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Damselfish
Damselfish are those within the subfamilies Abudefdufinae, Chrominae, Lepidozyginae, Pomacentrinae, and Stegastenae within the family Pomacentridae. Most species within this group are relatively small, with the largest species being about 30cm (12 in) in length. Most damselfish species exist only in marine environments, but a few inhabit brackish or fresh water. These fish are found globally in tropical, subtropical, and temperate waters. Habitat in tropical rocky or coral reefs, and many of those are kept as marine aquarium pets. Their diets include small crustaceans, plankton, and algae. However, a few live in fresh and brackish waters, such as the freshwater damselfish, or in warm subtropical climates, such as the large orange Garibaldi, which inhabits the coast of southern California and the Pacific Mexican coast. Foraging The domino damselfish '' D. albisella'' spends the majority (greater than 85%) of its daytime hours foraging. Larger individuals typically for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomacentridae
Pomacentridae is a family of ray-finned fish, comprising the damselfishes and clownfishes. This family were formerly placed in the order Perciformes but are now regarded as being ''incertae sedis'' in the subseries Ovalentaria in the clade Percomorpha. They are primarily marine, while a few species inhabit freshwater and brackish environments (e.g., '' Neopomacentrus aquadulcis'', '' N. taeniurus'', ''Pomacentrus taeniometopon'', '' Stegastes otophorus''). They are noted for their hardy constitutions and territoriality. Many are brightly colored, so they are popular in aquaria. Around 385 species are classified in this family, in about 31 genera. Of these, members of two genera, ''Amphiprion'' and ''Premnas'', are commonly called clownfish or anemonefish, while members of other genera (e.g., '' Pomacentrus'') are commonly called damselfish. The members of this family are classified in four subfamilies: Amphiprioninae, Chrominae, Lepidozyginae, and Pomacentrinae. Ety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cocoa Damselfish
''Stegastes variabilis'' (cocoa damselfish) is a damselfish in the family Pomacentridae, found on coral and rocky reefs in the Caribbean Sea and neighboring areas of the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. They are often solitary fish. Description The cocoa damselfish is an oval, laterally compressed fish and grows to about long. The top of the head and the snout bear several blue stripes. The top half of the body is generally dark blue or brown and the bottom half is yellow. The sides are finely barred with vertical dark lines. There are two small black spots, one above the pectoral fins and the other on the top of the caudal peduncle. The large dorsal fin has 12 spines and 14 to 17 soft rays. The anal fin has two spines and 12 to 15 soft rays. The caudal fin is shallowly forked and has rounded lobes. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garibaldi (fish)
The Garibaldi, known historically also as the Catalina goldfish and marine goldfish and now commonly as the Garibaldi damselfish (''Hypsypops rubicundus'') is a species of bright orange fish in the damselfish family. It occurs in the subtropical northeastern part of the Pacific Ocean. The English name, Garibaldi, is based on an Italian surname and is a reference to the Italian general and political figure Giuseppe Garibaldi, whose followers often wore a characteristic scarlet or red shirt. As is the case in all damselfish, male Garibaldis aggressively defend the nest site after the female lays eggs. Description Adult fish in this species are orange in color. It is the largest member of the damselfish family and can grow up to in length. Juveniles are more reddish, and have many small iridescent blue spots, which they lose as they become adult. Adult Garibaldis also have a more opaque tail and dorsal fin. The Garibaldi is the official marine state fish of California and is prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomacentrinae
Pomacentrinae is one of four subfamilies in the family Pomacentridae which includes the clownfishes and the damselfishes. It is the most diverse of the subfamilies in the Pomacentridae with around 21 genera and approximately 200 species. Characteristics The species within the Pomacentrinae have orb-like to moderately elongated bodies and they do not have spiny caudal rays projecting out of the caudal peduncle. The majority of species display territoriality and they defend of feeding territory from members of their own species and other species which compete with them for food. They feed on algae, which they appear to cultivate, actively increasing the algal productivity within their territories. Many species lay demersal eggs, which are guarded and fanned by the male. One species, the freshwater demoiselle '' Neopomacentrus taeniurus'' is known to enter estuaries and even reaches into the lowest stretches of streams. Classification The 5th Edition of ''Fishes of the World'' state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neon Damselfish
''Pomacentrus coelestis'', the neon damselfish, is a species of damselfish in the family Pomacentridae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific. It can grow to a maximum size of in length. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. Distribution and habitat This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific. In the Indian Ocean, they are found in Sri Lanka, the Andaman Sea, Indonesia, and Australia. In the Pacific Ocean, they are found in Indonesia, Australia, the Philippines, Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan, and Pacific islands all the way to Hawaii. They are found in depths of . Adults are found in coral reefs and lagoons. Description Adults can grow to a maximum size of . They have 13 dorsal spines, 13 to 15 dorsal soft rays, 2 anal spines, and 14 to 15 anal soft rays. This fish is blue. Ecology Diet This fish feeds on zooplankton and benthic algae. Behavior Juveniles school above soft coral Corals are marine invertebrates within the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coral Reef
