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Coccidiostat
A coccidiostat is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites. Examples include: * Amprolium * Arprinocid * Artemether * Clazuril * Clopidol * Decoquinate * Diclazuril * Dinitolmide * Ethopabate * Halofuginone * Lasalocid * Monensin * Narasin * Nicarbazin * Oryzalin * Ponazuril * Robenidine * Roxarsone * Salinomycin * Spiramycin * Sulfadiazine * Sulfadimethoxine * Toltrazuril Toltrazuril is a coccidiostat. See also * Clazuril * Diclazuril * Ponazuril Ponazuril ( INN), sold by Merial, Inc., now part of Boehringer Ingelheim, under the trade name Marquis® (15% w/w ponazuril), is a drug currently approved for the tre ... References Antiprotozoal agents {{antiinfective-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicarbazin
Nicarbazin is a coccidiostat used on meat chickens. It is also used as a contraceptive for population control of Canada geese and feral pigeons. It is also a wide-spectrum anti-parasitic drug approved for veterinary use, effective on ''Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostoma caninum, Uncinaria stenocephala, Trichuris vulpis, Dipylidium caninum, and Taenia sp. and Mesocestoides sp.''. Known brand names for specific countries include: * Carbigran (the United States) * Ceva Nicarbazin (South Africa) * Cycarb (New Zealand) * Keymix (Australia) * Koffogran (South Africa) * Kofozin (Israel) * Nicarb 25% (the United States) * Nicarbazin (Israel) * Nicarbazin Elanco (the United States) * Nicarbmax 100% (New Zealand) * Nicarmix (the United States) * Ovistop (Italy and Costa Rica) * OvoControl (the United States) * PhiCarb (Australia) * R-12 (Belgium) From the chemical point of view, nicarbazin is an equimolar complex formed by 1,3 - bis (4- nitrophenyl) urea and 4-6 dimethy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coccidia
Coccidia (Coccidiasina) are a subclass of microscopic, spore-forming, single-celled obligate intracellular parasites belonging to the apicomplexan class Conoidasida. As obligate intracellular parasites, they must live and reproduce within an animal cell. Coccidian parasites infect the intestinal tracts of animals, and are the largest group of apicomplexan protozoa. Infection with these parasites is known as coccidiosis. Coccidia can infect all mammals, some birds, some fish, some reptiles, and some amphibians. Most species of coccidia are species-specific in their host. An exception is ''Toxoplasma gondii'', which can infect all mammals, although it can only undergo sexual reproduction in cats. Depending on the species of coccidia, infection can cause fever, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle pain, and nervous system effects and changes to behavior, and may lead to death. Healthy adults may recover without medication—but those who are immunocompromised or young almost certainly re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amprolium
Amprolium is the organic compound sold as a coccidiostat used in poultry. It has many International Nonproprietary Names. __TOC__ Uses in coccidiosis treatment in poultry The drug is a thiamine analogue and blocks the thiamine transporter of ''Eimeria'' species. By blocking thiamine uptake it prevents carbohydrate synthesis. Despite only moderate efficacy it is well favoured due to few resistance issues and is commonly used in the United States in conjunction with sulfonamides prophylactically in chickens and cattle as a coccidiostat. Synthesis Condensation of ethoxymethylenemalononitrile (1) with acetamidine (2) affords the substituted pyrimidine (4). The reaction may well involve conjugate addition of the amidine nitrogen to the malononitrile followed by loss of ethoxide (3); addition of the remaining amidine nitrogen to one of the nitriles will then lead to the pyrimidine (4). Reduction of the nitrile gives the corresponding aminomethyl compound (5). Exhaustive methylatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salinomycin
Salinomycin is an antibacterial and coccidiostat ionophore therapeutic drug. Antibacterial activity Salinomycin and its derivatives exhibit high antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including the most problematic bacteria strains such as methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' and methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus epidermidis'', and '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis''. Salinomycin is inactive against fungi such as ''Candida'' and Gram-negative bacteria. Cancer research Pre-clinical Salinomycin has been shown by Piyush Gupta et al. of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Broad Institute to kill breast cancer stem cells in mice at least 100 times more effectively than the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel. The study screened 16,000 different chemical compounds and found that only a small subset, including salinomycin and etoposide, targeted cancer stem cells responsible for metastasis and relapse. The mechanism of action by which salinomyc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decoquinate
Decoquinate is a quinolone coccidiostat used in veterinary medicine Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, management, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, disorder, and injury in animals. Along with this, it deals with animal rearing, husbandry, breeding, research on nutri .... References Further reading * Antiparasitic agents 4-Quinolones Catechol ethers Carboxylate esters Ethyl esters {{antiinfective-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halofuginone
