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Counting System
In linguistics, a numeral in the broadest sense is a word or phrase that describes a numerical quantity. Some theories of grammar use the word "numeral" to refer to cardinal numbers that act as a determiner that specify the quantity of a noun, for example the "two" in "two hats". Some theories of grammar do not include determiners as a part of speech and consider "two" in this example to be an adjective. Some theories consider "numeral" to be a synonym for "number" and assign all numbers (including Ordinal numeral, ordinal numbers like "first") to a part of speech called "numerals". Numerals in the broad sense can also be analyzed as a noun ("three is a small number"), as a pronoun ("the two went to town"), or for a small number of words as an adverb ("I rode the slide twice"). Numerals can express relationships like quantity (cardinal numbers), sequence (ordinal numbers), frequency (once, twice), and part (fraction). Identifying numerals Numerals may be attributive, as in ''tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Word
A word is a basic element of language that carries semantics, meaning, can be used on its own, and is uninterruptible. Despite the fact that language speakers often have an intuitive grasp of what a word is, there is no consensus among linguistics, linguists on its definition and numerous attempts to find specific criteria of the concept remain controversial. Different standards have been proposed, depending on the theoretical background and descriptive context; these do not converge on a single definition. Some specific definitions of the term "word" are employed to convey its different meanings at different levels of description, for example based on phonology, phonological, grammar, grammatical or orthography, orthographic basis. Others suggest that the concept is simply a convention used in everyday situations. The concept of "word" is distinguished from that of a morpheme, which is the smallest unit of language that has a meaning, even if it cannot stand on its own. Words a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Pronominal
In linguistics and grammar, a pronoun ( glossed ) is a word or a group of words that one may substitute for a noun or noun phrase. Pronouns have traditionally been regarded as one of the parts of speech, but some modern theorists would not consider them to form a single class, in view of the variety of functions they perform cross-linguistically. An example of a pronoun is "you", which can be either singular or plural. Sub-types include personal and possessive pronouns, reflexive and reciprocal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, relative and interrogative pronouns, and indefinite pronouns. The use of pronouns often involves anaphora, where the meaning of the pronoun is dependent on an antecedent. For example, in the sentence ''That poor man looks as if he needs a new coat'', the meaning of the pronoun ''he'' is dependent on its antecedent, ''that poor man''. The adjective form of the word "pronoun" is "pronominal". A pronominal is also a word or phrase that acts as a pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Russian Numerals
In Russian grammar, the system of declension is elaborate and complex. Nouns, pronouns, adjectives, demonstratives, most numerals and other particles are declined for two grammatical numbers (singular and plural) and six grammatical cases ; some of these parts of speech in the singular are also declined by three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine and neuter). This gives many spelling combinations for most of the words, which is needed for grammatical agreement within and (often) outside the proposition. Also, there are several paradigms for each declension with numerous irregular forms. Russian has retained more declensions than many other modern Indo-European languages (English, for example, has almost no declensions remaining in the language). Nouns Nominal declension is subject to six cases – nominative, accusative, genitive, prepositional, dative, instrumental – in two numbers (singular and plural), and absolutely obeying grammatical gender (masculine, feminine, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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English Numerals
English number words include numerals and various words derived from them, as well as a large number of words borrowed from other languages. Cardinal numbers Cardinal numbers refer to the size of a group. In English, these words are numerals. If a number is in the range 21 to 99, and the second digit is not zero, the number is typically written as two words separated by a hyphen. In English, the hundreds are perfectly regular, except that the word ''hundred'' remains in its singular form regardless of the number preceding it. So too are the thousands, with the number of thousands followed by the word "thousand". The number one thousand may be written 1 000 or 1000 or 1,000; larger numbers are written for example 10 000 or 10,000 for ease of reading. European languages that use the comma as a decimal separator may correspondingly use the period as a thousands separator. As a result, some style guides recommend avoidance of the comma (,) as either separator and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Romanian Numbers
Romanian numbers are the system of number names used in Romanian to express counts, quantities, ranks in ordered sets, fractions, multiplication, and other information related to numbers. In Romanian grammar, the words expressing numbers are sometimes considered a separate part of speech, called (plural: ), along with nouns, verbs, etc. (Note that the English word "numeral" can mean both the symbols used for writing numbers and the names of those numbers in a given language; also, Romanian only partially overlaps in meaning with English ''number''.) Nevertheless, these words play the same roles in the sentence as they do in English: adjective, pronoun, noun, and adverb. This article focuses on the mechanism of naming numbers in Romanian and the use of the number names in sentences. The symbols for numbers in Romanian texts are the same as those used in English, with the exception of using the comma as the decimal separator and the period or the space (ideally a narrow space) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Georgian Language
