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Earthquake Simulation
Earthquake simulation applies a real or simulated vibrational input to a structure that possesses the essential features of a real seismic event. Earthquake simulations are generally performed to study the effects of earthquakes on man-made engineered structures, or on natural features which may present a hazard during an earthquake. Dynamic experiments on building and non-building structures may be physical – as with shake-table testing – or virtual (based on computer simulation). In all cases, to verify a structure's expected seismic performance, researchers prefer to deal with so called 'real time-histories' though the last cannot be 'real' for a hypothetical earthquake specified by either a building code or by some particular research requirements. Shake-table testing Studying a building's response to an earthquake is performed by putting a model of the structure on a shake-table that simulates the seismic loading. The earliest such experiments were performed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaking NDC
Shake, The Shakes, Shaking, or Shakin' may refer to: * Handshake, a greeting and parting custom * Milkshake, a sweet cold beverage similar to very soft ice cream, often called a shake * Tremor, a medical symptom * Vibration It may also refer to: People * Shake (singer) (Sheikh Abdullah Ahmad), Malaysian singer * Xie Keyin (born 1997), Chinese singer, rapper and songwriter known as Shaking * Shake Milton (born 1996), American basketball player * 070 Shake (born 1997), American rapper and singer * Christi Shake (born 1980), 2002 Playboy playmate * Anthony "Shake" Shakir, Detroit techno producer * Shakin' Stevens (born 1948), Welsh rock and roll singer * Kaitlyn Shake, American politician Music Albums * ''Shake!'' (album) (1968), by the Siegel–Schwall Band * ''Shakin'' (album), 1986 work by country music group Sawyer Brown * ''Shake'' (John Schlitt album) (1995) * ''Shake'' (2001), by Zucchero Fornaciari * ''Shake'' (The Thing album) (2015) Songs * "Shake", by Alesha Dixon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-building Structure
A nonbuilding structure, often referred to simply as a structure, is any built structure or construction structure that is not a building, i.e. not designed for continuous human occupancy. The term is particularly used by architects, structural engineers, and mechanical engineers to distinguish load-bearing structures not designed for continuous human occupancy. Examples * Aerial lift pylons * Avalanche dams * BarriersPrasad, Deo K.. ''Designing with solar power: a source book for building integrated photovoltaics (BiPV''). Mulgrave, Vic.: Images ;, 2005. Print. * Beehive stone * Blast furnaces * Boat lifts * Brick kilns * Bridges and bridge-like structures ( aqueducts, overpasses, trestles, viaducts, etc.) * Bus stops * Canals ** Aqueduct *** Acequia * Carports * Chimneys and flue-gas stacks * Coke ovens * Communications towers * Conservatories * Covered bridges Kunreuther, Howard, and Richard J. Roth. Paying the price the status and role of insurance aga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earthquake Shaking Table
There are different experimental techniques which can be used to test the response of structures and soil or rock slopes to verify their seismic performance. One of these is using an earthquake shaking table (a shaking table or shake table). This device is used for shaking scaled slopes, structural models or building components with a wide range of simulated ground motions, including reproductions of recorded earthquake time-histories. While modern tables typically consist of a rectangular platform that is driven in up to six degrees of freedom (DOF) by servo-hydraulic or other types of actuators, the earliest shake table, invented at the University of Tokyo in 1893 to categorize types of building construction, ran on a simple wheel mechanism. Test specimens are fixed to the platform and shaken, often to the point of failure. Using video records and data from transducers, it is possible to interpret the dynamic behaviour of the specimen. Earthquake shaking tables are used exten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seismic Performance
Seismology (; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (''seismós'') meaning "earthquake" and -λογία (''-logía'') meaning "study of") is the scientific study of earthquakes (or generally, quake (natural phenomenon), quakes) and the generation and propagation of Linear elasticity#Elastic wave, elastic waves through planetary body, planetary bodies. It also includes studies of the earthquake environmental effects, environmental effects of earthquakes such as tsunamis; other seismic sources such as volcanoes, plate tectonics, glaciers, Fluvial seismology, rivers, oceanic microseisms, and the atmosphere; and induced seismicity, artificial processes such as explosions. Paleoseismology is a related field that uses geology to infer information regarding past earthquakes. A recording of Earth's motion as a function of time, created by a seismograph is called a seismogram. A seismologist is a scientist who works in basic or applied seismology. History Scholarly interest in earthquakes c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Building Code
A building code (also building control or building regulations) is a set of rules that specify the standards for construction objects such as buildings and non-building structures. Buildings must conform to the code to obtain planning permission, usually from a local council. The main purpose of building codes is to protect public health, safety and general welfare as they relate to the construction and occupancy of buildings and for example, the building codes in many countries require engineers to consider the effects of soil liquefaction in the design of new buildings. The building code becomes law of a particular jurisdiction when formally enacted by the appropriate governmental or private authority. Building codes are generally intended to be applied by architects, engineers, interior designers, constructors and regulators but are also used for various purposes by safety inspectors, environmental scientists, real estate developers, subcontractors, manufacturers of b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earthquake Shaking Table
