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Concrete Pavement Restoration
Concrete pavement restoration (CPR) together with concrete pavement preservation (CPP) is a group of various techniques used to maintain concrete roadways. Techniques CPP and CPR techniques include slab stabilization, full- and partial-depth repair, dowel bar retrofit, cross stitching longitudinal cracks or joints, diamond grinding and joint and crack resealing. CPP and CPR methods, developed over the last 40 years, are used in lieu of asphalt overlays and bituminous patches to repair roads when longer lasting solutions are desired. When installing pavers over top of an existing asphalt of concrete pad, there are three installation options: sand set, bituminous set, and mortar set. Due to rising oil prices, these methods are often less expensive than an asphalt overlay and last three times longer in addition to providing a greener, more sustainable solution. A recent study was conducted that shows that diamond grinding is an effective means of extending the service life of co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concrete
Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bound together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. It is the second-most-used substance (after water), the most–widely used building material, and the most-manufactured material in the world. When aggregate is mixed with dry Portland cement and water, the mixture forms a fluid slurry that can be poured and molded into shape. The cement reacts with the water through a process called hydration, which hardens it after several hours to form a solid matrix that binds the materials together into a durable stone-like material with various uses. This time allows concrete to not only be cast in forms, but also to have a variety of tooled processes performed. The hydration process is exothermic, which means that ambient temperature plays a significant role in how long it takes concrete to set. Often, additives (such as pozzolans or superplasticizers) are included in the mixture to improve the physical prop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Road
A road is a thoroughfare used primarily for movement of traffic. Roads differ from streets, whose primary use is local access. They also differ from stroads, which combine the features of streets and roads. Most modern roads are paved. The words "road" and "street" are commonly considered to be interchangeable, but the distinction is important in urban design. There are many types of roads, including parkways, avenues, controlled-access highways (freeways, motorways, and expressways), tollways, interstates, highways, and local roads. The primary features of roads include lanes, sidewalks (pavement), roadways (carriageways), medians, shoulders, verges, bike paths (cycle paths), and shared-use paths. Definitions Historically, many roads were simply recognizable routes without any formal construction or some maintenance. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines a road as "a line of communication (travelled way) using a stab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dowel Bar Retrofit
A dowel bar retrofit (DBR) is a method of reinforcing cracks in highway Pavement (material), pavement by inserting steel dowel bars in slots cut across the cracks. It is a technique which several U.S. states' departments of transportation have successfully used in repairs to address faulting in older jointed plain concrete pavements. The typical approach is to saw cut and jackhammer out the slots for the dowels. Following dowel placement the slots are then typically backfilled with a grout, non-shrink concrete mixture, and the pavement is diamond-ground to restore smoothness. History As a vehicle travels on jointed concrete roads the weight of the vehicle passes from one concrete panel to the next. As the vehicle traverses the joints its weight is placed on the edge of the panel, where the panel is least able to withstand the deflection force. This can cause cracks as pavement shears off the edge of the panel. On older highways built in the early-to-mid 20th century, dowel bars ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diamond Grinding Of Pavement
Diamond grinding is a pavement preservation technique that corrects a variety of surface imperfections on both concrete and asphalt concrete pavements. Most often utilized on concrete pavement, diamond grinding is typically performed in conjunction with other concrete pavement preservation (CPP) techniques such as road slab stabilization, full- and partial-depth repair, dowel bar retrofit, cross stitching longitudinal cracks or joints and joint and crack resealing. Diamond grinding restores rideability by removing surface irregularities caused during construction or through repeated traffic loading over time. The immediate effect of diamond grinding is a significant improvement in the smoothness of a pavement. Another important effect of diamond grinding is the considerable increase in surface macrotexture and consequent improvement in skid resistance, noise reduction and safety. History The industry can be traced back to an event where a single diamond blade mounted on a concret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California Department Of Transportation
