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Empyrean
In ancient European cosmologies inspired by Aristotle, the Empyrean heaven, Empyreal or simply the Empyrean, was the place in the highest heaven which was supposed to be occupied by the element of fire (or aether in Aristotle's natural philosophy). Later early and medieval Christian cosmology incorporated the concept in descriptions of the Christian notion of heaven. Etymology The word derives from the Medieval Latin ''empyreus'', an adaptation of the Ancient Greek ''empyros'' (), meaning "in or on the fire (''pyr'')". The word is used both as a noun and as an adjective, but ''empyreal'' is an alternate adjective form. The scientific words ''empyreuma'' and ''empyreumatic'', applied to the characteristic smell of the burning or charring of vegetable or animal matter, have the same Greek origin. In Christianity Early Christians took inspiration from Aristotle's cosmology in their reckoning of heaven. From the 7th century onwards, the idea of the Empyrean gained traction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paradiso (Dante)
''Paradiso'' (; Italian for "Paradise" or "Heaven (Christianity), Heaven") is the third and final part of Dante's ''Divine Comedy'', following the ''Inferno (Dante), Inferno'' and the ''Purgatorio''. It is an allegory telling of Dante's journey through Heaven, guided by Beatrice Portinari, Beatrice, who symbolises theology. In the poem, Paradise is depicted as a series of concentric spheres surrounding the Earth, consisting of the Moon, Mercury (planet), Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the Fixed stars, Fixed Stars, the Primum Mobile and finally, the Empyrean. It was written in the early 14th century. Allegorically, the poem represents the soul's ascent to God. Introduction The ''Paradiso'' begins at the top of Purgatorio, Mount Purgatory, called the Purgatorio#The Earthly Paradise, Earthly Paradise (i.e. the Garden of Eden), at noon on Wednesday, March 30 (or April 13), 1300, following Easter Sunday. Dante's journey through Paradise takes approximately twenty-f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heavenly Sphere
The celestial spheres, or celestial orbs, were the fundamental entities of the cosmology, cosmological models developed by Plato, Eudoxus of Cnidus, Eudoxus, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus, and others. In these celestial models, the diurnal motion, apparent motions of the fixed stars and classical planet, planets are accounted for by treating them as embedded in rotating spheres made of an aetherial, transparent fifth element (aether (classical element), quintessence), like gems set in orbs. Since it was believed that the fixed stars were unchanging in their positions relative to one another, it was argued that they must be on the surface of a single starry sphere. Context In modern thought, the Orbit#Planetary orbits, orbits of the planets are viewed as the paths of those planets through mostly empty space. Ancient and medieval thinkers, however, considered the celestial orbs to be thick spheres of rarefied matter nested one within the other, each one in complete contact w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aether (classical Element)
According to ancient and History of science in the Middle Ages, medieval science, aether (, alternative spellings include ''æther'', ''aither'', and ''ether''), also known as the fifth element or quintessence, is the material that fills the region of the universe beyond the Sublunary sphere, terrestrial sphere. The concept of aether was used in several theories to explain several natural phenomena, such as the propagation of light and gravity. In the late 19th century, physicists postulated that aether permeated space, providing a medium through which light could travel in a vacuum, but evidence for the presence of such a medium was not found in the Michelson–Morley experiment, and this result has been interpreted to mean that no luminiferous aether exists. Mythological origins The word (''aithḗr'') in Homeric Greek means "pure, fresh air" or "clear sky". In Greek mythology, it was thought to be the pure essence that the gods breathed, filling the space where they lived, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Heavens
In ancient Near Eastern cosmology, the seven heavens refer to seven firmaments or physical layers located above the open sky. The concept can be found in ancient Mesopotamian religion, Judaism, and Islam. Some traditions complement the seven heavens with an idea of the seven earths or seven underworlds. These heavens or underworlds have been conceived of as realms with deities or celestial bodies (such as the classical planets and fixed stars). Variants of the seven heavens tradition existed. Ancient Near Eastern cosmology more often described the number of heavens and earths as three, instead of seven. Seven as the number of heavens was the most popular value for Jewish cosmology, but depending on the text, the number ranged from 3 to 365. Origins The notion or belief in a cosmos structured or tiered into seven heavens likely originates or derives from the seven visible heavenly bodies (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the Moon, and the Sun). Ancient Near Easter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleroma
Pleroma (, literally "fullness") generally refers to the totality of divine powers. It is used in Christian theological contexts, as well as in Gnosticism. The term also appears in the Epistle to the Colossians, which is traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle. The word is used 17 times in the New Testament. Etymology The word literally means "fullness", from the verb (, "to fill"), from (Wikt:πλήρης, πλήρης, "full"). Christianity New Testament The word itself is a relative term, capable of many shades of meaning, according to the subject with which it is joined and the antithesis to which it is contrasted. It denotes the result of the action of the verb ''pleroun;'' but ''pleroun'' is either *to fill up an empty thing (''e.g.'' ), or *to complete an incomplete thing (''e.g.'' ); and the verbal substantive in -''ma'' may express either #the objective accusative after the verb, 'the thing filled or completed,' or # the cognate accusative, 'the state of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyperuranion
The hyperuranionKatherine Murphy, Richard Todd, "A Man Very Well Studyed": New Contexts for Thomas Browne"', BRILL, 2008, p. 260. or topos hyperuranios (,Plato, '' Phaedrus'', 247b–c. accusative of ὑπερουράνιος τόπος, "place beyond heaven"), which is also called Platonic realm, is a place in heaven where all ideas of real things are collected together. As a perfect realm of Forms, the hyperuranion is within Plato's view that the idea of a phenomenon is beyond the realm of real phenomena and that everything we experience in our lives is merely a copy of a perfect model. It is described as higher than the gods since their divinity depended on the knowledge of the hyperuranion beings. The hyperuranion doctrine is also a later medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paradiso Canto 31
Paradiso may refer to: Literature * Paradiso (Dante), ''Paradiso'' (Dante), the third part of Dante's ''Divine Comedy'' * Paradiso (novel), ''Paradiso'' (novel), a 1966 novel by José Lezama Lima Music * Paradiso (Amsterdam), a music venue in Amsterdam * Paradiso Festival, an annual music festival at the Gorge Amphitheatre in George, Washington, U.S. Albums * Paradiso (Fiction Plane album), ''Paradiso'' (Fiction Plane album), 2009 * Paradiso (Hayley Westenra album), ''Paradiso'' (Hayley Westenra album), 2011 * ''Paradiso'', by Chino Amobi, 2017 * ''Paradiso (Lucio Battisti Songbook)'', by Mina, 2018 * ''Paradiso'', by Tangerine Dream discography, Tangerine Dream, 2006 Songs * "Il paradiso", a 1969 song by Ambra Borelli and Patty Pravo * Paradiso (song), "Paradiso" (song), a 1994 song by Marika Gombitová * "Paradiso", a 2012 song by Azealia Banks from ''Fantasea (mixtape), Fantasea'' * "Paradiso", a 1962 song by Connie Francis discography#Germany singles, Connie Francis Places ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Cosmology
A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title (), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term ''mashiach'' () (usually rendered as ''messiah'' in English). While there are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict, they are united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance. The term ''Christian'' used as an adjective is descriptive of anything associated with Christianity or Christian churches, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." According to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there were 2.3 billion Christians around the world, up from about 600 million in 1910. Today, about 37% of all Christians live in the Americas, about 26% live in Europe, 24% live in sub-Saharan Africa, ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religious Cosmologies
Religion is a range of social- cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural, transcendental, and spiritual elements—although there is no scholarly consensus over what precisely constitutes a religion. It is an essentially contested concept. Different religions may or may not contain various elements ranging from the divine, sacredness, faith,Tillich, P. (1957) ''Dynamics of faith''. Harper Perennial; (p. 1). and a supernatural being or beings. The origin of religious belief is an open question, with possible explanations including awareness of individual death, a sense of community, and dreams. Religions have sacred histories, narratives, and mythologies, preserved in oral traditions, sacred texts, symbols, and holy places, that may attempt to explain the origin of life, the universe, and other phen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Scientific Cosmologies
Early may refer to: Places in the United States * Early, Iowa, a city * Early, Texas, a city * Early Branch, a stream in Missouri * Early County, Georgia * Fort Early, Georgia, an early 19th century fort Music * Early B, stage name of Jamaican dancehall and reggae deejay Earlando Arrington Neil (1957–1994) * Early James, stage name of American singer-songwriter Fredrick Mullis Jr. (born 1993) * ''Early'' (Scritti Politti album), 2005 * ''Early'' (A Certain Ratio album), 2002 * Early Records, a record label Other uses * Early (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname * Early effect, an effect in transistor physics * Early, a synonym for ''hotter'' in stellar classification In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their stellar spectrum, spectral characteristics. Electromagnetic radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a Prism (optics), prism or diffraction gratin ... See also * * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Firmament
In ancient near eastern cosmology, the firmament means a celestial barrier that separates the heavenly waters above from the Earth below. In biblical cosmology, the firmament ( ''rāqīaʿ'') is the vast solid dome created by God during the Genesis creation narrative to separate the primal sea into upper and lower portions so that the dry land could appear. The concept was adopted into the subsequent Classical and Medieval models of heavenly spheres, but was dropped with advances in astronomy in the 16th and 17th centuries. Today it is known as a synonym for ''sky'' or ''heaven''. Etymology Firmament In English, the word "firmament" is recorded as early as 1250, in the '' Middle English Story of Genesis and Exodus''. It later appeared in the King James Bible. The same word is found in French and German Bible translations, all from Latin '' firmamentum'' (a firm object), used in the Vulgate (4th century). This in turn is a calque of the Greek (), also meaning a solid o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