Georgian (, ) is the most widely spoken Kartvelian language, Kartvelian language family. It is the official language of Georgia (country), Georgia and the native or primary language of 88% of its population. It also serves as the literary language or lingua franca for speakers of related languages. Its speakers today amount to approximately 3.8 million. Georgian is written with its own unique Georgian scripts, alphabet, alphabetical systems of unclear origin. Georgian is most closely related to the Zan languages (Megrelian and Laz language, Laz) and more distantly to Svan language, Svan. Georgian has various dialects, with standard Georgian based on the Kartlian dialect, and all dialects are mutually intelligible. The history of Georgian spans from Early Old Georgian in the 5th century, to Modern Georgian today. Its development as a written language began with the Christianization of Georgia in the 4th century. Georgian phonology features a rich consonant system, including aspi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Distributive Number
In linguistics, a distributive numeral, or distributive number word, is a word that answers "how many times each?" or "how many at a time?", such as ''singly'' or ''doubly''. They are contrasted with multipliers. In English, this part of speech is rarely used and much less recognized than cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers, but it is clearly distinguished and commonly used in Latin and several Romance languages, such as Romanian. English In English distinct distributive numerals exist, such as ''singly'', ''doubly'', and ''triply'', and are derived from the corresponding multiplier (of Latin origin, via French) by suffixing ''-y'' (reduction of Middle English ''-lely'' > ''-ly''). However, this is more commonly expressed periphrastically, such as "one by one", "two by two"; "one at a time", "two at a time"; "one of each", "two of each"; "in twos", "in threes"; or using a counter word as in "in groups of two" or "two pieces to a ...". Examples include "Please get off the bus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Multiplier (linguistics)
In linguistics, more precisely in traditional grammar, a multiplier is a word that counts how many times its object should be multiplied, such as ''single'' or ''double''. They are contrasted with distributive numbers. In English, this part of speech is relatively marginal, and less recognized than cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers. English In English native multipliers exist, formed by the suffix ''-fold'', as in ''onefold'', ''twofold'', ''threefold''. However, these have largely been replaced by ''single'', ''double'', and ''triple'', which are of Latin origin, via French. They have a corresponding distributive number formed by suffixing ''-y'' (reduction of Middle English ''-lely'' > ''-ly''), as in ''singly''. However, the series is primarily used for the first few numbers; ''quadruple'' and ''quintuple'' are less common, and ''hextuple'' and above are quite rare. For larger multiples a cardinal number and a counter are used instead, such as "five portions" or "a porti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Adverbial Number
English number words include numerals and various words derived from them, as well as a large number of words borrowed from other languages. Cardinal numbers Cardinal numbers refer to the size of a group. In English, these words are numerals. If a number is in the range 21 to 99, and the second digit is not zero, the number is typically written as two words separated by a hyphen. In English, the hundreds are perfectly regular, except that the word ''hundred'' remains in its singular form regardless of the number preceding it. So too are the thousands, with the number of thousands followed by the word "thousand". The number one thousand may be written 1 000 or 1000 or 1,000; larger numbers are written for example 10 000 or 10,000 for ease of reading. European languages that use the comma as a decimal separator may correspondingly use the period as a thousands separator. As a result, some style guides recommend avoidance of the comma (,) as either separator and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Ordinal Number (linguistics)
In linguistics, ordinal numerals or ordinal number words are words representing position or rank in a sequential order; the order may be of size, importance, chronology, and so on (e.g., "third", "tertiary"). They differ from cardinal numerals, which represent quantity (e.g., "three") and other types of numerals. In traditional grammar, all Numeral (linguistics), numerals, including ordinal numerals, are grouped into a separate part of speech (, hence, "noun numeral" in older English grammar books). However, in modern interpretations of English grammar, ordinal numerals are usually conflated with adjectives. Ordinal numbers may be written in English with numerals and letter suffixes: 1st, 2nd or 2d, 3rd or 3d, 4th, 11th, 21st, 101st, 477th, etc., with the suffix acting as an ordinal indicator. Written dates often omit the suffix, although it is nevertheless pronounced. For example: 5 November 1605 (pronounced "the fifth of November ... "); November 5, 1605, ("November (the) F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Cardinal Number (linguistics)
In linguistics, and more precisely in traditional grammar, a cardinal numeral (or cardinal number word) is a part of speech used to count. Examples in English are the words ''one'', ''two'', ''three'', and the compounds ''three hundred ndforty-two'' and ''nine hundred ndsixty''. Cardinal numerals are classified as definite, and are related to ordinal numbers, such as the English ''first'', ''second'', ''third'', etc. See also * Arity * Cardinal number for the related usage in mathematics * English numerals (in particular the ''Cardinal numbers'' section) * Distributive number * Multiplier * Nominal numeral * Numeral for examples of number systems * Ordinal number * Valency * Roman numerals * Latin numerals * Greek numerals Greek numerals, also known as Ionic, Ionian, Milesian, or Alexandrian numerals, is a numeral system, system of writing numbers using the letters of the Greek alphabet. In modern Greece, they are still used for ordinal number (linguistics), or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Article (grammar)
In grammar, an article is any member of a class of dedicated words that are used with noun phrases to mark the identifiability of the referents of the noun phrases. The category of articles constitutes a part of speech. In English language, English, both "the" and "a(n)" are articles, which combine with nouns to form noun phrases. Articles typically specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun phrase, but in many languages, they carry additional grammatical information such as grammatical gender, gender, grammatical number, number, and grammatical case, case. Articles are part of a broader category called determiners, which also include demonstratives, possessive determiners, and Quantifier (linguistics), quantifiers. In linguistic interlinear glossing, articles are list of glossing abbreviations, abbreviated as . Types of article Definite article A definite article is an article that marks a definiteness, definite noun phrase. Definite articles, such as the English ''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |