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Crab (scratch)
A crab is a type of scratch used by turntablists, combining hand movements on a turntable with rapid manipulation of the crossfader. This technique enables the creation of multiple, rapid sound variations, producing a unique stutter sound that blends audio and silence, giving it an almost robotic quality. Origin The crab scratch was invented by DJ Qbert in Japan, later refined in San Francisco and showcased during the "Famous Warehouse Session" at the DMC USA finals in 1995. This session featured influential DJs including The Beat Junkies, The X-ecutioners, and ISP. The name "crab" originated from a humorous mispronunciation of "crepes" during Qbert's visit to Beirut, which he and Mixmaster Mike Mixmaster may refer to: Equipment and technology * Sunbeam Mixmaster, an electric kitchen mixer that was the flagship product of Sunbeam Products ** Mix Diskerud, United States professional soccer player nicknamed after the mixer * Mixmaster ano ... found amusing and adopted for the ...
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Scratching
Scratching, sometimes referred to as scrubbing, is a DJ and Turntablism, turntablist technique of moving a vinyl record back and forth on a phonograph, turntable to produce percussive or rhythmic sounds. A crossfader on a DJ mixer may be used to fade between two records simultaneously. While scratching is most associated with Hip-hop, hip hop music, where it emerged in the mid-1970s, from the 1990s it has been used in some styles of Electronic dance music, EDM like techno, trip hop, and house music and rock music such as rap rock, rap metal, rapcore, and nu metal. In Hip-hop culture, hip hop culture, scratching is one of the measures of a DJ's skills. DJs compete in scratching competitions at the DMC World DJ Championships and IDA (International DJ Association), formerly known as International Turntablist Federation, ITF (International Turntablism, Turntablist Federation). At scratching competitions, DJs can use only scratch-oriented gear (turntables, DJ mixer, digital vinyl syste ...
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Turntablist
Turntablism is the art of manipulating sounds and creating new music, sound effects, mixes and other creative sounds and beats, typically by using two or more turntables and a cross fader-equipped DJ mixer. The mixer is plugged into a PA system (for live events) or broadcasting equipment (if the DJ is performing on radio, TV or Internet radio) so that a wider audience can hear the turntablist's music. Turntablists typically manipulate records on a turntable by moving the record with their hand to cue the stylus to exact points on a record, and by touching or moving the platter or record to stop, slow down, speed up or, spin the record backwards, or moving the turntable platter back and forth (the popular rhythmic "scratching" effect which is a key part of hip hop music), all while using a DJ mixer's cross-fader control and the mixer's gain and equalization controls to adjust the sound and level of each turntable. Turntablists typically use two or more turntables and headphones t ...
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Phonograph
A phonograph, later called a gramophone, and since the 1940s a record player, or more recently a turntable, is a device for the mechanical and analogue reproduction of sound. The sound vibration Waveform, waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical deviations of a helical or spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called a ''Phonograph record, record''. To recreate the sound, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback #Stylus, stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated by it, faintly reproducing the recorded sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a Diaphragm (acoustics), diaphragm that produced sound waves coupled to the open air through a flaring Horn loudspeaker, horn, or directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope-type earphones. The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison; its use would rise the following year. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory an ...
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Crossfader
In audio engineering, a fade is a gradual increase or decrease in the level of an audio signal. The term can also be used for film cinematography or theatre lighting in much the same way (see fade (filmmaking) and fade (lighting)). In sound recording and reproduction a song may be gradually reduced to silence at its end (fade-out), or may gradually increase from silence at the beginning (fade-in). Fading-out can serve as a recording solution for pieces of music that contain no obvious ending. Quick fade-ins and -outs can also be used to change the characteristics of a sound, such as to soften the attack in vocal plosives and percussion sounds. Professional turntablists and DJs in hip hop music use faders on a DJ mixer, notably the horizontal crossfader, in a rapid fashion while simultaneously manipulating two or more record players (or other sound sources) to create ''scratching'' and develop beats. Club DJs in house music and techno use DJ mixers, two or more sound s ...
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DJ Q-Bert
Richard Quitevis (born October 7, 1969) known by his stage name DJ Qbert or Qbert, is a Filipino American turntablism, turntablist and composer who has heavily influenced the History of DJing. He was awarded America's Best DJ in 2010, was DMC World DJ Championships, DMC USA Champion 1991 (solo) and achieved titles as DMC World Champion in 1992 and 1993. Early life Richard Quitevis was born on October 7, 1969, to Filipinos, Filipino immigrant parents hailing from Bacolod, Negros Occidental and Ilocos Sur. Growing up in San Francisco's Excelsior District on Moscow Street, he graduated from Luther Burbank Middle School and in 1987 from Balboa High School (San Francisco), Balboa High School. Qbert started playing with gramophone record, records at the age of 15, although he got his first Fisher-Price turntable as a toddler. He was influenced by the street performers and graffiti artists of the local hip hop community in the mid-1980s. It was at Balboa's school cafeteria that he ...
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San Francisco
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of 2024, San Francisco is the List of California cities by population, fourth-most populous city in the U.S. state of California and the List of United States cities by population, 17th-most populous in the United States. San Francisco has a land area of at the upper end of the San Francisco Peninsula and is the County statistics of the United States, fifth-most densely populated U.S. county. Among U.S. cities proper with over 250,000 residents, San Francisco is ranked first by per capita income and sixth by aggregate income as of 2023. San Francisco anchors the Metropolitan statistical area#United States, 13th-most populous metropolitan statistical area in the U.S., with almost 4.6 million residents in 2023. The larger San Francisco Bay Area ...
