 August 2004) was a Polish Americans, Polish-American poet, prose writer, translator, and diplomat. He primarily wrote his poetry in Polish language, Poli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natangians
Natangians or Notangians (; ; ; ) was a Prussian clan, which lived in the region of Natangia, an area that is now mostly part of the Russian exclave Kaliningrad Oblast, whereas the southern portion lies in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. In the 13th century, when the Teutonic Knights began their crusade against the Prussians, some 15,000 people might have lived in the area between the Pregolya and Łyna rivers. The Natangian lands bordered with Sambia in the north, Warmia in the west and south, and Bartia in the southeast. They likely spoke a West Baltic language, now extinct, similar to Old Prussian language. History Natangians are first mentioned in a 1238 treaty between the Knights and Duke Świętopełk II of Pomerania. They were conquered by the Teutonic Knights around 1239–1240. In order to prevent the Natangians from liberating themselves from Teutonic rule, the Teutonic Order erected the Kreuzburg Castle in Natangia. The Treaty of Christburg of earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yatvingians
Yotvingians, also called Sudovians, Jatvians, or Jatvingians, were a Western Baltic people who were closely tied to the Old Prussians. The linguist Petras Būtėnas asserts that they were closest to the Lithuanians. The Yotvingians contributed to the formation of the Lithuanian state. Culture Etymology According to Vytautas Mažiulis, the name Sūduva derives from a local hydronym ''*Sūd(a)vā'', derived from a Baltic verbal root, ''*sū-'': to flow, pour. Language Numerous linguists consider the Yotvingian language as a dialect of the Old Prussian language. The Lithuanian linguist Petras Būtėnas states that such an opinion is incorrect, because the Lithuanian predominates in Yotvingian toponymy instead of the Old Prussian . The Lithuanian professor Zigmas Zinkevičius wrote that the Yotvingians spoke a dialect of Western Baltic that was closer to Lithuanian than Prussian. The only known written source of the Yotvingian language is the manuscript "". Geography ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aesti
The Aesti (also Aestii, Astui or Aests) were an ancient people first described by the Roman historian Tacitus in his treatise ''Germania'' (circa 98 AD). According to Tacitus, the territory of Aesti was located somewhere east of the ''Suiones'' (Swedes). Overview Tacitus described the Aesti as having lived "upon the right of the Suevian Sea" and had the same customs and attire as the Germanic Suevi. It has been suggested that the Aesti worshipped the mother of the gods, similar to the Nerthus cult among northern Germanic peoples.Lang, Valter''The Bronze And Early Iron Ages In Estonia'' Estonian Archaeology 3. University of Tartu Press, Tartu. 2007. Accessed 26 December 2013 Though they were most likely of Baltic origin, they had extensively intermingled with the neighbouring Gothic tribes. Tacitus wrote that the Aesti were "the only people who collect amber—''glaesum'' is their own word for it—in the shallows or even on the beach". ''Glaesum'', an apparently Latinised w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aistis
Aistis is a Lithuanian given name and ethnonymic surname derived from the given name/nickname literally meaning "person from the Aesti tribe".WILLIAM R. SCHMALSTIEGLITHUANIAN NAMES'Lituanus'', Volume 28, No.3 - Fall 1982 Notable people with the name include: * Aistis Pilauskas, Lithuanian professional basketball player *Jonas Aistis Jonas Aleksandravičius (7 July 1904 – 13 June 1973), better known as Jonas Aistis or Jonas Kuosa-Aleksandravičius, was a Lithuanian writer, poet, and essayist. Aistis was one of the most prominent neoromantic poets of Lithuania. Biography E ..., Lithuanian writer, poet, and essayist See also * * Aistė References {{Reflist Lithuanian-language surnames Ethnonymic surnames Lithuanian masculine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muscovite
Muscovite (also known as common mica, isinglass, or potash mica) is a hydrated phyllosilicate mineral of aluminium and potassium with formula KAl2(Al Si3 O10)( F,O H)2, or ( KF)2( Al2O3)3( SiO2)6( H2O). It has a highly perfect basal cleavage yielding remarkably thin laminae (sheets) which are often highly elastic. Sheets of muscovite have been found in Nellore, India. Muscovite has a Mohs hardness of 2–2.25 parallel to the 01face, 4 perpendicular to the 01and a specific gravity of 2.76–3. It can be colorless or tinted through grays, violet or red, and can be transparent or translucent. It is anisotropic and has high birefringence. Its crystal system is monoclinic. The green, chromium-rich variety is called fuchsite; mariposite is also a chromium-rich type of muscovite. Muscovite is the most common mica, found in granites, pegmatites, gneisses, and schists, and as a contact metamorphic rock or as a secondary mineral resulting from the alteration of topaz, feldspar, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithuania
Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian exclave, semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a Maritime boundary, maritime border with Sweden to the west. Lithuania covers an area of , with a population of 2.89 million. Its capital and largest city is Vilnius; other major cities include Kaunas, Klaipėda, Šiauliai and Panevėžys. Lithuanians who are the titular nation and form the majority of the country's population, belong to the ethnolinguistic group of Balts and speak Lithuanian language, Lithuanian. For millennia, the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Balts, Baltic tribes. In the 1230s, Lithuanian lands were united for the first time by Mindaugas, who formed the Kingdom of Lithuania on 6 July ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vācietis
Vācietis (feminine: Vāciete) is a Latvian ethnonymic surname literally meaning "German person".Laimute Balode, Laura Grīviņa,THE CHANGE OF SURNAMES AND ITS CONSEQUENCES IN LATVIA IN THE 1920S AND 1930S In: ''Insights into the Baltic and Finnic Languages'', 2022, pp. 21-40 Notable people with the surname include: *Jukums Vācietis (1873–1938), Latvian Soviet military commander * (1873-1945), general of the Latvian Armed Forces, Minister of War of Latvia *Ojārs Vācietis Ojārs Vācietis (born November 13, 1933 – November 28, 1983) was a Latvians, Latvian writer and poet. He is often considered one of the most famous and influential poets in the Latvian SSR. Biography Ojārs Vācietis was born on November 1 ... (1933—1983), Latvian writer See also * References {{surname Latvian-language masculine surnames Ethnonymic surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krievs
Alberts Krievs (10 September 1902 – 19 June 1971) was a Latvian wrestler. He competed in the Greco-Roman bantamweight at the 1924 Summer Olympics The 1924 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the VIII Olympiad () and officially branded as Paris 1924, were an international multi-sport event held in Paris, France. The opening ceremony was held on 5 July, but some competitions had al .... References External links * * 1902 births 1971 deaths Olympic wrestlers for Latvia Wrestlers at the 1924 Summer Olympics Latvian male sport wrestlers Place of birth missing {{Latvia-wrestling-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
