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Driving License In Indonesia
The Indonesian driving license (, abbreviated as SIM) is a legal document required for a person to be allowed to drive a motor vehicle in Indonesia. It is issued by the Indonesian National Police (POLRI), renewable every 5 years, and is valid in all ASEAN member states without an International Driving Permit. Driving license holders are subject to all Indonesian road rules and regulations. There is no provisional driving license in Indonesia. By definition, the license is considered both proof of registration and valid identification given to someone who has met administrative requirements, is physically and mentally healthy, understands traffic regulations and is qualified to drive a motorized vehicle. The minimum age for a license varies depending on class, starting from 17 for private cars to 23 for commercial heavy vehicles. Requirements The requirements for an individual applicant are stated below: # Be of age for the intended class # Indonesian identity card (KTP) # Appli ...
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Semi-trailer
A semi-trailer is a trailer (vehicle), trailer without a front axle. The combination of a semi-trailer and a tractor truck is called a ''semi-trailer truck'' (also known simply as a "semi-trailer", "tractor trailer", or "semi" in the United States). A large proportion of a semi-trailer's weight is supported by a tractor unit, or a detachable front-axle assembly known as a dolly (trailer), dolly, or the B-Train, tail of another trailer. The semi-trailer's weight is semi-supported (half-supported) by its own wheels, at the rear of the semi-trailer. A semi-trailer is normally equipped with landing gear (legs which can be lowered) to support it when it is uncoupled. Many semi-trailers have wheels that are capable of being totally dismounted and are also relocatable (repositionable) to better distribute load to bearing wheel weight factors. Semi-trailers are more popular for transport than Trailer (vehicle)#Full, full trailers, which have both front and rear axles. Ease of backing i ...
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Vehicle Registration Plates Of Indonesia
Motorized vehicles in Indonesia are required to have Vehicle registration plate, registration plates, which must be displayed both at the front and back of the vehicles. The issuing of number plates is regulated and administered by SAMSAT (), which is a collaboration between the Indonesian National Police, provincial offices of regional revenue, and the national mandatory vehicle insurance operator Vehicle insurance#Indonesia, Jasa Raharja. Registration area codes The lettering convention denoting the area of registration is a legacy of the Dutch colonial era and does not reflect the current regional divisions of the country into provinces. They follow the old system of Dutch ''Karesidenan'' or Residency (administrative division), residencies lettering systems, which were adopted in the 1920s, and the Territorial Police system which was abolished in 2010. The list of area codes are: Several areas provide license plates for non-motorized transport vehicles. In Yogyakart ...
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1949 Geneva Convention
The Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (), more commonly referred to as the Fourth Geneva Convention and abbreviated as GCIV, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. It was adopted in August 1949, and came into force in October 1950. While the first three conventions dealt with combatants, the Fourth Geneva Convention was the first to deal with humanitarian protections for civilians in a war zone. There are currently 196 countries party to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including this and the other three treaties. Among its numerous provisions, the Fourth Geneva Convention explicitly prohibits the transfer of the population of an occupying power into the territory it occupies. The Fourth Geneva Convention only concerns protected civilians in occupied territory rather than the effects of hostilities, such as the strategic bombing during World War II. The 1977 Additional Protocol 1 to the Geneva Conventions (AP-1) prohibits all ...
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Disability
Disability is the experience of any condition that makes it more difficult for a person to do certain activities or have equitable access within a given society. Disabilities may be Cognitive disability, cognitive, Developmental disability, developmental, Intellectual disability, intellectual, mental disorder#Disability, mental, physical disability, physical, Sense, sensory, or a combination of multiple factors. Disabilities can be Birth defect, present from birth or can be acquired during a person's lifetime. Historically, disabilities have only been recognized based on a narrow set of criteria—however, disabilities are not binary and can be present in unique characteristics depending on the individual. A disability may be readily visible, or Invisible disability, invisible in nature. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities defines disability as including: Disabilities have been perceived differently throughout history, through a variety of ...
