|
Disease-modifying Osteoarthritis Drug
A disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) is a disease-modifying drug that would inhibit or even reverse the progression of osteoarthritis. Since the main hallmark of osteoarthritis is cartilage loss, a typical DMOAD would prevent the loss of cartilage and potentially regenerate it. Other DMOADs may attempt to help repair adjacent tissues by reducing inflammation. A successful DMOAD would be expected to show an improvement in patient pain and function with an improvement of the health of the joint tissues. Approved for human use There are currently no DMOADs approved for human use. Drugs with undergoing human trials Drugs under investigation Gene therapy for osteoarthritis is also being investigated as technology to create a drug that would act as a disease-modifying drug. Several approved drugs are being investigated as repurposed agents in the treatment of osteoarthritis such as liraglutide (anti-diabetic and anti-obesity drug: NCT02905864), Metformin (anti-diabe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disease-modifying Drug
A disease-modifying treatment, disease-modifying drug, or disease-modifying therapy is a treatment that delays, slows or reverses the progression of a disease by targeting its underlying cause. They are distinguished from symptomatic treatments that treat the symptoms of a disease but do not address its underlying cause. Examples * Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug * Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) comprise a category of otherwise unrelated disease-modifying drugs defined by their use in rheumatoid arthritis to slow down disease progression. The term is often used in contrast to nonsteroida ... References Medical treatments Medical terminology {{treatment-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ADAMTS5
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 also known as ADAMTS5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADAMTS5'' gene. Function ADAMTS5 is a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein family. Members of the family share several distinct protein modules, including a propeptide region, a metalloproteinase domain, a disintegrin-like domain, and a thrombospondin type 1 (TS) motif. Individual members of this family differ in the number of C-terminal TS motifs, and some have unique C-terminal domains. The enzyme encoded by this gene contains two C-terminal TS motifs and functions as aggrecanase to cleave aggrecan, a major proteoglycan of cartilage. ADAMTS5 may also have a role in the pathogenesis of human osteoarthritis. Animal studies Genetically modified mice in which the catalytic domain of ADAMTS5 was deleted are resistant to cartilage destruction in an experimental model of osteoarthritis. ADA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gene Therapy For Osteoarthritis
Gene therapy for osteoarthritis is the application of gene therapy to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Unlike pharmacological treatments which are administered locally or systemically as a series of interventions, gene therapy aims to establish sustained therapeutic effect after a single, local injection. The main risk factors for osteoarthritis are age and body mass index, as such, OA is predominantly considered a disease of aging. As the body ages, catabolic factors begin to predominate over anabolic factors resulting in a reduction of extracellular matrix gene expression and reduced cellularity in articular cartilage. Catabolism eventually predominates over anabolism to such an extent that severe cartilage erosions and bone marrow lesions / remodeling manifest in clinical osteoarthritis. Joint inflammation is also a key mechanism in OA, and a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-1, have been implicated in pathophysiology, human genetics, and animal models of disease. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GIBH
Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), () affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a government-sponsored scientific research institution with independent legal jurisdiction. GIBH was established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Government and Guangzhou Municipal Government. The managerial mechanism of GIBH is the responsibility of Director-General, under the authority of the board of trustees. On July 5, 2003, an agreement of 3-party joint cooperation was signed by Lu Yongxiang (Director-General of Chinese Academy of Sciences), Huang Huahua Huang Huahua (born October 1946 in Xingning, Guangdong) is a retired Chinese politician, and the Governor of Guangdong between 2003 and 2011. Of Hakka heritage, he was once the mayor of Meizhou. Biography Huang was born in Xingning County, ... (Provincial Governor of Guangdong Province) and Zhang Guangning (Mayor of Guangzhou City). Establishment of GIBH was officially initiated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merck Group
The Merck Group, branded and commonly known as Merck, is a German Multinational corporation, multinational science and technology company headquartered in Darmstadt, with about 60,000 employees and a presence in 66 countries. The group includes around 250 companies; the main company is Merck KGaA in Germany. The company is divided into three business lines: Healthcare, Life Sciences and Electronics. Merck was founded in 1668 and is the world's oldest operating chemical and pharmaceutical company, as well as one of the largest pharmaceutical companies globally. Merck operates in Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas. It has major research and development centres in Darmstadt, Boston, Tokyo and Beijing, as well as other Research and Development units in Taiwan, France, Israel, South Korea, India, and the UK. Merck pioneered the commercial manufacture of morphine in the 19th century and for a time held a virtual monopoly on cocaine. Merck was privately owned until going ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Tokyo
