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Clitoral Reconstruction
Clitoroplasty is a type of plastic surgery involving the clitoris. It encompasses several procedures, including clitoral reduction, clitoral reconstruction, and the creation of a neoclitoris in male-to-female gender-affirming surgery. These surgeries aim to retain or restore sensation and function in the clitoris, often employing nerve-sparing techniques. Clitoral reconstruction Clitoral reconstruction is surgery to restore the function and structure of the clitoris. Examples of clitoral reconstruction include its use to mitigate congenital malformation or repair damage caused by female genital mutilation. Clitoral reconstruction after female genital mutilation involves surgery to expose the remaining deep structures of the clitoris. , there was little evidence for the therapeutic effectiveness of this procedure. Clitoral reduction Clitoral reduction is the surgical reduction in size of the clitoris, used to treat clitoromegaly. Unlike clitoridectomy, the amputation of part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitoral Hood
In female humans and other mammals, the clitoral hood (also called preputium clitoridis, clitoral prepuce, and clitoral foreskin) is a fold of skin that surrounds and protects the glans of the clitoris; it also covers the external clitoral shaft, develops as part of the labia minora and is homologous with the foreskin (also called the ''prepuce'') in the male reproductive system. The clitoral hood is composed of mucocutaneous tissues; these tissues are between the mucous membrane and the skin, and they may have immunological importance because they may be a point of entry of mucosal vaccines. Development and variation The clitoral hood is formed during the fetal stage by the cellular lamella. The cellular lamella grows down on the dorsal side of the clitoris and is eventually fused with the clitoris. The clitoral hood varies in the size, shape, thickness, and other aesthetic aspects. Some women have large clitoral hoods that completely cover the clitoral glans. Some of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vulvoplasty
Vulvoplasty, also known as zero-depth vaginoplasty, is a plastic surgery procedure for altering the appearance of one's vulva or constructing a vulva from Human penis, penile and Scrotum, scrotal tissue (a neovulva). Surgery Reasons for vulvoplasty Women with congenital disorders or women post-vulvectomy or with genital trauma may receive vulvoplasty for medical reasons. Women who experience vulvar discomfort may also receive vulvoplasty. Gender-affirming surgery In gender-affirming surgery, some male-to-female Trans woman, transgender patients receive vulvoplasty without vaginoplasty to reconstruct the exterior of female genitalia. During clitoroplasty, a clitoris is made from the tissue of the glans penis. Labiaplasty can be performed as a discrete surgery, or as a subordinate procedure within a vaginoplasty. The labia minora are typically constructed from genital skin and the labia majora using skin from the scrotum. The urinary meatus in trans women is created by shor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neophallus
Phalloplasty (also called penoplasty) is the construction or reconstruction of a penis or the artificial modification of the penis by surgery. The term is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement. History Russian surgeon Nikolaj Bogoraz performed the first reconstruction of a total penis using rib cartilage in a reconstructed phallus made from a tubed abdominal flap in 1936. The first gender-affirming surgery for a trans man was performed in 1946 by Sir Harold Gillies on fellow physician Michael Dillon, documented in Pagan Kennedy's book ''The First Man-Made Man''. Gillies' technique remained the standard one for decades. Later improvements in microsurgery made more techniques available. Indications A complete construction or reconstruction of a penis can be performed on patients who: * Have congenital anomalies such as micropenis, epispadias, and hypospadias * Have lost their penis * Desire gender-affirming surgery as part of their gender transition. Techniques ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metoidioplasty
Metoidioplasty, metaoidioplasty, or metaidoioplasty (informally called a meto or meta) is a female-to-male gender-affirming surgery. Testosterone replacement therapy gradually enlarges the clitoris to a mean maximum size of (as the clitoris and the penis are developmentally homologous). In a metoidioplasty, the urethral plate and urethra are completely dissected from the clitoral corporeal bodies, then divided at the distal (far) end, and the testosterone-enlarged clitoris straightened out and elongated. A longitudinal vascularized island flap is configured and harvested from the dorsal skin of the clitoris, reversed to the ventral side, tubularized and an anastomosis (connection) is formed with the native urethra. The new urethral meatus is placed along the neophallus (newly formed penis) to the distal end and the skin of the neophallus and scrotum reconstructed using labia minora and majora flaps. The new neophallus ranges in size from (with an average of ) and has the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender-affirming Surgery (female-to-male)
Masculinizing gender-affirming surgery for transgender men and transmasculine Non-binary gender, non-binary people includes a variety of surgical procedures that alter anatomical traits to provide physical traits more comfortable to the trans man's male identity and functioning. Often used to refer to phalloplasty, Metoidioplasty, metoidoplasty, or vaginectomy, sex reassignment surgery can also more broadly refer to many procedures an individual may have, such as male chest reconstruction, hysterectomy, or oophorectomy. Gender-affirming surgery is usually preceded by beginning Masculinizing hormone therapy, hormone treatment with testosterone (medication), testosterone. Chest reconstruction Male chest reconstruction, Chest reconstruction ("top surgery") can be an important component of transition in the transmasculine population that can substantially improve gender incongruence. This might be done as a step in the process of treating distress due to a difference between experi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glans Penis
