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Ctenosauriscid
Ctenosauriscidae is an extinct family of pseudosuchian archosaurs within the clade Poposauroidea. Ctenosauriscids existed in Africa, Asia, Europe and North America during the Early Triassic to the Middle Triassic period (latest Olenekian to Anisian stages). All species had large "sails" on their backs. Ctenosauriscids are among some of the earliest archosaurs and represent the first global radiation of the group. Genera Phylogeny Ctenosauriscidae was named by Oskar Kuhn in 1964 to include the genus '' Ctenosauriscus''. It is a stem-based taxon defined by Richard J. Butler, Stephen L. Brusatte, Mike Reich, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Rainer R. Schoch and Jahn J. Hornung in 2011 as "the most inclusive clade containing ''Ctenosauriscus koeneni'' but not '' Poposaurus gracilis'', ''Effigia okeeffeae'', ''Postosuchus kirkpatricki'', ''Crocodylus niloticus'', ''Ornithosuchus longidens'', or ''Aetosaurus ferratus''". The cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poposauroidea
Poposauroidea is a clade of advanced pseudosuchians (archosaurs closer to crocodilians than to dinosaurs). It includes poposaurids, shuvosaurids, ctenosauriscids, and other unusual pseudosuchians such as ''Qianosuchus'' and '' Lotosaurus''. However, it excludes most large predatory quadrupedal " rauisuchians" such as rauisuchids and " prestosuchids". Those reptiles are now allied with crocodylomorphs (crocodile ancestors) in a clade known as Loricata, which is the sister taxon to the poposauroids in the clade Paracrocodylomorpha. Although it was first formally defined in 2007, the name "Poposauroidea" has been used for many years. The group has been referred to as Poposauridae by some authors, although this name is often used more narrowly to refer to the family that includes ''Poposaurus'' and its close relatives. Poposauroids went extinct at the end of the Triassic period along with other non-crocodylomorph pseudosuchians. However, they were among the most diverse and lon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypselorhachis
''Hypselorhachis'' is a genus of extinct reptile, possibly a ctenosauriscid archosaur related to '' Ctenosauriscus''. It lived during the Triassic Period. It is currently known only from a single vertebra found from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds in Tanzania. The vertebra is preserved in reasonably good condition, as although the tall neural spine is chipped in several places it is not broken despite being quite slender, only around 20 mm thick transversely. The type species is ''H. mirabilis'', mentioned but never fully described by English paleontologist Alan J. Charig. ''Hypselorhachis'' was assigned to the Ctenosauriscidae, a group of sail-backed archosaurs, in 1988.Carroll, R.L. (1988). ''Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution''. W.H. Freeman and Company It was formally described by Richard J. Butler and co-workers in 2009. The name means 'wonderful high spine', from the Latin 'mirabilis' 'wonderful' and the Greek 'ὑπσελος', 'high' and 'ῥαχις' 'spine' or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenosauriscus BW
''Ctenosauriscus'' is an extinct genus of sail-backed poposauroid archosaur from Early Triassic deposits of Lower Saxony in northern Germany. It gives its name to the family Ctenosauriscidae, which includes other sail-backed poposauroids such as '' Arizonasaurus''. Fossils have been found in latest Olenekian deposits around 247.5-247.2 million years old, making it one of the first known archosaurs. History of discovery ''Ctenosauriscus'' is known from the holotype, GZG.V.4191, a single partial preserved postcranial skeleton including partial vertebral column, ribs and girdle. The holotype is composed of four slabs, which were labeled A1, A2, B1, and B2 in a 2011 study. Slabs A1 and B1 form the part and slabs A2 and B2 form the counterpart. The holotype was discovered in early 1871 in the Bremke dell locality, near the county of Göttingen. The holotype was found in a deposit called the Solling-Bausandstein, which is an outcropping of the upper Middle Buntsandstein in the region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arizonasaurus
''Arizonasaurus'' was a ctenosauriscid archosaur from the Middle Triassic (243 million years ago). ''Arizonasaurus'' is found in the Middle Triassic Moenkopi Formation of northern Arizona. A fairly complete skeleton was found in 2002 by Sterling Nesbitt. The taxon has a large sailback formed by elongated neural spines of the vertebrae. The type species, ''Arizonasaurus babbitti'', was named by Samuel Paul Welles in 1947. Discovery and naming The type species, ''Arizonasaurus babbitti'', was named by Samuel Paul Welles in 1947 on the basis of a few teeth and a maxilla, labelled as specimen UCMP 36232. A fairly complete skeleton was found in 2002 by Sterling Nesbitt. Description ''Arizonasaurus'' had a sail made of tall neural spines. This sail was similar to those of other basal archosaurs, such as other ctenosauriscids like '' Ctenosauriscus'', '' Lotosaurus'', '' Bromsgroveia'', and '' Hypselorhachis''. ''Arizonasaurus'' is described from two braincase specimens. Some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenosauriscus
''Ctenosauriscus'' is an extinct genus of sail-backed poposauroid archosaur from Early Triassic deposits of Lower Saxony in northern Germany. It gives its name to the family Ctenosauriscidae, which includes other sail-backed poposauroids such as ''Arizonasaurus''. Fossils have been found in latest Olenekian deposits around 247.5-247.2 million years old, making it one of the first known archosaurs. History of discovery ''Ctenosauriscus'' is known from the holotype, GZG.V.4191, a single partial preserved postcranial skeleton including partial vertebral column, ribs and girdle. The holotype is composed of four slabs, which were labeled A1, A2, B1, and B2 in a 2011 study. Slabs A1 and B1 form the part and slabs A2 and B2 form the counterpart. The holotype was discovered in early 1871 in the Bremke dell locality, near the county of Göttingen. The holotype was found in a deposit called the Solling-Bausandstein, which is an outcropping of the upper Middle Buntsandstein in the region o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arizonasaurus BW
