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Criollismo
''Criollismo'' () is a literary movement that was active from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century throughout Hispanic America. It is considered the Hispanic counterpart to American literary regionalism. Using a realist style to portray the scenes, language, customs and manners of the country the writer was from, especially the lower and peasant classes, ''criollismo'' led to an original literature based on the continent's natural elements, mostly epic and foundational. It was strongly influenced by the wars of independence from Spain and also denotes how each country in its own way defines ''criollo''. History According to the German philologist Ulrich Leo, literary criollismo arose in Venezuela at the end of the 19th century, although it will have to wait several decades to find general acceptance in Latin America. Luis Manuel Urbaneja Achelpohl was the first to use and define the term to refer to his own literature in an 1895 essay entitled "On Natio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilean Literature
Chilean literature refers to all written or literary work produced in Chile or by Chilean writers. The literature of Chile is usually written in Spanish. Chile has a rich literary tradition and has been home to two Nobel prize winners, the poets Gabriela Mistral and Pablo Neruda. It has also seen three winners of the Miguel de Cervantes Prize, considered one of the most important Spanish language literature prizes: the novelist, journalist and diplomat Jorge Edwards (1998), and the poets Gonzalo Rojas (2003) and Nicanor Parra (2011). Chilean literature during conquest and colonial times As the native cultures of the territories known today as Chile had no written tradition, (please see Mapudungun alphabet), Chilean literature was born during the Spanish conquest of the 1500s. The conquistador Pedro de Valdivia wrote letters to the king, Charles V (Carlos Primero de España), and in one of these letters, of 1554, he admiringly describes the natural beauty and landscape of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Criollo People
In Hispanic America, criollo () is a term used originally to describe people of full Spaniards, Spanish descent born in the Viceroyalty, viceroyalties. In different Latin American countries, the word has come to have different meanings, mostly referring to the local-born majority. Historically, they have been misportrayed as a social class in the hierarchy of the Spanish colonization of the Americas, overseas colonies established by Spain beginning in the 16th century, especially in Hispanic America. They were locally born people — almost always of Spaniards, Spanish ancestry, but also sometimes of other Ethnic groups in Europe, European ethnic backgrounds. Their identity was strengthened as a result of the Bourbon reforms of 1700, which changed the Spanish Empire's policies toward its colonies and led to tensions between ''criollos'' and ''peninsulares''. The growth of local ''criollo'' political and economic strength in the separate colonies, coupled with their global geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doña Bárbara
''Doña Bárbara (Lady Bárbara)'' is a novel by Venezuelan author Rómulo Gallegos, first published in 1929. It was described in 1974 as "possibly the most widely known Latin American novel".Shaw, Donald, "Gallegos' Revision of Doña Bárbara 1929-30, ''Hispanic Review'' 42(3), Summer 1974, p265 This regionalist novel deals with the confrontation between civilization and the barbaric aspects of the rural environment and its inhabitants. It is written in the third person and mixes vernacular language and regionalisms with literary narrative, making the main conflict more obvious and at the same time more tangible. This novel is considered a masterpiece of Venezuelan literature and a classic in Latin American literature. It establishes a psychological study of the people of the Venezuelan plains: victims of unfortunate situations, but at the same time strong and courageous. Publication Gallegos took his first trip into the Llanos of Apure, central Venezuela at Easter 1927, in o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baldomero Lillo
Baldomero Lillo (6 January 1867, in Lota, Chile – 10 September 1923, in San Bernardo, ChileChang-Rodriguez, Raquel, and Malva E. Filer. Voces de Hispanoamerica. 3rd ed. Boston: Thomson Heinle, 2004.) was a Chilean Naturalist author, whose works had social protest as their main theme. Biography Lillo's father traveled to California to participate in the 1848 Gold Rush, but returned with no fortune. He did learn much about mining, and he moved to southern Chile, Lota, to work the coal mines. Baldomero Lillo grew up in these mining communities and worked the mines himself. He was exposed to the writings of the French author Émile Zola, who used the philosophy of Positivism Positivism is a philosophical school that holds that all genuine knowledge is either true by definition or positivemeaning '' a posteriori'' facts derived by reason and logic from sensory experience.John J. Macionis, Linda M. Gerber, ''Soci ... and the literary current of Naturalism to try to change t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Música Criolla
Música criolla, Peruvian Creole music or ''canción criolla'' is a varied genre of Peruvian music that exhibits influences from European music, European, African music, African and Andean music, Andean music. The genre's name reflects the coastal culture of Peru, and the local evolution of the term ''Criollo people, criollo'', a word originally denoting high-status people of full Spanish ancestry, into a more socially inclusive element of the nation. From the presence of waltzes of Viennese origin, mazurkas, with the influence of French and Italian music from Europe, Lima's popular culture was shaped through the transformation and decantation of genres, transforming the musical genres and imported aesthetic patterns in such a way that, even assuming the fashions corresponding to each era, some musical forms were developed and developed that reach the end of the 20th century and identify what is Peruvian. Each historical moment, from the colonial period until now, was shaped in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuelan Literature