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Motorcycles
A motorcycle (motorbike, bike; uni (if one-wheeled); trike (if three-wheeled); quad (if four-wheeled)) is a lightweight private 1-to-2 passenger personal motor vehicle Steering, steered by a Motorcycle handlebar, handlebar from a saddle-style seat. Motorcycle designs vary greatly to suit a range of different purposes: Long-distance motorcycle riding, long-distance travel, Motorcycle commuting, commuting, cruising (driving), cruising, Motorcycle sport, sport (including Motorcycle racing, racing), and Off-roading, off-road riding. Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and being involved in other related social activities such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rally, motorcycle rallies. The 1885 Daimler Reitwagen made by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Germany was the first internal combustion, petroleum-fueled motorcycle. In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle. Globally, motorcycles are comparable numerically t ...
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Commercial Vehicle
A commercial vehicle is any type of motor vehicle used for transporting goods or paying passengers. Depending on laws and designations, a commercial vehicle can be any broad type of motor vehicle used commercially or for business purposes. Classification In the United States, a vehicle is designated "commercial" when it is titled or registered to a company. This is a broad definition, as commercial vehicles may be fleet vehicles, company cars, or other vehicles used for business. Vehicles that are designed to carry more than 15 passengers are considered a commercial vehicle. Variations may exist from state-to-state on which "commercial vehicles" are prohibited on certain routes and lanes and between homeowner associations, which may employ broader definitions than their municipalities with regard to their own parking restrictions. Broadly defined, a vehicle may be considered a commercial vehicle if it: * Belongs to a company or corporation * Is used for business, but is in an in ...
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Electric Vehicles
An electric vehicle (EV) is a motor vehicle whose propulsion is powered fully or mostly by electricity. EVs encompass a wide range of transportation modes, including road vehicle, road and rail vehicles, electric boats and Submersible, submersibles, electric aircraft and electrically powered spacecraft propulsion, electric spacecraft. Early electric vehicles first came into existence in the late 19th century, when the Second Industrial Revolution brought forth electrification and mass utilization of DC motor, DC and AC motor, AC electric motors. Using electricity was among the preferred methods for motor vehicle propulsion as it provided a level of quietness, comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline engine cars of the time, but range anxiety due to the limited energy storage offered by history of the battery, contemporary battery technologies hindered any mass adoption of private electric vehicles throughout the 20th century. Internal combustion ...
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Driving License
A driver's license, driving licence, or driving permit is a legal authorization, or the official document confirming such an authorization, for a specific individual to operate one or more types of motorized vehicles—such as motorcycles, cars, trucks, or buses—on a public road. Such licenses are often plastic and the ISO/IEC 7810#ID-1, size of a credit card. In most international agreements, the wording "driving permit" is used, for instance in the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic. In American English, the terms "driver license" or "driver's license" are used. In Australian English, Canadian English and New Zealand English, the terms "driver licence" or "driver's licence" are used while in British English the term is "driving licence". In some countries the term "driving license" is used. The laws relating to the licensing of drivers vary between jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, a permit is issued after the recipient has passed a driving test, while in others a perso ...
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Indonesian Identity Card
The Indonesian identity card (, KTP), is a compulsory identity card for Indonesians, Indonesian citizens and residents with a valid resident permit. The card is issued upon reaching the age of 17 or upon marriage. For Indonesian citizens, the card is valid for life (previously it was only valid for 5 years for citizens under 60 years old). For non-Indonesian citizens, it is valid for as long as their residency permit allows. Since 2011, the Indonesian Government of Indonesia, government has issued an electronic version of the card, known as the e-KTP (''KTP elektronik''), which contains an embedded Integrated circuit, microchip. History Dutch East Indies The general identity card during the Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonial era was called a residence certificate (). This card did not record the bearer's religion. Citizens seeking to obtain proof of residence were required to contact their local ''controleur'' (controller) and pay a fee of 1.5 guilders. The paper card measuring ...
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Learner's Permit
A driver's permit, learner's permit, student permit, learner's license or provisional license is a restricted license that is given to a person who is learning to driving, drive, but has not yet satisfied the prerequisite to obtain a driver's license. Having a learner's permit for a certain length of time is usually one of the requirements (along with driver's education and a Driving test, road test) for applying for a full driver's license. To get a learner's permit, one must typically pass a written permit test, take a basic competency test in the vehicle, or both. Australia Laws regarding learner's permits in Australia differ between each state. However, all states require a number of hours supervised driving to be undertaken and for the permit to be held for a set period. The age to get a Learner Permit is 16 in all states and territories except the Australian Capital Territory, ACT where it is 15 and 9 months. When a person is on their learner's permit, they have to log 12� ...
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