The University of Tokyo (, abbreviated as in Japanese and UTokyo in English) is a public research university in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Founded in 1877 as the nation's first modern university by the merger of several pre-westernisation era institutions, its direct precursors include the '' Tenmongata'', founded in 1684, and the Shōheizaka Institute. Although established under its current name, the university was renamed in 1886 and was further retitled to distinguish it from other Imperial Universities established later. It served under this name until the official dissolution of the Empire of Japan in 1947, when it reverted to its original name. Today, the university consists of 10 faculties, 15 graduate schools, and 11 affiliated research institutes. As of 2023, it has a total of 13,974 undergraduate students and 14,258 graduate students. The majority of the university's educational and research facilities are concentrated within its three main Tokyo campuses: Hongō, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornell University
Cornell University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university based in Ithaca, New York, United States. The university was co-founded by American philanthropist Ezra Cornell and historian and educator Andrew Dickson White in 1865. Since its founding, Cornell University has been a Mixed-sex education, co-educational and nonsectarian institution. As of fall 2024, the student body included 16,128 undergraduate and 10,665 graduate students from all 50 U.S. states and 130 countries. The university is organized into eight Undergraduate education, undergraduate colleges and seven Postgraduate education, graduate divisions on its main Ithaca campus. Each college and academic division has near autonomy in defining its respective admission standards and academic curriculum. In addition to its primary campus in Ithaca, Cornell University administers three satellite campuses, including two in New York City, the Weill Cornell Medicine, medical school and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitochondrion
A mitochondrion () is an organelle found in the cell (biology), cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double lipid bilayer, membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy. They were discovered by Albert von Kölliker in 1857 in the voluntary muscles of insects. The term ''mitochondrion'', meaning a thread-like granule, was coined by Carl Benda in 1898. The mitochondrion is popularly nicknamed the "powerhouse of the cell", a phrase popularized by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 ''Scientific American'' article of the same name. Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells). The multicellular animal ''Henneguya zschokkei, Henneguya salminicola'' is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles despite a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome. A large number ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alpha-2-Macroglobulin
α2-Macroglobulin (α2M) or alpha-2-macroglobulin is a large (720 KDa) plasma protein found in the blood. It is mainly produced by the liver, and also locally synthesized by macrophages, fibroblasts, and adrenocortical cells. In humans it is encoded by the ''A2M'' gene. α2-Macroglobulin acts as an antiprotease and is able to inactivate an enormous variety of proteinases. It functions as an inhibitor of fibrinolysis by inhibiting plasmin and kallikrein. It functions as an inhibitor of coagulation by inhibiting thrombin. α2-macroglobulin may act as a carrier protein because it also binds to numerous growth factors and cytokines, such as platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, TGF-β, insulin, and IL-1β. No specific deficiency with associated disease has been recognized, and no disease state is attributed to low concentrations of α2-macroglobulin. The concentration of α2-macroglobulin rises 10-fold or more in the nephrotic syndrome when other lower mol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium
Pentosan polysulfate, sold under the brand name Elmiron among others, is a medication used for interstitial cystitis. Evidence of benefit; however, is mixed as of 2024. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. Medical uses Pentosan polysulfate sodium is indicated for the relief of bladder pain or discomfort associated with interstitial cystitis. Evidence of benefit; however, is mixed as of 2024 with some studies finding benefit and other not. Side effects People who have taken pentosan polysulfate by mouth report a variety of side effects, primarily gastrointestinal complaints such as diarrhea, heartburn, and stomach pain. Alopecia, Hair loss, headache, rash, and insomnia have also been reported. Due to anticoagulant effects, some report bruising more easily. In some cases, people are asked to stop taking the medication before major surgery to reduce the likelihood of bleeding. Maculopathy Pentosan polysulfate maculopathy (PPSM) is a slowly worsening ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MiMedx
MiMedx is an American biomedical company based in Marietta, Georgia, founded in 2008. Using tissues from birth such as the placenta, amniotic sac, and umbilical cord, MiMedx creates skin for skin grafts for medical use. During 2016-2019, the company went through a period of financial difficulty after allegations of mismanagement which resulted in Petit being terminated in 2018. With the arrival of Wright as CEO in May 2019, the company worked with auditors and regulators to resolve legal and financial issues created by the previous management (see ‘History’). Wright also began a cultural and financial turnaround, assembling a new senior management team by August 2019 to instill “transparency, truthfulness, and timeliness” in communications and business dealings. By August 2020, MiMedx had raised $150 million in concurrent private equity and debt financings; completed a required financial restatement; and filed its 2019 annual report and 2020 first-quarter report. MiMedx ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; RCT) is a form of scientific experiment used to control factors not under direct experimental control. Examples of RCTs are clinical trials that compare the effects of drugs, surgical techniques, medical devices, diagnostic procedures, diets or other medical treatments. Participants who enroll in RCTs differ from one another in known and unknown ways that can influence study outcomes, and yet cannot be directly controlled. By randomly allocating participants among compared treatments, an RCT enables ''statistical control'' over these influences. Provided it is designed well, conducted properly, and enrolls enough participants, an RCT may achieve sufficient control over these confounding factors to deliver a useful comparison of the treatments studied. Definition and examples An RCT in clinical research typically compares a proposed new treatment against an existing standard of care; these are then termed the 'expe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