In male human anatomy, the glans penis or penile glans, commonly referred to as the glans, (; from Latin ''glans'' meaning "acorn") is the bulbous structure at the Anatomical terms of location#Proximal and distal, distal end of the human penis that is the human male's most sensitive erogenous zone and primary anatomical source of Human sexuality, sexual pleasure. The glans penis is present in the male reproductive system, reproductive organs of humans and most other mammals where it may appear smooth, spiny, elongated or divided. It is externally lined with Mucosa, mucosal tissue, which creates a smooth texture and glossy appearance. In humans, the glans is located over the distal ends of the Corpus cavernosum penis, corpora cavernosa and is a continuation of the Corpus spongiosum (penis), corpus spongiosum of the penis. At the summit appears the urinary meatus and at the base forms the Corona of glans penis, corona glandis. An elastic band of tissue, known as the Penile frenulum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gender-affirming Surgery (male-to-female)
Feminizing gender-affirming surgery for transgender women and transfeminine non-binary people describes a variety of surgical procedures that alter the body to provide physical traits more comfortable and affirming to an individual's gender identity and overall functioning. Often used to refer to vaginoplasty, sex reassignment surgery can also more broadly refer to other gender-affirming procedures an individual may have, such as permanent reduction or removal of body or facial hair through laser hair removal or electrolysis, facial feminization surgery, tracheal shave, vulvoplasty, orchiectomy, voice surgery, or breast augmentation. Sex reassignment surgery is usually preceded by beginning feminizing hormone therapy. Some surgeries can reduce the need for hormone therapy. Gender-affirming surgeries for transgender women have taken place since the 16th century, though they became more notable in the 20th century. Most patients report greater quality of life and sexual health o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitoral Hood Reduction
Clitoral hood reduction, also termed clitoral hoodectomy, clitoral unhooding, clitoridotomy, or (partial) hoodectomy, is a plastic surgery procedure (a form of vulvoplasty) for reducing the size and the area of the clitoral hood in order to further expose the glans of the clitoris. It is usually performed as an elective cosmetic surgery meant to improve sexual satisfaction and to change the aesthetic appearance of the vulva. The reduction of the clitoral hood usually is done together with a labiaplasty that reduces the labia minora, and occasionally within a vaginoplasty. Though patient surveys have indicated satisfaction with the outcome of such procedures, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists cautioned in 2007 that for this type of vaginal surgeries, which are not medically indicated, women should be informed about the lack of data on their efficacy and potential complications. Surgical procedures The procedures for labiaplasty occasionally include a cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitoris
In amniotes, the clitoris ( or ; : clitorises or clitorides) is a female sex organ. In humans, it is the vulva's most erogenous zone, erogenous area and generally the primary anatomical source of female Human sexuality, sexual pleasure. The clitoris is a complex structure, and its size and sensitivity can vary. The visible portion, the glans, of the clitoris is typically roughly the size and shape of a pea and is estimated to have at least 8,000 Nerve, nerve endings. * * Peters, B; Uloko, M; Isabey, PHow many Nerve Fibers Innervate the Human Clitoris? A Histomorphometric Evaluation of the Dorsal Nerve of the Clitoris 2 p.m. ET 27 October 2022, 23rd annual joint scientific meeting of Sexual Medicine Society of North America and International Society for Sexual Medicine Sexology, Sexological, medical, and psychological debate has focused on the clitoris, and it has been subject to social constructionist analyses and studies. Such discussions range from anatomical accuracy, g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microsurgical
Microsurgery is a general term for surgery requiring an operating microscope. The most obvious developments have been procedures developed to allow anastomosis of successively smaller blood vessels and nerves (typically 1 mm in diameter) which have allowed transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another and re-attachment of severed parts. Microsurgical techniques are utilized by several specialties today, such as general surgery, ophthalmology, orthopedic surgery, gynecological surgery, otolaryngology, neurosurgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, endodontic microsurgery, plastic surgery, podiatric surgery and pediatric surgery. History Otolaryngologists were the first physicians to use microsurgical techniques. A Swedish otolaryngologist, Carl-Olof Siggesson Nylén (1892–1978), was the father of microsurgery. In 1921, in the University of Stockholm, he built the first surgical microscope, a modified monocular Brinell-Leitz microscope. At first he used it for ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clitoridectomy
Clitoridectomy or clitorectomy is the surgical removal, reduction, or partial removal of the clitoris. It is rarely used as a therapeutic medical procedure, such as when cancer has developed in or spread to the clitoris. Commonly, non-medical removal of the clitoris is performed during female genital mutilation. Medical uses Malignancies A clitoridectomy is often done to remove malignancy or necrosis of the clitoris. This is sometimes done along with a radical complete vulvectomy. Surgery may also become necessary due to therapeutic radiation treatments to the pelvic area. Removal of the clitoris may be due to malignancy or trauma. Clitoromegaly and other conditions Female infants born with a 46,XX genotype but have a clitoris size affected by congenital adrenal hyperplasia and are treated surgically with vaginoplasty that often reduces the size of the clitoris without its total removal. The atypical size of the clitoris is due to an endocrine imbalance in utero. Other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