A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups. Coral belongs to the class Anthozoa in the animal phylum Cnidaria, which includes sea anemones and jellyfish. Unlike sea anemones, corals secrete hard carbonate exoskeletons that support and protect the coral. Most reefs grow best in warm, shallow, clear, sunny and agitated water. Coral reefs first appeared 485 million years ago, at the dawn of the Early Ordovician, displacing the microbial and sponge reefs of the Cambrian. Sometimes called ''rainforests of the sea'', shallow coral reefs form some of Earth's most diverse ecosystems. They occupy less than 0.1% of the world's ocean area, about half the area of France, yet they provide a home for at least 25% of all marine species, including fish, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, echinode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Aquarium
A marine aquarium is an aquarium that keeps marine plants and animals in a contained environment. Marine aquaria are further subdivided by hobbyists into fish only (FO), fish only with live rock (FOWLR), and reef aquaria. Fish only tanks often showcase large or aggressive marine fish species and generally rely on mechanical and chemical filtration. FOWLR and reef tanks use live rock, a material composed of coral skeletons harboring beneficial nitrogen waste metabolizing bacteria, as a means of more natural biological filtration. Marine fishkeeping is different from its freshwater counterpart because of the fundamental differences in the constitution of saltwater and the resulting differences in the adaptation of its inhabitants. A stable marine aquarium requires more equipment than freshwater systems, and generally requires more stringent water quality monitoring. The inhabitants of a marine aquarium are often difficult to acquire and are usually more expensive than freshwate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrominae
Chrominae is a subfamily of the family Pomacentridae, which consists of the damselfishes and the clownfishes. Genera The following genera are classified in the subfamily Chrominae: * ''Azurina'' D.S. Jordan & McGregor, 1898 * '' Chromis'' Cuvier, 1814 * '' Dascyllus'' Cuvier, 1829 * '' Pycnochromis'' Fowler, 1941 The genus ''Pycnochromis'', which is not mentioned in the 5th edition of ''Fishes of the World'', has been regarded as a junior synonym of ''Chromis'' but is now recognised as a valid genus by some authorities. In addition, the genera ''Acanthochromis The spiny chromis (''Acanthochromis polyacanthus'') is a species of damselfish from the western Pacific. It is the only member of the genus ''Acanthochromis''. Taxonomy The spiny chromis was first formally described in 1855 as ''Dascyllus poly ...'' and '' Altrichthys'' which the 5th edition of Fishes of the World included in this subfamily have been reclassified as belonging to the Pomacentrinae. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dascyllus Albisella
''Dascyllus albisella'' commonly known as the Hawaiian dascyllus, Hawaiian domino, Domino damselfish, or white-spotted damsel is a marine fish found in the Eastern Central Pacific. Description Length up to 12.5 cm, dark gray to black, but centers of scales on body are whitish. Habitat Associated with coral reefs, most usually in shallow, protected waters. swim in shallow water surface to 20 feet below in small openings. Distribution The species is found around the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston Island. Behavior ''Dascyllus albisella'' are a relatively passive species that spends most of their time foraging Foraging is searching for wild food resources. It affects an animal's fitness because it plays an important role in an animal's ability to survive and reproduce. Foraging theory is a branch of behavioral ecology that studies the foraging behavi .... Normally, males are the more aggressive of the two genders as they are the ones that usually exhibit parental care. Wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freshwater Damselfish
''Neopomacentrus taeniurus'' (freshwater demoiselle) is a brackish and freshwater species of damselfish found in the western and central Indo-Pacific The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth. In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the .... References Pomacentridae Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker Fish described in 1856 {{Pomacentridae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Column
A water column is a conceptual column of water from the surface of a sea, river or lake to the bottom sediment.Munson, B.H., Axler, R., Hagley C., Host G., Merrick G., Richards C. (2004).Glossary. ''Water on the Web''. University of Minnesota-Duluth. Retrieved 27 May 2014. Descriptively, the deep sea water column is divided into five parts—''pelagic zones'' (from Greek πέλαγος (pélagos), 'open sea')—from the surface to below the floor, as follows: '' epipelagic'', from the surface to 200 meters below the surface; '' mesopelagic'', from 200 to 1000 meters below the surface; ''bathypelagic'', from 1000 to 4000 meters below the surface; '' abyssopelagic'', from 4000 meters below the surface to the level sea floor; '' hadopelagic'', depressions and crevices below the level sea floor. The concept of water column is useful since many aquatic phenomena are explained by the incomplete vertical mixing of waters with discrete chemical, physical or biological characteristics. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foraging
Foraging is searching for wild food resources. It affects an animal's fitness because it plays an important role in an animal's ability to survive and reproduce. Foraging theory is a branch of behavioral ecology that studies the foraging behavior of animals in response to the environment where the animal lives. Behavioral ecologists use economic models and categories to understand foraging; many of these models are a type of optimal model. Thus foraging theory is discussed in terms of optimizing a payoff from a foraging decision. The payoff for many of these models is the amount of energy an animal receives per unit time, more specifically, the highest ratio of energetic gain to cost while foraging. Foraging theory predicts that the decisions that maximize energy per unit time and thus deliver the highest payoff will be selected for and persist. Key words used to describe foraging behavior include ''resources'', the elements necessary for survival and reproduction which have a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