There are different experimental techniques which can be used to test the response of structures and soil or rock slopes to verify their seismic performance. One of these is using an earthquake shaking table (a shaking table or shake table). This device is used for shaking scaled slopes, structural models or building components with a wide range of simulated ground motions, including reproductions of recorded earthquake time-histories. While modern tables typically consist of a rectangular platform that is driven in up to six degrees of freedom (DOF) by servo-hydraulic or other types of actuators, the earliest shake table, invented at the University of Tokyo in 1893 to categorize types of building construction, ran on a simple wheel mechanism. Test specimens are fixed to the platform and shaken, often to the point of failure. Using video records and data from transducers, it is possible to interpret the dynamic behaviour of the specimen. Earthquake shaking tables are used exten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seismic Loading
Seismic loading is one of the basic concepts of earthquake engineering which means application of an earthquake-generated agitation to a structure. It happens at contact surfaces of a structure either with the ground, or with adjacent structures, or with gravity waves from tsunami. Seismic loading depends, primarily, on: * Anticipated earthquake's parameters at the site – known as seismic hazard * Geotechnical parameters of the site * Structure's parameters * Characteristics of the anticipated gravity waves from tsunami (if applicable). Sometimes, seismic load exceeds ability of a structure to resist it without being broken, partially or completely Due to their mutual interaction, seismic loading and seismic performance of a structure A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peak Ground Acceleration
Peak ground acceleration (PGA) is equal to the maximum ground acceleration that occurred during earthquake shaking at a location. PGA is equal to the amplitude of the largest absolute acceleration recorded on an wikt:accelerogram, accelerogram at a site during a particular earthquake. Earthquake shaking generally occurs in all three directions. Therefore, PGA is often split into the horizontal and vertical components. Horizontal PGAs are generally larger than those in the vertical direction but this is not always true, especially close to large earthquakes. PGA is an important parameter (also known as an intensity measure) for earthquake engineering, The design basis earthquake ground motion (DBEGM) is often defined in terms of PGA. Unlike the Richter magnitude scale, Richter and Moment magnitude scale, moment magnitude scales, it is not a measure of the total seismic scales#Magnitude and intensity, energy (magnitude, or size) of an earthquake, but rather of how much the earth shake ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statics
Statics is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned with the analysis of force and torque acting on a physical system that does not experience an acceleration, but rather is in mechanical equilibrium, equilibrium with its environment. If \textbf F is the total of the forces acting on the system, m is the mass of the system and \textbf a is the acceleration of the system, Newton's second law states that \textbf F = m \textbf a \, (the bold font indicates a Euclidean vector, vector quantity, i.e. one with both Magnitude (mathematics), magnitude and Direction (geometry), direction). If \textbf a =0, then \textbf F = 0. As for a system in static equilibrium, the acceleration equals zero, the system is either at rest, or its center of mass moves at constant velocity. The application of the assumption of zero acceleration to the summation of Moment (physics), moments acting on the system leads to \textbf M = I \alpha = 0, where \textbf M is the summation of all momen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dynamics (mechanics)
In physics, dynamics or classical dynamics is the study of forces and their effect on motion. It is a branch of classical mechanics, along with ''statics'' and ''kinematics''. The ''fundamental principle of dynamics'' is linked to Newton's second law. Subdivisions Rigid bodies Fluids Applications Classical dynamics finds many applications: * ''Aerodynamics'', the study of the motion of air * '' Brownian dynamics'', the occurrence of Langevin dynamics in the motion of particles in solution * '' File dynamics'', stochastic motion of particles in a channel * ''Flight dynamics'', the science of aircraft and spacecraft design * ''Molecular dynamics'', the study of motion on the molecular level * '' Langevin dynamics'', a mathematical model for stochastic dynamics * '' Orbital dynamics'', the study of the motion of rockets and spacecraft * '' Stellar dynamics'', a description of the collective motion of stars * '' Vehicle dynamics, the study of vehicles in motion Generalizations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seismic Analysis
Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of the response of a building (or nonbuilding) structure to earthquakes. It is part of the process of structural design, earthquake engineering or structural assessment and retrofit (see structural engineering) in regions where earthquakes are prevalent. As seen in the figure, a building has the potential to 'wave' back and forth during an earthquake (or even a severe wind storm). This is called the 'fundamental mode', and is the lowest frequency of building response. Most buildings, however, have higher modes of response, which are uniquely activated during earthquakes. The figure just shows the second mode, but there are higher 'shimmy' (abnormal vibration) modes. Nevertheless, the first and second modes tend to cause the most damage in most cases. The earliest provisions for seismic resistance were the requirement to design for a lateral force equal to a proportion of the building weight (applie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