The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) is an Executive (government), executive department of the U.S. state of California. The department is part of the Government of California#State agencies, cabinet-level California State Transportation Agency (CalSTA). Caltrans is headquartered in Sacramento, California, Sacramento. Caltrans manages the state's State highways in California, highway system, which includes the California Freeway and Expressway System, supports public transportation systems throughout the state and provides funding and oversight for three state-supported Amtrak intercity rail routes (''Capitol Corridor'', ''Pacific Surfliner'' and ''San Joaquins'') which are collectively branded as ''Amtrak California''. In 2015, Caltrans released a new mission statement: "Provide a safe, sustainable, integrated and efficient transportation system to enhance California's economy and livability." History The earliest predecessor of Caltrans was the Bureau of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dowel Bar Retrofit
A dowel bar retrofit (DBR) is a method of reinforcing cracks in highway Pavement (material), pavement by inserting steel dowel bars in slots cut across the cracks. It is a technique which several U.S. states' departments of transportation have successfully used in repairs to address faulting in older jointed plain concrete pavements. The typical approach is to saw cut and jackhammer out the slots for the dowels. Following dowel placement the slots are then typically backfilled with a grout, non-shrink concrete mixture, and the pavement is diamond-ground to restore smoothness. History As a vehicle travels on jointed concrete roads the weight of the vehicle passes from one concrete panel to the next. As the vehicle traverses the joints its weight is placed on the edge of the panel, where the panel is least able to withstand the deflection force. This can cause cracks as pavement shears off the edge of the panel. On older highways built in the early-to-mid 20th century, dowel bars ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Grooving & Grinding Association
International Grooving & Grinding Association (IGGA) is a non-profit trade association located in West Coxsackie, New York. Founded in 1972, the organization represents the grooving, grinding, and Concrete Pavement Restoration (CPR) and Concrete Pavement Preservation (CPP) industry. The organization became an affiliate of the American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA) in 1995. The IGGA is made up of contractors, manufacturers, suppliers, consultants and public officials representing the industry. In addition to a diversified Board of Directors, the IGGA is served by a Communications Committee whose activities include public relations, development of marketing materials and industry promotion. The Environmental Committee is in place to research and educate the industry about key issues affecting the marketplace. History The IGGA was first incorporated in Lakewood, California, in June 1972. In 1995, the IGGA affiliated with the American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA) to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sealcoat
Sealcoating, or pavement sealing, is the process of applying a protective coating to asphalt-based pavements to provide a layer of protection from the elements: water, oils, and U.V. damage. The effects of asphalt sealers have been debated. Asphalt sealing is marketed as increasing the life of the asphalt, but there is no independent research that proves these claims. Asphalt sealing can also make the asphalt more slippery and impact the environment. Detriments to sealcoat Pavement sealcoat products come in a variety of standards. For example, refined tar-based sealer offers the best protecting against water penetration and chemical resistance. Asphalt-based sealer typically offers poor protection against environmental, chemical and harsher climates (salt water). Petroleum-based sealer offer protection against water and chemicals somewhere between the other two sealers. Another difference between coatings is in terms of wear. Again, refined tar-based sealer offers the bes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavements
Pavement(s) or paving may refer to: Surfacing * Road surface, the durable surfacing of roads and walkways * Sidewalk, a walkway along the side of a road, called a pavement in British English * Asphalt concrete, a common form of road surface * Cool pavement, pavement that delivers higher solar reflectance than conventional dark pavement * Crazy paving, a means of hard-surfacing used outdoors * Nicolson pavement, a road surface material consisting of wooden blocks * Pavers (flooring), an outdoor floor done in blocks * Permeable paving, paving that enables stormwater to flow through it or between gaps * Portuguese pavement, the traditional paving used in most pedestrian areas in Portugal * Resin-bound paving, a mixture of aggregate stones and resin used to pave footpaths, driveways, etc. * Tactile paving, textured ground surface indicators to assist vision-impaired pedestrians * Whitetopping, the covering of an existing asphalt pavement with a layer of Portland cement concret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