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Disco Mix Club
The DMC World DJ Championships is an annual DJ competition founded by the Disco Mix Club (DMC) which began in 1985. It has been described as a "pre-eminent competitive DJ event". History Competitors are each given 6 minutes to perform, with winners selected at the end. Championships were sponsored internationally by Technics, but in 2010 Technics was replaced by Serato and Rane. Since 2011, the vinyl emulation software Serato Scratch Live can be used during the competition in addition to traditional vinyl. The first championship, held in the London Hippodrome in 1985, was won by Londoner Roger Johnson. From 1992 to 1994 American DJ Qbert dominated the competition, until being asked to step down in order to "level the playing field". In 2017 the Bronx-born Puerto Rican DJ Perly became the first woman to win the DMC United States finals. She went on to earn fourth place in the world finals in London later that year, the highest-placing female to that date. In 2020 and 202 ...
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Beat Junkies
The Beat Junkies is an American hip hop crew of DJs specializing in turntablism. Established in 1992 in Cerritos, California by J. Rocc. As of 2014, The Beat Junkie Crew also host their own record pool, clothing line and radio station. The Beat Junkies opened their own DJ school in April 2017, located in Glendale. In January 2018, they announced plans to go online and launch beatjunkies.tv. The Beat Junkies have won prestigious DJ battles and competitions like the DMC, the Supermen, and International Turntablists Federation competitions and going to world tour exhibitions. They have traveled and performed across the United States as well as Japan, Germany, The Netherlands and Canada. The Beat Junkies as a crew and individually have also featured in many other acts alongside artists such as Jurassic 5, the Visionaries, the Likwit Junkies with Defari, Phil Da Agony, Cypress Hill, Invisibl Skratch Piklz, Dilated Peoples, and Peanut Butter Wolf who was so influenced by the Be ...
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X-ecutioners
The X-Ecutioners, originally known as X-Men, are a group of American hip hop DJs/ turntablists from New York City, New York. The group formed in 1989 and currently consists of three DJs, including Total Eclipse, DJ Boogie Blind, and DJ Precision. Original members of the group included Mista Sinista, Rob Swift, and Roc Raida. Rob Swift and Total Eclipse formed a side project called Ill Insanity releasing one album together in 2008 entitled '' Ground Xero''. History The X-Ecutioners formed as a DJ crew in 1989 that originally included 11 members. The group's original name was the X-Men, named after the Marvel Comics superhero team. The "X-Men" name was chosen by the crew partly because of their rivalry with DJ Clark Kent and his crew of DJs, known as the Supermen, named after DC Comics' Superman. The X-Men later changed their name to the X-Ecutioners for trademark reasons. After the group's name changed, the crew was later reduced to members Rob Swift, Roc Raida, Total Eclips ...
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Invisibl Skratch Piklz
The Invisibl Skratch Piklz are an American group of turntablists. The members of the group were originally hip-hop DJs, who were among the pioneers of the turntablism movement in the 1990s; turntablists create musical pieces by mixing samples from records, and by using multiple turntables as instruments. History The group started in 1989 as Shadow of the Prophet, with DJ Qbert, Mix Master Mike, and DJ Apollo, who left the group in 1993. The group later added DJ Disk, Shortkut, DJ Flare, Yogafrog, D-Styles, The Tomkat and A-Trak to their lineup. They released numerous mix projects and albums and were featured in documentaries such as ''Battle Sounds'' and '' Scratch''. The Invisibl Skratch Piklz performed their last show on July 1, 2000 at the Skratchcon 2000 conference in San Francisco, California. They were asked by the Disco Mix Club (DMC), an international DJ association, to stop competing since they were discouraging other DJs from entering. The Piklz produced mos ...
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Beirut
Beirut ( ; ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, just under half of Lebanon's population, which makes it the List of largest cities in the Levant region by population, fourth-largest city in the Levant region and the List of largest cities in the Arab world, sixteenth-largest in the Arab world. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast. Beirut has been inhabited for more than 5,000 years, making it one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world. Beirut is Lebanon's seat of government and plays a central role in the Economy of Lebanon, Lebanese economy, with many banks and corporations based in the city. Beirut is an important Port of Beirut, seaport for the country and region, and rated a Global City, Beta- World City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Beirut was severely damaged by ...
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Mixmaster Mike
Mixmaster may refer to: Equipment and technology * Sunbeam Mixmaster, an electric kitchen mixer that was the flagship product of Sunbeam Products ** Mix Diskerud, United States professional soccer player nicknamed after the mixer * Mixmaster anonymous remailer, a Type II anonymous remailer network software * Douglas XB-42 Mixmaster, a prototype American bomber * A nickname for the Cessna Skymaster airplane Music * Mixmaster Morris or Morris Gould (born 1965), English ambient DJ and underground musician * Mix Master Mike (born 1970), American turntablist and contributing member of the Beastie Boys * Mixmaster Spade, an early gangsta rap performer in West Coast hip hop * Mixmaster Gee Mixmaster may refer to: Equipment and technology * Sunbeam Mixmaster, an electric kitchen mixer that was the flagship product of Sunbeam Products ** Mix Diskerud, United States professional soccer player nicknamed after the mixer * Mixmaster anony ..., an artist featured on 1987 album '' Stree ...
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