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Diphenylacetic Acid
Diphenylacetic acid is an organic chemical with applications in drug synthesis. Applications #AB06-117 (cmp #23) # Adiphenine # Arpenal # Asimadoline #2,2-DEP 6794-51-1# Desmethylmoramide # 57-51-7Herbicide # Dioxaphetyl butyrate # Fluperamide #Loperamide # PD-85639 # Moramide # Pifenate # TropacineBIBO-3304 91868-13-0# BIBP-3226PC4225440 Synthesis *From hydroiodic acid Hydroiodic acid (or hydriodic acid) is a colorless liquid. It is an aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide with the chemical formula . It is a strong acid, in which hydrogen iodide is ionized completely in an aqueous solution. Concentrated aqueous ... reduction of benzoin. *Alternative procedure: *From chloral and benzene: *From glyoxylic acid and benzene: See also * Diphenylacetonitrile References Acids Organic compound stubs {{Organic-chem-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adiphenine
Adiphenine is an inhibitor of nicotinic receptors. Pharmacology and Biochemistry See also *Dicycloverine Dicycloverine, also known as dicyclomine, sold under the brand name Bentyl among others, is a medication that is used to treat spasms of the intestines such as those that occur in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It is taken by mouth or by injec ... References {{pharma-stub Carboxylate esters Diethylamino compounds Benzhydryl compounds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moramide
Racemoramide (INN, BAN), or simply moramide, is an opioid analgesic and a racemic mixture of the substances dextromoramide (the active component) and levomoramide (which is inactive), two enantiomer In chemistry, an enantiomer (Help:IPA/English, /ɪˈnænti.əmər, ɛ-, -oʊ-/ Help:Pronunciation respelling key, ''ih-NAN-tee-ə-mər''), also known as an optical isomer, antipode, or optical antipode, is one of a pair of molecular entities whi ...s of a chiral molecule. Racemoramide is itself controlled; in the United States it is under Schedule I as a Narcotic with an ACSCN of 9645 and a zero annual aggregate manufacturing quota as of 2014. Its salts are the bitartrate (free base conversion ratio 0.723) and dihydrochloride (0.843) Moramide intermediate is listed separately as a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance (ACSCN 9802), also with a zero quota. References 4-Morpholinyl compounds Opioids Propionamides 1-Pyrrolidinyl compounds {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diphenylacetonitrile
Diphenylacetonitrile is an organic chemical with a wide variety of uses in the pharmaceutical industry. Synthesis In Hoch’s original procedure, phenylacetonitrile is brominated to give bromobenzyl cyanide, and reaction of this with benzene in the presence of aluminium trichloride gives diphenylacetonitrile. Applications *Opioid analgesics: Bezitramide, Dipipanone, Dipyanone, Isomethadol, LAAM, Methadone, Noracymethadol, Normethadone, Norpipanone, Piritramide, R-4066, R 4837 9708-47-3 R 5260 109-69-9(25ii): *Antispasmodics: Aminopentamide, Buzepide, Fenpiverinium, Fenpipramide *Psychostimulants: 2-Benzhydrylpiperazine 8217-87-0 Desoxypipradrol **Urinary incontinence: Darifenacin, Imidafenacin *Anti-diarrhoeals: Difenoxin, Diphenoxylate, Nufenoxole *Choleretic and spasmolytic agent: Diisopromine *Analeptic (respiratory stimulant): Doxapram *Antiarrhythmic: Isopropanamide *Antidepressant: McN-4187 *Cytochromes P450 inhibitor: Proadifen References {{reflist Ben ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzoin (organic Compound)
Benzoin ( or ) is an organic compound with the formula PhCH(OH)C(O)Ph. It is a hydroxy ketone attached to two phenyl groups. It appears as off-white crystals, with a light camphor-like odor. Benzoin is synthesized from benzaldehyde in the benzoin condensation. It is chiral and it exists as a pair of enantiomers: (''R'')-benzoin and (''S'')-benzoin. Benzoin is ''not'' a constituent of benzoin resin obtained from the benzoin tree ''(Styrax)'' or tincture of benzoin. The main component in these natural products is benzoic acid. History Benzoin was first reported in 1832 by Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Woehler during their research on oil of bitter almond, which is benzaldehyde with traces of hydrocyanic acid. The catalytic synthesis by the benzoin condensation was improved by Nikolay Zinin during his time with Liebig. Uses The main use of benzoin is as a precursor to benzil, which is used as a photoinitiator.Hardo Siegel, Manfred Eggersdorfer "Ketones" in Ullmann's Encyclo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydroiodic Acid