Halofuginone, sold under the brand name Halocur, is a coccidiostat used in veterinary medicine. It is a synthetic halogenated derivative of febrifugine, a natural quinazolinone alkaloid which can be found in the Chinese herb '' Dichroa febrifuga'' (Chang Shan). Collgard Biopharmaceuticals is developing halofuginone for the treatment of scleroderma and it has received orphan drug designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Halofuginone inhibits the development of T helper 17 cells, immune cells that play an important role in autoimmune disease, but it does not affect other kinds of T cells which are involved in normal immune function. Halofuginone therefore has potential for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. * Halofuginone is also an inhibitor of collagen type I Type I collagen is the most abundant collagen of the human body. It forms large, eosinophilic fibers known as collagen fibers. It is present in scar tissue, the end product when tissue heals by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roxarsone
Roxarsone is an organoarsenic compound that has been used in poultry production as a feed additive to increase weight gain and improve feed efficiency, and as a coccidiostat. As of June 2011, it was approved for chicken feed in the United States, Canada, Australia, and 12 other countries. The drug was also approved in the United States and elsewhere for use in pigs. Its use in the United States was voluntarily ended by the manufacturers in June 2011 and has been illegal since 2013. Its use was immediately suspended in Malaysia. It was banned in Canada in August 2011. In Australia, its use in chicken feed was discontinued in 2012. Roxarsone has been banned in the European Union since 1999. Production and applications Roxarsone is a derivative of phenylarsonic acid (C6H5As(O)(OH)2). It was first reported in a 1923 British patent that described the nitration and diazotization of arsanilic acid. When blended with calcite powder, it is used in poultry feed premixes in some parts of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robenidine
Robenidine is a coccidiostat. Robenidine is an antibiotic used for the control of coccidiosis, a debilitating protozoal infection in poultry. Although there are alternative antibiotics available, robenidine is important in the management of antibiotic resistance Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes evolve mechanisms that protect them from the effects of antimicrobials. All classes of microbes can evolve resistance. Fungi evolve antifungal resistance. Viruses evolve antiviral resistanc ... as farmers rotate the use of robenidine with other antibiotics to try to preserve the effectiveness of these products in fighting infections. References Antiparasitic agents Guanidines Chloroarenes {{antiinfective-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narasin
Narasin is a coccidiostat and antibacterial agent. It is a derivative of salinomycin with an additional methyl group In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula . In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in ma .... Narasin is produced by fermentation of a strain of '' Streptomyces aureofaciens''. References Antibiotics Antiparasitic agents Carboxylic acids Secondary alcohols Tertiary alcohols Ketones Tetrahydropyrans Tetrahydrofurans Spiro compounds Ketals {{antiinfective-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lasalocid
Lasalocid is an antibacterial agent and a coccidiostat A coccidiostat is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites. Examples include: * Amprolium * Arprinocid * Artemether * Clazuril * Clopidol * Decoquinate * Diclazuril * Dinitolmide * Ethopabate * Halofuginone * Lasalocid * M ..., which is produced by strains of '' Streptomyces lasaliensis''. It is the drug in the feed additives called Bovatec and Avatec. Lasalocid is able to make neutral complexes with monovalent and divalent cations and transport them through apolar phase (including lipid bilayer membranes). It can also transport big organic cations like dopamine. Horses and dogs are very susceptible to the toxic effects of lasalocid, and it should never be administered to non-target species. References Antibiotics Antiparasitic agents Tertiary alcohols Tetrahydropyrans Tetrahydrofurans Salicylic acids {{antiinfective-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethopabate
Ethopabate is a coccidiostat A coccidiostat is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites. Examples include: * Amprolium * Arprinocid * Artemether * Clazuril * Clopidol * Decoquinate * Diclazuril * Dinitolmide * Ethopabate * Halofuginone * Lasalocid * Monens ... used in poultry. References Antiparasitic agents 4-Aminobenzoate esters Salicylate esters Acetanilides Salicylyl ethers {{antiinfective-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diclazuril
Diclazuril (trade name Vecoxan) is a coccidiostat. See also * Clazuril * Ponazuril * Toltrazuril Toltrazuril is a coccidiostat. See also * Clazuril Clazuril is a drug used in veterinary medicine as a coccidiostat. See also * Diclazuril * Ponazuril * Toltrazuril Toltrazuril is a coccidiostat. See also * Clazuril * Diclazuril * Pona ... References Antiparasitic agents Nitriles Chlorobenzenes Triazines Lactams Ureas {{antiinfective-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