''Arizonasaurus'' was a ctenosauriscid archosaur from the Middle Triassic (243 million years ago). ''Arizonasaurus'' is found in the Middle Triassic Moenkopi Formation of northern Arizona. A fairly complete skeleton was found in 2002 by Sterling Nesbitt. The taxon has a large sailback formed by elongated neural spines of the vertebrae. The type species, ''Arizonasaurus babbitti'', was named by Samuel Paul Welles in 1947. Discovery and naming The type species, ''Arizonasaurus babbitti'', was named by Samuel Paul Welles in 1947 on the basis of a few teeth and a maxilla, labelled as specimen UCMP 36232. A fairly complete skeleton was found in 2002 by Sterling Nesbitt. Description ''Arizonasaurus'' had a sail made of tall neural spines. This sail was similar to those of other basal archosaurs, such as other ctenosauriscids like '' Ctenosauriscus'', '' Lotosaurus'', '' Bromsgroveia'', and '' Hypselorhachis''. ''Arizonasaurus'' is described from two braincase specimens. So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromsgroveia
''Bromsgroveia'' is an extinct genus of predatory ctenosauriscid archosaur from the Middle Triassic Bromsgrove Sandstone of England. Ctenosauriscids were a group of rauisuchians that was related to the ancestors of modern crocodiles and alligators. Classification ''Bromsgroveia'' was closely related to ''Ctenosauriscus'', and together with a few other genera they make up Ctenosauriscidae. The ctenosauriscids were closely related to the poposaurids, as shown by a few shared derived characteristics. The pelvic girdle in ''Bromsgroveia'' unites this taxon with ''Ctenosauriscus'', ''Lotosaurus'', ''Arizonasaurus'', and ''Hypselorhachus''. Below is a phylogenetic cladogram simplified from Butler ''et al.'' in 2011 showing the cladistics of Archosauriformes, focusing mostly on Pseudosuchia Pseudosuchia is one of two major divisions of Archosauria, including living crocodilians and all archosaurs more closely related to crocodilians than to birds. Pseudosuchians are also informall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bystrowisuchus
''Bystrowisuchus'' is an extinct genus of ctenosauriscid pseudosuchian archosaur from the Early Triassic of European Russia. Fossils have been found in the Olenekian-age Lipovskaya Formation in Ilovlinsky District. The type species is ''Bystrowisuchus flerovi''. Description ''Bystrowisuchus flerovi'' is based on a holotype specimen including six cervical or neck vertebrae and a partial right ilium or hip bone. Its total body length is estimated at . Discovery The holotype specimen of ''Bystrowisuchus'' was found near the eastern banks of the Don River in Ilovlinsky District, Volgograd Oblast. It came from a fossil site known as the Donskaya Luka locality, which preserves a wide diversity of Early Triassic tetrapod fossils. Along with ''Bystrowisuchus'', the Donskaya Luka fossil assemblage includes temnospondyl amphibians, a chroniosuchian, a procolophonid, a sauropterygian, a protorosaurian, possible trilophosaurid archosauromorphs, two rauisuchid archosaurs, and a dicynodont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsylmosuchus
''Tsylmosuchus'' is an extinct genus of potentially dubious ctenosauriscid archosauriform reptile known from Western Russia. Fossils referred to ''Tsylmosuchus'' occurred over a wide area in sediments corresponding to the Induan and Olenekian stages of the Early Triassic. Most of these fossils are fragmentary neck vertebrae which were originally reported as sharing similarities with crocodile-line archosaurs (pseudosuchians) such as ''Mandasuchus''. As a result, ''Tsylmosuchus'' was first described as part of the family Rauisuchidae, making it supposedly one of the oldest known archosaurs. However, its fragmentary remains do not show any of the distinguishing features of rauisuchids or even pseudosuchians in general, so ''Tsylmosuchus'' has more recently been interpreted as an indeterminate archosauriform. Although three species of ''Tsylmosuchus'' have been named, they lack diagnostic traits and are probably not distinct from each other. Discovery The genus is named after the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xilousuchus
''Xilousuchus'' is an extinct genus of poposauroid from lower Triassic (Olenekian stage) deposits of Fugu County of northeastern Shanxi Province, China. It is known from the holotype, IVPP V 6026, a single well-preserved partial skeleton including the skull. It was found from the Heshanggou Formation of the Ordos Basin, Hazhen commune. It was first named by Xiao-Chun Wu in 1981 and the type species is ''Xilousuchus sapingensis''. Wu (1981) referred ''Xilousuchus'' to the Proterosuchia. Gower and Sennikov (1996) found it to be an erythrosuchian based strictly on the braincase. A more detailed re-description of the genus was provided by Nesbitt ''et al.'' (2010) and found poposauroid affinities. In his massive revision of archosaurs which included a large cladistic analysis, Sterling J. Nesbitt (2011) found ''Xilousuchus'' to be a poposauroid which is most closely related to '' Arizonasaurus''. ''Xilousuchus'' is the oldest archosaur to date, although '' Ctenosauriscus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Röt Formation
The Röt Formation or Rötton Formation (German for Röt Shale), or Upper Buntsandstein, is a geologic formation of the Buntsandstein in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Middle Triassic Epoch (Anisian or Aegean or Bithynian in the regional stratigraphy).Röt Formation at .org The formation overlies the Plattenstein and Solling Formations and is overlain by the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