Hydroiodic acid (or hydriodic acid) is a colorless liquid. It is an aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide with the chemical formula . It is a strong acid, in which hydrogen iodide is ionized completely in an aqueous solution. Concentrated aqueous solutions of hydrogen iodide are usually 48% to 57% HI by mass. Preparation Reactions Hydroiodic acid reacts with oxygen in air to give iodine: : Like hydrogen halides, hydroiodic acid adds to alkenes to give alkyl iodides. It can also be used as a reducing agent, for example in the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to anilines. Cativa process The Cativa process is a major end use of hydroiodic acid, which serves as a co-catalyst for the production of acetic acid by the carbonylation of methanol. Illicit uses Hydroiodic acid is listed as a U.S. Federal DEA List I Chemical, owing to its use as a reducing agent related to the production of methamphetamine from ephedrine or pseudoephedrine Pseudoephedrine, sold under the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BIBP-3226
BIBP-3226 is a drug used in scientific research which acts as a potent and selective antagonist for both the Neuropeptide Y receptor Y1 and also the neuropeptide FF receptor. It was the first non-peptide antagonist developed for the Y1 receptor and has been widely used to help determine its functions in the body. Activation of Y1 is thought to be involved in functions such as regulation of appetite and anxiety, and BIBP-3226 has anxiogenic and anorectic effects, as well as blocking the Y1-mediated corticotropin releasing hormone release. It has also been used as a lead compound A lead compound (, i.e. a "leading" compound, not to be confused with various compounds of the metallic element lead) in drug discovery is a chemical compound that has pharmacological or biological activity likely to be therapeutically useful, but ... to develop a number of newer more potent Y1 antagonists. References Neuropeptide Y antagonists {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loperamide
Loperamide, sold under the brand name Imodium, among others,Drugs.co Page accessed 4 September 2015 is a medication of the opioid receptor agonist class used to decrease the frequency of diarrhea. It is often used for this purpose in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, short bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. It is not recommended for those with blood in the stool, mucus in the stool, or fevers. The medication is taken by mouth. Common side effects include abdominal pain, constipation, sleepiness, vomiting, and dry mouth. It may increase the risk of toxic megacolon. Loperamide's safety in pregnancy is unclear, but no evidence of harm has been found. It appears to be safe in breastfeeding. It is an opioid with no significant absorption from the gut and does not cross the blood–brain barrier when used at normal doses. It works by slowing the contractions of the intestines. Loperamide was first made in 1969 and used medically in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluperamide
Fluperamide is a synthetic opioid structurally related to loperamide, developed as a potent antidiarrheal agent. Like loperamide, it acts primarily as a peripherally selective μ-opioid receptor agonist, effectively reducing gastrointestinal motility and fluid secretion without significant central nervous system effects due to limited blood-brain barrier penetration. Fluperamide’s pharmacological profile was designed to maximize antidiarrheal efficacy while minimizing the risk of opioid-related side effects and abuse potential, a strategy that has contributed to the development of related compounds in the phenylpiperidine class. Although fluperamide demonstrated strong antidiarrheal activity in preclinical and early clinical studies, it was ultimately not commercialized, with loperamide becoming the preferred agent in this therapeutic category due to its favorable safety and efficacy. See also *Penfluridol * Clofuperol *Loperamide Loperamide, sold under the brand name Im ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