Venezuelan literature is the literature written by Venezuelans or in Venezuela, ranging from Indigenous peoples in Venezuela, indigenous Pre-Columbian, pre-Hispanic myths to Oral literature, oral or written works in Spanish language, Spanish or other languages. The origins of Venezuelan written literature are usually held to date back to the documents written by the first Spanish colonizers, its date of birth being sometimes set at August 31, 1498, when Christopher Columbus called the Venezuelan territory in his ''Diaries'' "Tierra de gracia" ("Land of Grace"). History Colonial period Literature written in Venezuelan territory began to develop at the time of the Spanish colonization of the Americas, Conquest of America with the Chronicles of the Indies and later with the first autograph texts by colonial authors. Literary activity was constant throughout the colonial period, but due to the late introduction of the printing press in the region, few works have survived to the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Literature Of Latin America
Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially novels, plays, and poems. It includes both print and digital writing. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include oral literature, much of which has been transcribed.; see also Homer. Literature is a method of recording, preserving, and transmitting knowledge and entertainment. It can also have a social, psychological, spiritual, or political role. Literary criticism is one of the oldest academic disciplines, and is concerned with the literary merit or intellectual significance of specific texts. The study of books and other texts as artifacts or traditions is instead encompassed by textual criticism or the history of the book. "Literature", as an art form, is sometimes used synonymously with literary fiction, fiction written with the goal of artistic merit, but can also include works in various non-fiction genres, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costumbrismo
''Costumbrismo'' (in Catalan: ''costumisme''; sometimes anglicized as costumbrism, with the adjectival form costumbrist) is the literary or pictorial interpretation of local everyday life, mannerisms, and customs, primarily in the Hispanic scene, and particularly in the 19th century. ''Costumbrismo'' is related both to artistic realism and to Romanticism, sharing the Romantic interest in expression as against simple representation and the romantic ''and'' realist focus on precise representation of particular times and places, rather than of humanity in the abstract.Antonio Reina PalazónEl Costumbrismo en la Pintura Sevillana del Siglo XIX, Biblioteca Virtual Miguel Cervantes. Accessed online 2010-01-22. It is often satiric and even moralizing, but unlike mainstream realism does not usually offer or even imply any particular analysis of the society it depicts. When not satiric, its approach to quaint folkloric detail often has a romanticizing aspect. ''Costumbrismo'' can be f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Acevedo Hernández
Antonio Acevedo Hernández (8 March 1886 – 1 December 1962) was a Chilean writer. Hernández was a self-taught novelist, playwright and writer whose works include theater, novels, short stories, literary and journalistic chronicles, essays, poetry and popular Chilean folklore. He created over 840 works, including the plays ''Almas perdidas,'' ''El Vino triste,'' ''La Sangre'', and ''El Rancho''. He was awarded the Premio Nacional de Teatro in 1936. His work, along with that of authors like Germán Luco Cruchaga and Armando Moock, marked the beginnings of Chilean dramaturgy. Death His difficult years and arteriosclerosis caused him to gradually lose his mental faculties until his death. ''Sus funerales fueron grandiosos. Lo único grandioso que tuvo en su vida. Masas de gentes se apostaron en las calles y arrojaron flores al paso del féretro. Despidieron sus restos en el Campo Santo representantes de todas las condiciones políticas y ramas sociales, recibiendo así su cuerpo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federico Gana
Federico Gana (January 15, 1867 – April 22, 1926) was a Chilean writer and diplomat from Santiago, Chile. Biography Federico Gana was the eldest son of Federico Gana Munizaga Rosario Gana Castro, and distantly related to Albero Blest Gana, the preeminent Chilean novelist. He began his secondary education in the Linares Lyceum in 1878 spending his first year there, only to later move to complete his education at the National Institute. He obtained his law degree from the University of Chile in 1890 but practiced law only for a short period of time. He lived primarily in Santiago and San Bernardo. In October 1890, his first published work, the short story ''¡Pobre vieja!'', appeared in the weekly ''La Actualidad'', under the pseudonym ''Pedro Simple''. At the end of that year, Gana was named Second Secretary of the Chilean legation to London, a charge that ended with the fall of the Balmaceda government. Freed from his diplomatic work, he traveled to France, Belgium, and Hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Condor
Condor is the common name for two species of New World vultures, each in a monotypic genus. The name derives from the Quechua language, Quechua ''kuntur''. They are the largest flying land birds in the Western Hemisphere. One species, the Andean condor (''Vultur gryphus''), inhabits the Andean mountains. The other, the California condor (''Gymnogyps californianus''), is currently restricted to the Pacific Coast Ranges, western coastal mountains of the contiguous United States and Mexico, as well as the northern desert mountains of Arizona. Taxonomy Condors are part of the family Cathartidae, which contains the New World vultures, whereas the 15 species of Old World vultures are in the family Accipitridae, which also includes hawks, eagles, and Kite (bird), kites. The New World and Old World vultures evolved from different ancestors. They both are carrion-eaters and the two groups are similar in appearance due to convergent evolution. Description Condors are very large, broa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
